Aachen Treaty
The so-called Aachen Treaty, formally Treaty on Franco-German Cooperation and Integration, and also known as the Treaty of Aachen (German: Aachener Vertrag, Vertrag von Aachen, French: Traité d’Aix-la-Chapelle) is a bilateral agreement between the Federal Republic of Germany and the French Republic, which has not entered into force. It was signed by Federal Chancellor Angela Merkel and President Emmanuel Macron in the coronation hall of the Aachen City Hall on 22 January 2019.
Long name:
| |
|---|---|
 Town Hall of Aachen where the treaty was signed. | |
| Signed | 22 January 2019 |
| Location | Aachen, Germany |
| Effective | not in effect |
| Condition | Ratification by Germany and France |
| Signatories |   |
| Parties | 2 |
| Language | French and German |
 | |
History
The proposal for a renewal of the Élysée Treaty was first made by Emmanuel Macron on 26 September 2017 in his speech at the Sorbonne.[1] At the 55th anniversary of the Élysée Treaty, both Macron and Angela Merkel again spoke out in favour of deepening the cooperation in business, society, politics and technology.[2]
The coronation hall of the historic Aachen City Hall was chosen for the signing of the new treaty by President Macron and Chancellor Merkel on the Franco-German Day (22 January 2019), the 56th anniversary of the Élysée Treaty, because Aachen, as the main residence of Charlemagne (Charles the Great), represents a common history.[3]
Besides Macron and Merkel the ceremony was also attended by other high-ranking politicians, f.e. Klaus Johannis (President of Romania, chairing the Council of the European Union in the first half of 2019), Jean-Claude Juncker (European Commission President), Donald Tusk (President of the European Council) and Armin Laschet (Minister President of North Rhine-Westphalia).[4]
Contents
The Aachen Treaty consists of a total of 28 articles. The six main chapters of the treaty are labeled:
- European affairs
- Peace, security and development
- Culture, education, research and mobility
- Regional and transnational cooperation
- Sustainable development, climate, environment and economic affairs
- Organization
Among other topics the aim of the contract is to strengthen the cultural diversity (§9) as well as to align security interests of both countries. The Goethe-Institut and the Institut Français plan to jointly open cultural institutions in Erbil, Bishkek, Rio de Janeiro and Palermo on the basis of the Aachen Treaty.[5]
In addition, the contract aims to intensify the cooperation of the defense politics of both countries, including the mutual assistance in potential crisis situations.[6]
The treaty was a factor in the formation of the Franco-German Parliamentary Assembly.[7]
Critique
Several criticisms have been heard since the creation of the Treaty:
Context
Other multilateral cooperations of certain EU states include the Benelux states (1958), the Visegrád Group (1991), the Eurozone (1999), the Central European Defence Cooperation (2010) and the EU Med Group (2016).
References
- "Merkel und Macron: Neuer Freundschaftsvertrag in Aachen" (in German). Die Welt. 2019-01-08. Retrieved 2019-01-20.
- "Deutsch-französische Freundschaft: Neuer Élysée-Vertrag soll noch dieses Jahr kommen" (in German). Handelsblatt. 2018. Retrieved 2019-01-20.
- "Vertrag von Aachen: Merkel und Macron besiegeln Freundschaftspakt" (in German) (Collective ed.). Spiegel Online. 2019-01-22. Retrieved 2019-01-22.
- "Vertrag von Aachen unterzeichnet". Tagesschau.de (in German). Tagesschau. 2019-01-22. Retrieved 2019-01-31.
- "Aachener Vertrag: Einrichtung deutsch-französischer Kulturinstitute". goethe.de (in German). Goethe-Institut. 2019-01-22. Retrieved 2019-01-23.
- "Unterzeichnung in Aachen: "Unterwerfung eingeleitet": Warum manche Franzosen Vertrag mit Deutschland fürchten". focus.de (in German). Focus. January 2019. Retrieved 2019-01-24.
- "'Historic day' - French-German parliament meets". BBC News. 2019-03-25. Retrieved 2019-11-06.
- http://lavdn.lavoixdunord.fr/552456/article/2019-03-15/marine-le-pen-reitere-ses-contre-verites-sur-les-migrants-et-le-traite-d-aix-la
Further reading
- Vertrag zwischen der Bundesrepublik Deutschland und der Französischen Republik über die deutsch-französische Zusammenarbeit und Integration (PDF) (in German). 2019-01-22. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2019-01-31. Retrieved 2019-01-22.
- "Signature d'un nouveau traité de coopération et d'intégration franco-allemand" (in French). 2019-01-08. Retrieved 2019-01-31. (NB. Contains the full text of the Traité entre la République française et la République fédérale d’Allemagne sur la coopération et l’intégration franco-allemandes.)