All-time Olympic Games medal table

• ^ANZ → ^AUS , ^NZL Australasia (ANZ) was a combined team of athletes from Australia (AUS) and New Zealand (NZL). They competed together during the 1908 and 1912 Games.
• ^BOH → ^TCH → ^CZE , ^SVK Prior to the foundation of Czechoslovakia (TCH) after World War I, athletes from Bohemia (BOH) (now part of the present-day Czech Republic) competed in 1900, 1908, and 1912 Games. Czechoslovakia competed in 1920–1992, from 1994 represented by successor NOCs of Czech Republic (CZE) and Slovakia (SVK).
• ^BWI → ^BAR , ^JAM , ^TTO Athletes from Barbados (BAR), Jamaica (JAM), and Trinidad and Tobago (TRI) competed as the British West Indies (BWI) at the 1960 Games. The West Indies Federation only existed as a nation from 1958–1962, so the constituent nations once again competed independently in 1964.
• ^SAA , ^EUA , ^GDR , ^FRG → ^GER Germany (GER) competed 1896–1952 and from 1992. Due to the partition of Germany after World War II, Germany was represented by two teams at the 1952 Games — Germany (GER) and the Saar (SAA). The Saar was reintegrated back into the Federal Republic of Germany on 1 January 1957, and Saar athletes then competed for Germany. East Germany did not contribute athletes to the 1952 team, as the National Olympic Committee for the German Democratic Republic was only granted "provisional" recognition by the IOC in 1955. For the Games of 1956–1964, Germany participated as a United Team of Germany (EUA), representing the National Olympic Committees of both West Germany and East Germany. Retrospectively, the IOC uses the country code EUA for this team. After the NOC for the German Democratic Republic was granted full recognition by the IOC in 1968, East Germany (GDR) and West Germany (FRG) competed as two independent teams from the 1968 to the 1988 Games.
• ^MAL , ^NBO → ^MAS Athletes from Malaya (MAL) and North Borneo (NBO) competed as independent teams at the 1956 Games and Malaya also competed at the 1960 Games, prior to the formation of the Federation of Malaysia (MAS) in 1963.
• ^AHO The Netherlands Antilles (AHO), an autonomous country within the Netherlands (NED), competed 1952–2008. The Netherlands Antilles Olympic Committee's membership in the IOC was withdrawn in 2011 because of the dissolution of the Netherlands Antilles.
• ^RU1 → ^URS → ^EUN → ^RUS Russian Empire (RU1) participated at the 1900, 1908 and 1912 Games prior to the World War I. Soviet Union (URS) competed from 1952 to 1988. Unified Team (EUN) is the generic name used for a combined team of six post-Soviet republics that competed at the 1992 Winter Olympics and a combined team of twelve post-Soviet republics that competed at the 1992 Summer Olympics. Russian Federation (RUS) and the other fourteen post-Soviet republics started competing independently since 1992 (Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia), 1994 or 1996.

• ^SRB , ^YUG , ^SCG Serbia (SRB, 1912, 2006–current) first participated at the Olympic Games in 1912. Yugoslavia (YUG, 1920–1992 Winter) competed as Kingdom of Yugoslavia (officially the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes until 1929) in five Games (1920–1936) before the Second World War. They later competed as Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia for the Games (1948–1992 Winter). This ended with the breakup of Yugoslavia. Some ex-Yugoslavian nations (Croatia, Slovenia, Bosnia and Herzegovina) have competed as independent teams since 1992. Individual athletes from the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (Serbia and Montenegro) competed as Independent Olympic Participants (IOP) at the 1992 Summer Games because of sanctions placed by the United Nations. Athletes representing Macedonia likewise competed as independent olympic participants because their NOC had not yet been formed. Since 1996 Macedonia has competed as independent team. The combined team Serbia and Montenegro (SCG, 2004–2006) consisted of the Republic of Serbia and the Republic of Montenegro. They competed as Yugoslavia from (YUG, 1996–2002) and then changed to State Union of Serbia and Montenegro (2004–2006). After 96 years Serbia returned to the Olympics as an independent team at the 2008 Games. Montenegro first participated as an independent team in 2008.
• ^YAR , ^YMD → ^YEM Prior to Yemeni unification in 1990, North Yemen participated as the Yemen Arab Republic (YAR) in 1984 and 1988, and South Yemen participated as the Yemen Democratic Republic (YMD) at the 1988 Games. After forming united republic Yemen (YEM) has participated since 1992.
• ^ROC → ^CHN , ^TPE The Republic of China was designated as China at the 1932, 1936, and 1948 Games and was representing all of China (including Taiwan). After the Chinese Civil War, the People's Republic of China (CHN) and Chinese Taipei (TPE) have participated as separate teams.
• ^ZZX Special code used by the IOC to refer to medals won by athletes of multiple nations competing together, which was common in early Games (1896–1904). These medals are not included in the respective totals for each nation represented by individual mixed team athletes.
• ^IOP , ^IOA , ^OAR Special codes used by the IOC for athletes whose NOC is not recognized by IOC. At the 1992 Summer Olympics fifty eight athletes from former Yugoslavia competed as Independent Olympic Participants (IOP). At the 2000 Summer Olympics four athletes from East Timor competed as Individual Olympic Athletes (IOA). At the 2012 Summer Olympics three athletes from former Netherlands Antilles and one athlete from South Sudan competed as Independent Olympic Athletes (IOA). At the 2014 Winter Olympics three athletes from India competed as Independent Olympic Participants (IOP). At the 2016 Summer Olympics nine athletes from Kuwait competed as Independent Olympic Athletes (IOA). At the 2018 Winter Olympics one hundred sixty eight athletes from Russia competed as Olympics Athletes from Russia (OAR).

• ^BIZ Belize participated under its former name of British Honduras (HBR) in 1968 and 1972.
• ^BEN Benin was known as Dahomey (DAH) in 1972.
• ^BUR Burkina Faso was known as Upper Volta (VOL) in 1972.
• ^TPE2 After the Chinese Civil War, Chinese Taipei (TPE) participated using the name of the Republic of China at the 1956, 1960, 1972 and 1976 (winter) Games and using Taiwan designation at the 1964 and 1968 Games. In 1979, the IOC started to use Chinese Taipei to refer to the NOC, a compromise that was acceptable for the People's Republic of China (CHN) that led to the start of its participation in the Olympic Games. The name Chinese Taipei was first used in 1984. Participation of the Republic of China, representing all of China (including Taiwan), in 1932, 1936 and 1948 Games are not counted in Taiwan's total participation count.
• ^COD The Democratic Republic of the Congo was known as Zaire (ZAI) between 1984 and 1996.
• ^CIV Côte d'Ivoire was known as Ivory Coast between 1964 and 1988.
• ^EGY Egypt participated as the United Arab Republic (UAR) between 1960 and 1968.
• ^GBR Includes medals won by athletes from the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (1896–1920) and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (1924–present), both of which used the name "Great Britain" and the country code GBR.

• ^GHA Prior to Ghana's independence in 1957, Gold Coast participated in the 1952 Games.
• ^GUY Prior to Guyana's independence in 1966, British Guiana participated from 1948 to 1964.
• ^HKG Totals of Hong Kong (HKG) includes all medals won by athletes representing the Hong Kong National Olympic Committee, designated as "Hong Kong" from 1952–1996 and "Hong Kong, China" since 2000.
• ^MYA Myanmar was known as Burma (BIR) between 1948 and 1988.
• ^SAM Samoa was known as Western Samoa between 1984 and 1996.
• ^SRI Sri Lanka was known as Ceylon (CEY) between 1948 and 1972.
• ^TAN Although Tanganyika and Zanzibar had already merged to form Tanzania in April 1964, the nation was designated Tanganyika in the official report of the 1964 Games.
• ^ZAM Zambia achieved independence on the last day of the 1964 Games, but had participated as Northern Rhodesia (NRH) during those Games.
• ^ZIM Prior to Zimbabwe's independence in 1980, Southern Rhodesia participated as Rhodesia (RHO) in 1928, 1960, and 1964 Games.

• ^A Brunei's participation in the 1988 Games consisted only of a single official, but no competing athletes. This participation is not counted in Brunei's participation total.
• ^B Djibouti at the 2004 Games took part in the Opening Ceremony, but neither athlete competed, so this participation is not counted in Djibouti's participation total.
• ^C Liberia's athletes withdrew from 1980 Games after marching in the Opening Ceremony and took part in the boycott. This participation is not counted in Liberia's participation total.
• ^D Libya marched in the opening ceremony of the 1964 Games, but then withdrew from competition. This participation is not counted in Libya's participation total.
• ^E Suriname at the 1960 Games took part in the Opening Ceremony, but its lone athlete withdrew from Games due to a scheduling error. Participation of Suriname at the 1960 Games not recognized by IOC, so this participation is not counted in Suriname's participation total.

• ^F India's athletes originally competed at the 2014 Games as Independent Olympic Participants and marched under the Olympic Flag during the opening ceremony due to the Indian Olympic Association's suspension. On February 11, 2014, the Indian Olympic Association was reinstated and India's athletes were allowed the option to compete under their own flag from that time onward.
• ^{Ia Ib} Does not include the participation of East Timor's and Netherlands Antilles's athletes as Individual Olympic Athletes (IOA) at the 2000 Summer Olympics and the 2012 Summer Olympics.
• ^{Za Zb Zc Zd Ze Zf Zg Zh Zi Zj Zk Zl Zm} Does not include medals won as part of mixed teams with athletes from other nations (1896–1904).

• ^H The Bulgarian Olympic Committee claims that Charles Champaud, a Swiss gymnastics teacher living in Sofia, competed for the nation in 1896. Bulgarian participation at the 1896 Games is recognized by the IOC.
• ^I The Chilean Olympic Committee claims that Luis Subercaseaux Errázuriz, a Chilean diplomat and athlete, competed for the nation in 1896. Chilean participation at the 1896 Games is recognized by the IOC.
• ^J Some sources consider Léon Thiércelin, a fencer who competed at the 1900 Games, of Haitian nationality and therefore the first Olympic appearance by Haiti. Participation of Haiti at the 1900 Games is not recognized by the IOC, so this participation is not counted in Haiti's participation total.
• ^K Some sources consider Freydoun Malkom, a fencer who competed at the 1900 Games, of Persian nationality and therefore the first Olympic appearance by Iran. Participation of Iran at the 1900 Games is not recognized by the IOC, so this participation is not counted in Iran's participation total.
• ^L Some sources consider Carlos de Candamo, a fencer who competed at the 1900 Games, of Peruvian nationality and therefore the first Olympic appearance by Peru. Participation of Peru at the 1900 Games is not recognized by the IOC, so this participation is not counted in Peru's participation total.
• ^M Enrico Brusoni's gold medal in the Cycling Men's Points Race at the 1900 Summer Olympics[10] is recognized by the Italian National Olympic Committee as well as the IOC[11] as being won in a 1900 Summer Olympics event, although some sources state it was unofficial.[12]
• ^N Monaco earned a bronze in the art competitions at the 1924 Summer Olympics.[13] However, medals in art competitions are no longer recognized by the IOC.[14]
• ^{Oa Ob} Michel Théato, a French athlete who won the gold medal in marathon at the 1900 Games, was born in Luxembourg.[4] The IOC does not recognize Luxembourg participation at the 1900 Games and attributes his medal to France.

The nationalities of many medalists at the 1904 Olympics are disputed as many competitors were recent immigrants to the United States who had not yet been granted US citizenship.

• ^{Pa Pb} Sources are inconsistent regarding Albert Corey's participation in 1904, who immigrated to the United States from France. The Games report refers to Corey as a "Frenchman wearing the colors of the Chicago Athletic Association", but the IOC attributes his medal in the marathon to the United States, and in contradiction, the medal in the four mile team race (that was won by a team of three Americans and Corey) to a mixed team composed of athletes from multiple nations instead of just the United States.[15]
• ^{Qa Qb} The International Olympic Committee considers Norwegian-American wrestlers Charles Ericksen and Bernhoff Hansen who immigrated from Norway to the United States to have competed for the United States. Each man won a gold medal.[16] In 2012, Norwegian historians however found documentation showing that Ericksen did not receive American citizenship until March 22, 1905, and that Hansen, who was registered as an "alien" (foreigner) as late as 1925, probably never received American citizenship. The historians have therefore petitioned the IOC to have the athletes registered as Norwegians.[17][18] In May 2013 it was reported that the Norwegian Olympic Committee had filed a formal application for changing the nationality of the wrestlers in the IOC's medal database.[19]
• ^R Bob Fowler, an American marathon runner who competed at the 1904 Games, was a native Newfoundlander, Newfoundland is occasionally listed as a separate country at the 1904 Olympics, and would be listed as an historical NOC without medals.[20] Participation of Newfoundland at the 1904 Games is not recognized by the IOC.
• ^S In 2009, historians from the International Society of Olympic Historians discovered that cyclist Frank Bizzoni was an Italian citizen when he competed in 1904 being granted US citizenship in 1917.[21][22] However, the IOC does not officially recognize Italy’s participation in the 1904 Olympics.
• ^Fm The IOC counts one gold, one silver, and two bronze medals won by American fencer Albertson Van Zo Post for Cuba instead of the United States. The one silver and one bronze medal won by American Charles Tatham are also counted for Cuba instead of the United States.