Albret

The lordship (seigneurie) of Albret (Labrit), situated in the Landes, gave its name to one of the most powerful feudal families of France in the Middle Ages.

Original coat of arms of the lords and dukes of Albret.
Coat of arms of the lords and dukes of Albret since the 14th century.

History

Its members distinguished themselves in the local wars of that epoch; and during the 14th century they espoused the English cause for some time, afterwards transferring their support to the side of France. [1]

Arnaud Amanieu, lord of Albret, helped to take Guienne from the English. His son Charles became constable of France, and was killed at the battle of Agincourt in 1415. Alain the Great, lord of Albret (d. 1522), wished to marry Anne of Brittany, and to that end fought against Charles VIII; but his hopes being defeated by the betrothal of Anne to Maximilian of Austria, he surrendered Nantes to the French in 1486.[1]

At that time the house of Albret had attained considerable territorial importance, due in great part to the liberal grants which it had obtained from successive kings of France. John of Albret, son of Alain, became king of Navarre by his marriage with Catherine of Foix. Their son Henry II, king of Navarre, was created duke of Albret and peer of France in 1550. By his wife Marguerite d'Angoulême, sister of Francis I, Henry II had a daughter, Jeanne d'Albret, queen of Navarre, who married Anthony de Bourbon, duke of Vendôme, and became the mother of Henry IV, king of France.[1]

The dukedom of Albret, united to the crown of France by the accession of this prince, was granted to the family of La Tour d'Auvergne (see duc de Bouillon) in 1651, in exchange for Sedan and Raucourt.[1]

To a younger branch of this house belonged Jean d'Albret, seigneur of Orval, count of Dreux and of Rethel, governor of Champagne (d. 1524), who was employed by Francis I in many diplomatic negotiations, more particularly in his intrigues to get himself elected emperor in 1519.[1]

List of the Historical Bible (c. 1355) with d'Albret coat of arms in the corners and a signature of Jeanne d'Albret.

Lords of Albret
Genealogy of the Lords and Dukes of Albret.jpg

Armorial
Figure blasonnement
Lords d'Albret

De gueules plain[11].

counts d'Albret, 14th century

écartelé en 1 et 4 d'azur aux trois fleurs de lys d'or et en 2 et 3 de gueules[11].

Kings of Navarre

parti de deux et coupé d'un : 1, de gueules aux chaînes d'or posées en orle, en croix et en sautoir, chargées en cœur d'une émeraude au naturel ; en 2, contre-écartelé en 1 et 4 d'azur aux trois fleurs de lys d'or et en 2 et 3 de gueules ; en 3, d'or aux quatre pals de gueules; en 4, contre-écartelé en 1 et 4 d'or aux trois pals de gueules, en 2 et 3 d'or aux deux vaches de gueules, accornées, colletées et clarinées d'azur, passant l'une sur l'autre ; en 5, d'azur semé de fleurs de lys d'or à la bande componée d'argent et de gueules ; et en 6, contre-écartelé en sautoir d'or aux quatre pals de gueules et de gueules au château d'or ouvert et ajouré d'azur et d'argent au lion de gueules armé, lampassé et couronné d'or ; sur-le-tout d'or aux deux lions léopardés de gueules, armés et lampassés d'azur, passant l'un sur l'autre[12] · [11].

lords of Orval

de gueules à la bordure engrélée d'argent et au bâton de sable péri en barre[11].

écartelé, au premier et au quatrième d’azur à trois fleurs de lys d'or, au deuxième et au troisième de gueules à la bordure engrêlée d’argent[13]

counts of Rethel

coupé en 1 écartelé en 1 et 4 d'azur aux trois fleurs de lys d'or et en 2 et 3 de gueules et en 2 d'azur semé de fleurs de lys d'or à la bordure componée d'argent et de gueules[14].

See also

Citations
  1. Prinet 1911.
  2. Anselme et al. 1730, p. 206.
  3. Marquette 2010, p. 30.
  4. Luchaire 1872, p. 30.
  5. Marquette 2010, p. 32.
  6. Lodge 1926, p. 16.
  7. Marquette 2010, pp. 39–41.
  8. Anselme et al. 1730, p. 207.
  9. Anselme et al. 1730, p. 208.
  10. Marquette 2010, p. 81.
  11. Jean-Baptiste Rietstap, Armorial général, Gouda, G.B. van Goor zonen, 1884-1887
  12. "Héraldique européenne : royaume de Navarre". Archived from the original on 2011-09-07. Retrieved 2020-05-10.
  13. Euraldic
  14. Jeton de Marie d’Albret

References

Attribution:

  •  This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Prinet, Léon Jacques Maxime (1911). "Albret". In Chisholm, Hugh (ed.). Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
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