Argos (EGFR Inhibitor)

Argos is a secreted protein that is an inhibitor of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) pathway in Drosophila melanogaster.[1][2] Argos inhibits the EGFR pathway by sequestering the EGFR ligand Spitz. Argos binds the epidermal growth factor domain of Spitz, preventing interaction between Spitz and EGFR. Argos does not directly interact with EGFR.[3] Argos represents the first example of ligand sequestration as a mechanism of inhibition in the ErbB (EGFR) family.

Protein giant-lens
Identifiers
OrganismDrosophila melanogaster
SymbolArgos
Alt. symbolsaos, gil, sty
PDB3C9A
RefSeq (mRNA)NM_079383.3
RefSeq (Prot)NP_524107.2
UniProtQ00805

Function

Argos is secreted from cells in D. melanogaster. Outside the cell, it binds the EGFR-activator Spitz, preventing it from binding and activating EGFR.[3] Drosophila with mutations that inactivate Argos have deformed eyes with extra photoreceptors and a small optic lobe due to disruption of EGFR's role in eye development.[1] The name of the gene derives from the phenotype of mutant flies with eye defects and refers to Argus Panoptes.

Structure

Crystallographic studies have revealed that Argos does not contain an EGF domain as originally expected.[4] Rather, Argos is composed of 3 separate domains that have homology to one another, termed the Argos domain. The Argos domain has features in common with the three finger toxin fold that is found in a number of proteins including TGF beta receptors and the urokinase (uPA) receptor.

See also
  • EGFR inhibitor

References
  1. Freeman M, Klämbt C, Goodman CS, Rubin GM (June 1992). "The argos gene encodes a diffusible factor that regulates cell fate decisions in the Drosophila eye". Cell. 69 (6): 963–75. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(92)90615-j. PMID 1606617.
  2. Schweitzer R, Howes R, Smith R, Shilo BZ, Freeman M (August 1995). "Inhibition of Drosophila EGF receptor activation by the secreted protein Argos". Nature. 376 (6542): 699–702. Bibcode:1995Natur.376..699S. doi:10.1038/376699a0. PMID 7651519.
  3. Klein DE, Nappi VM, Reeves GT, Shvartsman SY, Lemmon MA (August 2004). "Argos inhibits epidermal growth factor receptor signalling by ligand sequestration". Nature. 430 (7003): 1040–4. Bibcode:2004Natur.430.1040K. doi:10.1038/nature02840. PMID 15329724.
  4. Klein DE, Stayrook SE, Shi F, Narayan K, Lemmon MA (June 2008). "Structural basis for EGFR ligand sequestration by Argos". Nature. 453 (7199): 1271–5. Bibcode:2008Natur.453.1271K. doi:10.1038/nature06978. PMC 2526102. PMID 18500331.
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