Assembly bonus effect

First proposed in 1965[1] an assembly bonus effect requires demonstration of group performance which exceeds the combined contributions of individual group members.[2] There is evidence for both task-specific assembly bonus effects,[3] and a general effect of collective intelligence,[4] analogous to that of general intelligence.

References

Collins, Barry E.; Guetzkow, Harold Steere (1964). A social psychology of group processes for decision-making. Wiley. p. 272.
Propp, Kathleen M. (2003). "In Search of the Assembly Bonus Effect". Human Communication Research. 29 (4): 600–606. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2958.2003.tb00858.x. ISSN 1468-2958.
Laughlin, Patrick R.; Hatch, Erin C.; Silver, Jonathan S.; Boh, Lee (2006). "Groups Perform Better Than the Best Individuals on Letters-to-Numbers Problems: Effects of Group Size". Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 90 (4): 644–651. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.90.4.644. ISSN 0022-3514. PMID 16649860.
Woolley, A. W.; Chabris, C. F.; Pentland, A.; Hashmi, N.; Malone, T. W. (2010-10-29). "Evidence for a Collective Intelligence Factor in the Performance of Human Groups". Science. 330 (6004): 686–688. doi:10.1126/science.1193147. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 20929725.

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[1] Collins, Barry E.; Guetzkow, Harold Steere (1964). A social psychology of group processes for decision-making. Wiley. p. 272.

[2] Propp, Kathleen M. (2003). "In Search of the Assembly Bonus Effect". Human Communication Research. 29 (4): 600–606. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2958.2003.tb00858.x. ISSN 1468-2958.

[3] Laughlin, Patrick R.; Hatch, Erin C.; Silver, Jonathan S.; Boh, Lee (2006). "Groups Perform Better Than the Best Individuals on Letters-to-Numbers Problems: Effects of Group Size". Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 90 (4): 644–651. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.90.4.644. ISSN 0022-3514. PMID 16649860.

[4] Woolley, A. W.; Chabris, C. F.; Pentland, A.; Hashmi, N.; Malone, T. W. (2010-10-29). "Evidence for a Collective Intelligence Factor in the Performance of Human Groups". Science. 330 (6004): 686–688. doi:10.1126/science.1193147. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 20929725.