BBCH-scale (bean)
In biology, the BBCH-scale for beans describes the phenological development of bean plants using the BBCH-scale.
The phenological growth stages and BBCH-identification keys of bean are:
| Growth stage | Code | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 0: Germination | 00 | Dry seed |
| 01 | Beginning of seed imbibition | |
| 03 | Seed imbibition complete | |
| 05 | Radicle emerged from seed | |
| 07 | Hypocotyl with cotyledons breaking through seed coat | |
| 08 | Hypocotyl reaches the soil surface; hypocotyl arch visible | |
| 09 | Emergence: hypocotyl with cotyledons break through soil surface (“cracking stage”) | |
| 1: Leaf development | 10 | Cotyledons completely unfolded |
| 12 | 2 full leaves (first leaf pair unfolded) | |
| 13 | 3rd true leaf (first trifoliate leaf) unfolded | |
| 1 . | Stages continuous till . . . | |
| 19 | 9 or more leaves (2 full leaves, 7 or more trifoliate) unfolded | |
| 2: Formation of side shoots | 21 | First side shoot visible |
| 22 | 2nd side shoot visible | |
| 23 | 3rd side shoot visible | |
| 2 . | Stages continuous till . . . | |
| 29 | 9 or more side shoots visible | |
| 5: Inflorescence emergence | 51 | First flower buds visible |
| 55 | First flower buds enlarged | |
| 59 | First petals visible, flowers still closed | |
| 6: Flowering | 60 | First flowers open (sporadically within the population) |
| 61 | Beginning of flowering: 10% of flowers open1 Beginning of flowering2 | |
| 62 | 20% of flowers open1 | |
| 63 | 30% of flowers open1 | |
| 64 | 40% of flowers open1 | |
| 65 | Full flowering: 50% of flowers open1 Main flowering period2 | |
| 67 | Flowering finishing: majority of petals fallen or dry1 | |
| 69 | End of flowering: first pods visible1 | |
| 7: Development of fruit | 71 | 10% of pods have reached typical length1
Beginning of pot development2 |
| 72 | 20% of pods have reached typical length1 | |
| 73 | 30% of pods have reached typical length1 | |
| 74 | 40% of pods have reached typical length1 | |
| 75 | 50% of pods have reached typical length,
beans beginning to fill out1 Main pod development period2 | |
| 76 | 60% of pods have reached typical length1 | |
| 77 | 70% of pods have reached typical length, pods still break cleanly1 | |
| 78 | 80% of pods have reached typical length1 | |
| 79 | Pods: individual beans easily visible1 | |
| 8: Ripening of fruit and seed | 81 | 10% of pods ripe (beans hard)1 Seeds beginning to mature2 |
| 82 | 20% of pods ripe (beans hard)1 | |
| 83 | 30% of pods ripe (beans hard)1 | |
| 84 | 40% of pods ripe (beans hard)1 | |
| 85 | 50% of pods ripe (beans hard)1 Main period of ripening2 | |
| 86 | 60% of pods ripe (beans hard)1 | |
| 87 | 70% of pods ripe (beans hard)1 | |
| 88 | 80% of pods ripe (beans hard)1 | |
| 89 | Fully ripe: pods ripe (beans hard)1 | |
| 9: Senescence | 97 | Plants dead |
| 99 | Harvested product | |
1 For varieties with limited flowering period
2 For varieties in which the flowering period is not limited
References
Feller, C.; H. Bleiholder; L. Buhr; H. Hack; M. Hess; R. Klose; U. Meier; R. Stauss; T. van den Boom; E. Weber (1995). "Phänologische Entwicklungsstadien von Gemüsepflanzen: II. Fruchtgemüse und Hülsenfrüchte. Nachrichtenbl. Deut". Pflanzenschutzd. 47: 217–232.
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