Arctoparmelia separata
Arctoparmelia separata, commonly known as the rippled ring lichen, is a species of foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae with a roughly circumpolar distribution.
Arctoparmelia separata | |
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Scientific classification ![]() | |
Kingdom: | Fungi |
Division: | Ascomycota |
Class: | Lecanoromycetes |
Order: | Lecanorales |
Family: | Parmeliaceae |
Genus: | Arctoparmelia |
Species: | A. separata |
Binomial name | |
Arctoparmelia separata | |
Synonyms | |
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Taxonomy
The lichen was first described scientifically by Theodor Magnus Fries in 1879 as a species of Parmelia.[1] Mason Hale transferred it to Xanthoparmelia in 1974.[2] In 1986, Hale segregated five Xanthoparmelia species to the newly-created genus Arctoparmelia in 1986. This group of species, including X. separata, is characterized by the velvety, ivory-white to purplish colour of the lower surface of the thallus, the presence of alectoronic acid, and a geographical range restricted to arctic or boreal locations.[3] Arctoparmelia separata is commonly known as the rippled ring lichen.[4]
Description
Arctoparmelia separata resembles the more common Arctoparmelia centrifuga, but is distinguished from that species by the dull mouse-grey colour of its lower surface, and its thicker and more rigid thallus,[4] and its long lobes that are divaricately branched. The lichen has an incompletely circumpolar distribution. It has been recorded from northern North America,[4] Greenland,[5] and Japan, and Siberia west to Novaya Zemlya.[3] It has not been recorded in continental Europe.[6]
References
- Fries, Theodor M. (1879). "On the lichens collected during the English Polar Expedition of 1875–76". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 17 (102): 353. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.1879.tb00444.x.
- Hale, M.E. (1974). "Bulbothrix, Parmelina, Relicina and Xanthoparmelia, four new genera in the Parmeliaceae". Phytologia. 28 (5): 479–490.
- Hale, Mason E. (1986). "Arctoparmelia, a new lichen genus in the Parmeliaceae". Mycotaxon. 25 (1): 251–254.
- Brodo, Irwin M.; Sharnoff, Sylvia Duran; Sharnoff, Stephen (2001). Lichens of North America. Yale University Press. p. 147. ISBN 978-0300082494.
- Hansen, Eric S. (2000). "A contribution to the lichen flora of the Kangerlussuaq area, West Greenland". Cryptogamie Mycologie. 21 (1): 53–59. doi:10.1016/S0181-1584(00)00104-4.
- Vitikainen, O.; Dudoreva, T. (2003). "Arctoparmelia subcentrifuga new to Europe" (PDF). Graphis Scripta. 14.