Amalgamated Engineering Union

Amalgamated Engineering Union
Founded	1920
Date dissolved	1 May 1992
Merged into	Amalgamated Engineering and Electrical Union
Members	1,483,400 (1979)[1]
Journal	AUEW Journal
Affiliation	TUC, CSEU, IMF, Labour
Office location	110 Peckham Road, London
Country	United Kingdom

The Amalgamated Engineering Union (AEU) was a major British trade union. It merged with the Electrical, Electronic, Telecommunications and Plumbing Union to form the Amalgamated Engineering and Electrical Union in 1992.

History

The history of the union can be traced back to the formation of the Journeymen Steam Engine, Machine Makers' and Millwrights' Friendly Society, in 1826, popularly known as the "Old Mechanics". They invited a large number of other unions to become part of what became the Amalgamated Society of Engineers (ASE).[2]

In 1920, the ASE put out a fresh call for other unions to merge with it in a renamed Amalgamated Engineering Union (AEU). Seventeen unions balloted their members on a possible merger, and nine voted in favour of amalgamation:[2]

Amalgamated Association of Brass Turners, Fitters, Finishers and Coppersmiths
Amalgamated Instrument Makers' Society
Amalgamated Society of General Tool Makers, Engineers and Machinists
East of Scotland Brass Founders' Society
London United Metal Turners', Fitters' and Finishers' Society
North of England Brass Turners', Fitters' and Finishers' Society
Steam Engine Makers' Society (SEM)
United Kingdom Society of Amalgamated Smiths and Strikers
United Machine Workers' Association

The resulting union had a membership of 450,000,[3] about 300,000 coming from the ASE.[4]

Jack Leckie, a Scottish trade union activist and communist, addressing a rally at Radford Road, Coventry, during the 1922 Engineers' Lockout.

In 1922 employers, represented by the Engineering Employers' Federation, launched an industry-wide lockout in an attempt to reverse the gains made by the AEU during WWI and its aftermath.[3] Exploiting the downturn in economic conditions in the engineering industry, they demanded the union forfeit control over overtime. The lockout lasted from 11 March to 13 June and involved 260,000 workers, 90,000 of them represented by the AEU. The lockout ended with the union conceding some of the employers' demands.[3]

The AEU continued to grow and absorb smaller unions. From 1926, it accepted members who had not completed an apprenticeship. In 1933, it had 168,000 members, and 390,900 by the end of the decade. Its largest membership growth came during the Second World War when its all-male membership voted to admit women for the first time and 100,000 joined almost immediately, membership reaching 825,000 by 1943.[1] However, the AEU also lost its overseas branches in Australia, New Zealand and South Africa, which became independent unions.

The AEU merged with the Amalgamated Union of Foundry Workers (AUFW) on 1 January 1968 to form the Amalgamated Union of Engineering and Foundry Workers (AEF), and with the Draughtsmen and Allied Technicians' Association (DATA) and Constructional Engineering Union in 1971 to form the Amalgamated Union of Engineering Workers (AUEW). The union was now organised on a federal basis, with four sections: Engineering, Foundry, Construction, and Technical, Administrative and Supervisory (TASS). This approach was not a success, as the various sections fell into dispute with each other. In 1984, the Engineering, Foundry and Construction Sections were merged and in 1986 adopted the name Amalgamated Engineering Union once more, while the TASS remained separate and, in 1988, it became entirely independent of the union once more.[5]

Despite this series of amalgamations, declines in the number of workers in heavy industry saw membership drop from a peak of 1,483,400 in 1979, to 858,000 in 1986.[1] The AEU became a mainstay of the moderate right in the trade union movement through the 1980s and 1990s, leading the manufacturing unions in 1989–1991 in a successful push for a shorter working week, but failing to merge with a number of unions, notally the building workers union UCATT.

In 1992 the AEU finally achieved a merger with the Electrical, Electronic, Telecommunications and Plumbing Union, EETPU, after a hundred years of off and on discussions. [6] The new union took the name Amalgamated Engineering and Electrical Union.[7]

Elections results

Like the ASE before it, the AEU affiliated to the Labour Party, sponsoring candidates at each election, many of whom won seats in Parliament.

Election	Constituency	Candidate	Votes	Percentage	Position
1922 general election	Aberdeen North	Frank Herbert Rose	10,958	55.7	1[8]
	Ashton-under-Lyne	Tom Gillinder	8,834	42.4	2[8]
	Basingstoke	Samuel Ledbury	3,035	13.6	3[8]
	Camborne	Tom Proctor	4,502	21.9	3[8]
	Dumbarton Burghs	David Kirkwood	16,397	64.5	1[8]
	Edmonton	Frank Broad	8,407	45.1	1[8]
	Gateshead	John Brotherton	18,795	43.8	1[8]
	Newcastle upon Tyne West	David Adams	11,654	43.9	1[8]
	Newton	Robert Young	12,312	55.6	1[8]
	Plymouth Drake	James Gorman	8,359	31.4	2[8]
	Rochdale	Stanley Burgess	15,774	38.8	1[8]
	Stalybridge and Hyde	Percy Horace Wood	7,578	21.6	3[8]
	The Wrekin	Richard Edward Jones	10,603	47.6	2[9]
	Woolwich West	John Thomas Sheppard	9,550	39.8	2[8]
	Yeovil	William Kelly	9,581	38.3	2[8]
1923 general election	Aberdeen North	Frank Herbert Rose	9,138	50.6	1[10]
	Edmonton	Frank Broad	10,735	64.4	1[10]
	Gateshead	John Brotherton	16,689	41.1	2[10]
	Newcastle upon Tyne West	David Adams	11,527	43.2	2[10]
	Newton	Robert Young	12,492	59.9	1 [10]
	Rochdale	Stanley Burgess	13,525	32.6	2[10]
1924 general election	Dumbarton Burghs	David Kirkwood	14,562	59.2	1[11]
	Edmonton	Frank Broad	11,614	53.1	1[11]
	Newton	Robert Young	12,875	56.1	1[11]
1929 general election	Dartford	John Edmund Mills	26,871	50.6	1[12]
	Dumbarton Burghs	David Kirkwood	19,193	63.1	1[12]
	Edmonton	Frank Broad	17,555	59.3	1[12]
	Newton	Robert Young	18,176	60.5	1[12]
1931 by-election	Sunderland	James Thomas Brownlie	30,074	39.8	2[13]
1931 general election	Barrow	David Adams	15,835	43.2	2[14]
1935 general election	Consett	David Adams	25,419	58.7	1[15]
	Dumbarton Burghs	David Kirkwood	20,409	65.2	1[15]
	Newton	Robert Young	19,992	58.5	1[15]
1945 general election	Aberdeen South	William McLaine	17,398	42.3	2[16]
	Dumbarton Burghs	David Kirkwood	16,262	65.2	1[16]
	Manchester Hulme	Frederick Lee	12,034	55.6	1[16]
	Newton	Robert Young	25,197	62.0	1[16]
1948 by-election	Edmonton	Austen Albu	26,164	53.4	1[17]
1949 by-election	Leeds West	Charles Pannell	21,935	55.2	1[17]
1950 general election	Bury and Radcliffe	John Owen	25,705	44.4	2[18]
	East Dunbartonshire	David Kirkwood	25,943	52.7	1[18]
	Edmonton	Austen Albu	34,897	55.1	1[18]
	Hayes and Harlington	Walter Ayles	22,490	60.1	1[18]
	Keighley	Charles Hobson	21,833	48.5	1[18]
	Leeds West	Charles Pannell	21,339	51.6	1[18]
	Newcastle upon Tyne North	W. H. Shackleton	16,860	35.9	2[18]
	Newton	Frederick Lee	31,832	59.1	1[18]
	Rochdale	Joseph Hale	25,484	44.9	1[18]
	Southall	George Pargiter	27,107	53.9	1[18]
1951 general election	Cirencester and Tewkesbury	Albert Sumbler	18,353	40.5	2[19]
	East Dunbartonshire	Cyril Bence	26,678	51.2	1[19]
	Edmonton	Austen Albu	36,023	58.4	1[19]
	Esher	Percy McNally	15,334	28.6	2[19]
	Glasgow Scotstoun	John Robertson	20,872	49.3	2[19]
	Hayes and Harlington	Walter Ayles	23,823	64.8	1[19]
	Keighley	Charles Hobson	23,743	52.8	1[19]
	Leeds West	Charles Pannell	22,357	54.1	1[19]
	Newton	Frederick Lee	31,374	58.3	1[19]
	Rochdale	Joseph Hale	27,343	49.6	2[19]
	Southall	George Pargiter	29,123	57.9	1[19]
	Southend West	Henry Lyall	17,352	30.9	2[19]
	Stockport North	John Owen	20,893	44.9	2[19]
1955 general election	Barry	Dan Jones	19,722	42.1	2[20]
	Bridgwater	Albert Sumbler	17,170	40.8	2[20]
	East Dunbartonshire	Cyril Bence	24,216	48.7	1[20]
	Edmonton	Austen Albu	30,232	56.6	1[20]
	Glasgow Woodside	John McGinley	15,543	43.9	2[20]
	High Peak	Neil McBride	13,652	34.6	2[20]
	Keighley	Charles Hobson	19,414	46.5	1[20]
	Leeds West	Charles Pannell	24,576	52.8	1[20]
	Newton	Frederick Lee	29,299	57.9	1[20]
	Rochdale	Jack McCann	24,928	48.5	2[20]
	Southall	George Pargiter	25,207	57.2	1[20]
	Stockport South	Ernie Roberts	16,612	44.5	2[20]
1958 by-election	Rochdale	Jack McCann	22,133	44.7	1[21]
1959 general election	Burnley	Dan Jones	27,675	57.0	1[21]
	Doncaster	Ted Garrett	22,935	46.4	2[21]
	East Dunbartonshire	Cyril Bence	27,942	51.1	1[21]
	Edmonton	Austen Albu	25,598	50.5	1[21]
	Glasgow Scotstoun	William Small	24,690	53.7	1[21]
	Glasgow Woodside	John McGinley	14,483	43.1	2[21]
	High Peak	Bernard Conlan	13,827	34.0	2[21]
	Keighley	Charles Hobson	20,456	49.8	2[21]
	Leeds West	Charles Pannell	25,878	54.9	1[21]
	Newton	Frederick Lee	31,041	57.4	1[21]
	Oxford	Leslie Anderton	18,310	34.8	2[21]
	Rochdale	Jack McCann	21,689	41.5	1[21]
	Southall	George Pargiter	22,285	52.7	1[21]
	South Northamptonshire	Arthur Richardson	18,292	43.0	2[21]
	Stockport South	Stan Orme	17,982	46.7	2[21]
1963 by-election	Swansea East	Neil McBride	18,909	61.1	1
1964 general election	Bradford North	Ben Ford	17,905	43.6	1[22]
	Bristol North West	David Watkins	21,030	42.9	2[22]
	Burnley	Dan Jones	25,244	56.8	1[22]
	Doncaster	Harold Walker	23,845	49.9	1[22]
	East Dunbartonshire	Cyril Bence	32,948	55.6	1[22]
	Edmonton	Austen Albu	24,373	49.2	1[22]
	Gateshead East	Bernard Conlan	26,633	64.5	1[22]
	Glasgow Scotstoun	William Small	27,036	61.6	1[22]
	Keighley	John Binns	17,816	43.0	1[22]
	Leeds West	Charles Pannell	22,968	50.5	1[22]
	Newton	Frederick Lee	32,932	56.0	1[22]
	Paisley	John Robertson	26,318	52.9	1[22]
	Rochdale	Jack McCann	22,927	46.7	1[22]
	Salford West	Stan Orme	20,490	55.5	1[22]
	Southall	George Pargiter	18,041	48.0	1[22]
	Swansea East	Neil McBride	30,904	73.0	1[22]
	Tottenham	Norman Atkinson	19,458	54.7	1[22]
	Truro	Douglas Grazier	14,224	31.5	2[22]
	Wallsend	Ted Garrett	39,841	60.4	1[22]
1966 general election	Bradford North	Ben Ford	21,727	55.4	1[23]
	Burnley	Dan Jones	25,583	60.4	1[23]
	Consett	David Watkins	29,753	73.3	1[23]
	Doncaster	Harold Walker	25,777	56.7	1[23]
	East Dunbartonshire	Cyril Bence	32,988	52.2	1[23]
	Edmonton	Austen Albu	26,422	58.6	1[23]
	Gateshead East	Bernard Conlan	27,628	69.6	1[23]
	Glasgow Scotstoun	William Small	27,320	61.8	1[23]
	Keighley	John Binns	22,039	55.0	1[23]
	Leeds West	Charles Pannell	24,391	56.3	1[23]
	Newton	Frederick Lee	36,901	62.8	1[23]
	Paisley	John Robertson	28,074	60.0	1[23]
	Rochdale	Jack McCann	24,481	52.4	1[23]
	Salford West	Stan Orme	19,237	59.2	1[23]
	Swansea East	Neil McBride	30,290	75.4	1[23]
	Tottenham	Norman Atkinson	17,367	65.3	1[23]
	Wallsend	Ted Garrett	39,744	65.2	1[23]
1970 general election	Aberdeen North	Robert Hughes	27,707	62.1	1[24]
	Bradford North	Ben Ford	20,141	52.1	1[24]
	Burnley	Dan Jones	24,200	57.0	1[24]
	Consett	David Watkins	28,985	70.9	1[24]
	Doncaster	Harold Walker	22,658	50.7	1[24]
	Edmonton	Austen Albu	20,626	49.1	1[24]
	Gateshead East	Bernard Conlan	28,524	64.8	1[24]
	Glasgow Scotstoun	William Small	26,492	57.4	1[24]
	Keighley	John Binns	20,341	49.3	2[24]
	Leeds West	Charles Pannell	21,618	51.8	1[24]
	Louth	James Murray	16,403	33.9	2[24]
	Merthyr Tydfil	Taliesin Lloyd	9,234	28.7	2[24]
	Newton	Frederick Lee	34,873	52.5	1[24]
	Paisley	John Robertson	25,429	54.1	1[24]
	Rochdale	Jack McCann	19,247	41.6	1[24]
	Salford West	Stan Orme	16,986	54.3	1[24]
	South Northamptonshire	Gordon Roberts	21,131	37.2	2[24]
	South West Norfolk	Leslie Potter	16,572	42.7	2[24]
	Swansea East	Neil McBride	28,183	68.5	1[24]
	Tottenham	Norman Atkinson	17,367	61.3	1[24]
	Wallsend	Ted Garrett	39,065	61.3	1[24]
1973 by-election	Dundee East	George Machin	14,411	32.7	1[25]
1974 Feb general election	Aberdeen North	Robert Hughes	23,193	47.7	1[26]
	Bradford North	Ben Ford	22,381	43.3	1[26]
	Bridgwater	Roger Undy	16,786	29.5	2[26]
	Burnley	Dan Jones	21,108	50.4	1[26]
	Carlton	James Murray	20,147	33.5	2[26]
	Chorley	George Rodgers	25,440	40.3	1[26]
	Consett	David Watkins	27,401	61.1	1[26]
	Coventry North East	George Park	30,496	63.9	1[26]
	Doncaster	Harold Walker	23,041	47.9	1[26]
	Dundee East	George Machin	17,100	33.7	2[26]
	Gateshead East	Bernard Conlan	27,269	55.2	1[26]
	Glasgow Garscadden	William Small	21,035	52.3	1[26]
	Gloucester	Alf Pegler	18,215	35.2	2[26]
	Leeds West	Joseph Dean	19,436	42.1	1[26]
	Newton	John Evans	38,369	49.3	1[26]
	Paisley	John Robertson	23,820	48.4	1[26]
	St Pancras North	Jock Stallard	14,761	52.8	1[26]
	Salford West	Stan Orme	16,808	51.3	1[26]
	Swansea East	Neil McBride	28,537	66.3	1[26]
	Tottenham	Norman Atkinson	16,999	54.8	1[26]
	Wallsend	Ted Garrett	41,811	62.0	1[26]
1974 Oct general election	Aberdeen North	Robert Hughes	23,130	50.9	1[25]
	Bradford North	Ben Ford	22,841	49.1	1[25]
	Burnley	Dan Jones	21,642	54.8	1[25]
	Chorley	George Rodgers	27,290	44.1	1[25]
	Consett	David Watkins	27,123	67.0	1[25]
	Coventry North East	George Park	26,489	59.5	1[25]
	Doncaster	Harold Walker	22,177	51.3	1[25]
	Dundee East	George Machin	15,137	32.7	2[25]
	Gateshead East	Bernard Conlan	27,620	61.9	1[25]
	Glasgow Garscadden	William Small	19,737	50.9	1[25]
	Leeds West	Joseph Dean	20,669	49.6	1[25]
	Newton	John Evans	38,956	53.3	1[25]
	Paisley	John Robertson	21,368	44.8	1[25]
	Rochdale	John Connell	17,339	36.8	2[25]
	St Pancras North	Jock Stallard	14,155	58.5	1[25]
	Salford West	Stan Orme	17,112	57.2	1[25]
	Tottenham	Norman Atkinson	15,708	58.8	1[25]
	Wallsend	Ted Garrett	37,180	58.1	1[25]
1979 general election	Aberdeen North	Robert Hughes	26,771	59.3	1[27]
	Bradford North	Ben Ford	25,069	50.9	1[27]
	Burnley	Dan Jones	20,172	50.8	1[27]
	Chorley	George Rodgers	28,546	43.0	2[27]
	Consett	David Watkins	26,708	61.3	1[27]
	Coventry North East	George Park	27,010	57.3	1[27]
	Doncaster	Harold Walker	22,184	48.9	1[27]
	Gateshead East	Bernard Conlan	28,776	61.2	1[27]
	Hackney North and Stoke Newington	Ernie Roberts	14,688	51.6	1[27]
	Kilmarnock	William McKelvey	25,718	52.6	1[27]
	Leeds West	Joseph Dean	21,290	49.4	1[27]
	Manchester Blackley	Ken Eastham	20,346	50.4	1[27]
	Newton	John Evans	41,466	51.4	1[27]
	Rochdale	John Connell	16,878	34.3	2[27]
	St Pancras North	Jock Stallard	14,556	54.2	1[27]
	Salford West	Stan Orme	18,411	61.5	1[27]
	Tottenham	Norman Atkinson	16,299	56.9	1[27]
	Wallsend	Ted Garrett	38,214	55.1	1[27]
1983 general election	Aberdeen North	Robert Hughes	19,262	47.0	1[28]
	Coventry North East	George Park	22,190	47.8	1[28]
	Doncaster Central	Harold Walker	21,154	42.0	1[28]
	Edinburgh Leith	Ron Brown	16,177	39.7	1
	Gateshead East	Bernard Conlan	22,981	48.3	1[28]
	Hackney North and Stoke Newington	Ernie Roberts	18,989	52.0	1[28]
	Kilmarnock and Loudoun	William McKelvey	20,250	43.6	1[28]
	Leeds West	Joseph Dean	15,860	34.0	2
	Manchester Blackley	Ken Eastham	20,132	48.1	1
	St Helens North	John Evans	25,334	47.9	1
	Salford East	Stan Orme	21,373	53.7	1
	Tottenham	Norman Atkinson	22,423	52.0	1[28]
	Wallsend	Ted Garrett	26,615	50.1	1
1985 by-election	Tyne Bridge	David Clelland	13,517	57.8	1
1986 by-election	Knowsley North	George Howarth	17,403	56.3	1
1987 general election	Aberdeen North	Robert Hughes	24,145	54.7	1
	Bury North	David Crausby	21,186	37.8	2[29]
	Caithness and Sutherland	Allan Byron	3,437	14.9	3[29]
	Doncaster Central	Harold Walker	26,266	51.2	1[29]
	Edinburgh Leith	Ron Brown	21,104	49.3	1[29]
	Feltham and Heston	Charles Hinds	22,325	37.4	2[29]
	Glasgow Pollok	Jimmy Dunnachie	23,239	63.1	1[29]
	Kilmarnock and Loudoun	William McKelvey	23,713	48.5	1
	Knowsley North	George Howarth	27,454	69.9	1[29]
	Manchester Blackley	Ken Eastham	22,476	52.4	1[29]
	St Helens North	John Evans	28,989	53.7	1[29]
	Salford East	Stan Orme	22,555	58.8	1[29]
	Sheffield Central	Richard Caborn	25,872	67.7	1[29]
	Sheffield Heeley	Bill Michie	28,425	53.4	1[29]
	Tyne Bridge	David Clelland	23,131	63.0	1[29]
	Wallsend	Ted Garrett	32,709	56.8	1[29]
1992 general election	Aberdeen North	Robert Hughes	18,845	47.0	1
	Bolton North East	David Crausby	21,459	44.5	2
	Doncaster Central	Harold Walker	27,795	54.3	1
	Glasgow Pollok	Jimmy Dunnachie	14,170	43.4	1
	Kilmarnock and Loudoun	William McKelvey	22,210	44.8	1
	Knowsley North	George Howarth	27,517	77.5	1
	Manchester Blackley	Ken Eastham	23,031	60.2	1
	Rotherham	Jimmy Boyce	27,933	63.9	1
	Salford East	Stan Orme	20,327	60.0	1
	Sheffield Central	Richard Caborn	22,764	68.7	1
	Sheffield Heeley	Bill Michie	28,005	55.7	1
	St Helens North	John Evans	31,930	57.9	1
	Tyne Bridge	David Clelland	22,328	67.2	1

Leadership

General Secretaries

AEU: 1921: Albert Smethurst; 1933: Fred A. Smith; 1943: Benjamin Gardner; 1956: Cecil Hallett; 1965: Jim Conway
AEF/AUEW

Year	Construction	Engineering	Foundry	TASS
1968	Created 1971	Jim Conway	William Simpson	Created 1971
1971	Eddie Marsden		William Simpson	George Doughty
1974			Bob Garland	Ken Gill
1975		John Boyd
1976	John Baldwin	John Boyd
1982	John Baldwin	Gavin Laird
1984	Gavin Laird

AEU: 1988: Gavin Laird

Presidents

1920: James Thomas Brownlie

1931: William Harold Hutchinson

1933: John C. Little

1939: Jack Tanner

1953: Robert Openshaw

1956: William Carron

1968: Hugh Scanlon

1978: Terry Duffy

1986: Bill Jordan

References

James C. Docherty and Sjaak van der Velden, Historical Dictionary of Organized Labor, pp.24-25
Arthur Marsh and Victoria Ryan, Historical Directory of British Trade Unions, vol.3, pp.12-16
Haydu, Jeffrey (1988). Between Craft and Class: Skilled Workers and Factory Politics in the United States and Britain, 1890-1922. University of California Press. p. 168. ISBN 9780520060609.
Jefferys, James B. (1970). The Story of the Engineers. Edinburgh: Reprints in Social and Economic History. p. 171–191.
Chris Cook, The Routledge Guide to British Political Archives: Sources since 1945, pp.223-224
Lloyd, John (1990). Light and Liberty: A History of EEPTU. Weidenfeld and Nicolson. ISBN 9780297796626.
Smethurst, John B.; Carter, Peter (2009). Historical Directory of Trade Unions: Including unions in building and construction, agriculture, fishing, chemicals, wood and woodworking, transport, engineering and metalworking, government, civil and public service, shipbuilding, energy and extraction in the United Kingdom and Ireland. 6. Farnham, Surrey: Ashgate Publishing. ISBN 978-0-7546-6683-7. Retrieved 11 December 2013.
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Candidate was listed as sponsored but not attached to any specific constituency in: "By-elections". Candidates and Constituencies: 62–63. 1922.
Jefferys, James B. (1970). The Story of the Engineers. Edinburgh: Reprints in Social and Economic History. p. 230.
Labour Party, Annual Report of the Labour Party Conference (1928), pp.275–281. Note that this is a list of affiliations of Labour MPs as of September 1928, and it is possible that some MPs held different sponsorship as of the 1924 election.
"List of Labour Candidates and Election Results, May 30th, 1929". Report of the Annual Conference of the Labour Party: 24–44. 1929.
"Parliamentary by-elections". Report of the Annual Labour Party Conference: 16–28. 1931.
"List of Endorsed Labour candidates and election results, October 27, 1931". Report of the Annual Labour Party Conference: 11–27. 1931.
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"List of Endorsed Labour Candidates and Election Results, July 26th, 1945". Report of the Annual Conference of the Labour Party: 232–248. 1945.
Sponsor assumed to be the same as at the 1950 UK general election
"List of Parliamentary Labour candidates and election results, February 23rd, 1950". Report of the Forty-Ninth Annual Conference of the Labour Party: 179–198. 1950.
"List of Parliamentary Labour candidates and election results, 25th October, 1951". Report of the Fiftieth Annual Conference of the Labour Party: 184–203. 1951.
Labour Party, Report of the Fifty-Fourth Annual Conference of the Labour Party, pp.255-275
Labour Party, Report of the Fifty-Eighth Annual Conference of the Labour Party, pp.179-201
Labour Party, Report of the Sixty-Third Annual Conference of the Labour Party, pp.158-180
Labour Party, Report of the Sixty-Fifth Annual Conference of the Labour Party, pp.308-330
Labour Party, Report of the Sixty-Ninth Annual Conference of the Labour Party, pp.289-312
Labour Party, Report of the Seventy-Third Annual Conference of the Labour Party, pp.391-411
Labour Party, Report of the Seventy-Third Annual Conference of the Labour Party, pp.371-390
Labour Party, Report of the Seventy-Eighth Annual Conference of the Labour Party, pp.406-431
General Election Guide. BBC Data Publications. 1983. ISBN 094635815X.
"AEU sponsored MPs show the way in the general election". AEU. 1987.

External links

Catalogue of the AEU, AEF, and AUEW archives, held at the Modern Records Centre, University of Warwick
Catalogue of further AUEW archives, held at the Modern Records Centre, University of Warwick
Catalogue of the AUEW Construction Section archives, held at the Modern Records Centre, University of Warwick
Catalogue of the AEF/AUEW Foundry Section archives, held at the Modern Records Centre, University of Warwick

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[docherty-1] James C. Docherty and Sjaak van der Velden, Historical Dictionary of Organized Labor, pp.24-25

[marsh-2] Arthur Marsh and Victoria Ryan, Historical Directory of British Trade Unions, vol.3, pp.12-16

[Haydu-3] Haydu, Jeffrey (1988). Between Craft and Class: Skilled Workers and Factory Politics in the United States and Britain, 1890-1922. University of California Press. p. 168. ISBN 9780520060609.

[jefferys-4] Jefferys, James B. (1970). The Story of the Engineers. Edinburgh: Reprints in Social and Economic History. p. 171–191.

[5] Chris Cook, The Routledge Guide to British Political Archives: Sources since 1945, pp.223-224

[Lloyd-6] Lloyd, John (1990). Light and Liberty: A History of EEPTU. Weidenfeld and Nicolson. ISBN 9780297796626.

[Smethurst-7] Smethurst, John B.; Carter, Peter (2009). Historical Directory of Trade Unions: Including unions in building and construction, agriculture, fishing, chemicals, wood and woodworking, transport, engineering and metalworking, government, civil and public service, shipbuilding, energy and extraction in the United Kingdom and Ireland. 6. Farnham, Surrey: Ashgate Publishing. ISBN 978-0-7546-6683-7. Retrieved 11 December 2013.

[labour22-8] "Appendix III: List of sanctioned candidates, June, 1922". Report of the Twenty-second Annual Conference of the Labour Party: 116–126. 1922.. Note that this list is of the sanctioned candidates as of June 1922, and there were some changes between this date and the general election.

[lab22cand-9] Candidate was listed as sponsored but not attached to any specific constituency in: "By-elections". Candidates and Constituencies: 62–63. 1922.

[aeu-10] Jefferys, James B. (1970). The Story of the Engineers. Edinburgh: Reprints in Social and Economic History. p. 230.

[lab28-11] Labour Party, Annual Report of the Labour Party Conference (1928), pp.275–281. Note that this is a list of affiliations of Labour MPs as of September 1928, and it is possible that some MPs held different sponsorship as of the 1924 election.

[lab29-12] "List of Labour Candidates and Election Results, May 30th, 1929". Report of the Annual Conference of the Labour Party: 24–44. 1929.

[31by-13] "Parliamentary by-elections". Report of the Annual Labour Party Conference: 16–28. 1931.

[lab31-14] "List of Endorsed Labour candidates and election results, October 27, 1931". Report of the Annual Labour Party Conference: 11–27. 1931.

[lab35-15] "List of Endorsed Labour Candidates and Election Results, November 14, 1935". Report of the Annual Conference of the Labour Party: 8–23. 1935.

[lab45-16] "List of Endorsed Labour Candidates and Election Results, July 26th, 1945". Report of the Annual Conference of the Labour Party: 232–248. 1945.

[50prev-17] Sponsor assumed to be the same as at the 1950 UK general election

[lab50-18] "List of Parliamentary Labour candidates and election results, February 23rd, 1950". Report of the Forty-Ninth Annual Conference of the Labour Party: 179–198. 1950.

[lab51-19] "List of Parliamentary Labour candidates and election results, 25th October, 1951". Report of the Fiftieth Annual Conference of the Labour Party: 184–203. 1951.

[lab55-20] Labour Party, Report of the Fifty-Fourth Annual Conference of the Labour Party, pp.255-275

[lab59-21] Labour Party, Report of the Fifty-Eighth Annual Conference of the Labour Party, pp.179-201

[lab64-22] Labour Party, Report of the Sixty-Third Annual Conference of the Labour Party, pp.158-180

[lab66-23] Labour Party, Report of the Sixty-Fifth Annual Conference of the Labour Party, pp.308-330

[lab70-24] Labour Party, Report of the Sixty-Ninth Annual Conference of the Labour Party, pp.289-312

[laboct74-25] Labour Party, Report of the Seventy-Third Annual Conference of the Labour Party, pp.391-411

[labfeb74-26] Labour Party, Report of the Seventy-Third Annual Conference of the Labour Party, pp.371-390

[lab79-27] Labour Party, Report of the Seventy-Eighth Annual Conference of the Labour Party, pp.406-431

[bbc83-28] General Election Guide. BBC Data Publications. 1983. ISBN 094635815X.

[show-29] "AEU sponsored MPs show the way in the general election". AEU. 1987.