ATP Rankings

The ATP Rankings are the method used by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) for determining the qualification for entry as well as the seeding of players in all singles and doubles tournaments.[1] They attempt to be objective and merit-based. The first rankings for singles were published on 23 August 1973 while the doubles players were ranked for the first time on 1 March 1976. Ranking points are awarded according to the stage of tournament reached, and the prestige of the tournament, with the four Grand Slams awarding the most points. The rankings are updated every Monday, and points are dropped 52 weeks after being awarded (with the exception of the ATP Finals, from which points are dropped on the Monday following the last ATP Tour event of the following year). Novak Djokovic is the current world No.1.

History

The ATP began as the men's trade union in 1972, through the combined efforts of Jack Kramer, Cliff Drysdale, and Donald Dell, and rose to prominence when 81 of its members boycotted the 1973 Wimbledon Championships.[2] Just two months later, in August, the ATP introduced its ranking system intended to objectify tournament entry criteria, which up to that point was controlled by national federations and tournament directors.[3]

The ATP's new ranking system was quickly adopted by men's tennis.[4] While virtually all ATP members were in favor of objectifying event participation, the system's first No. 1, Ilie Năstase, lamented that "everyone had a number hanging over them," fostering a more competitive and less collegial atmosphere among the players.[5]

The original ATP ranking criteria, which was then regularly published weekly only from mid-1979 and persisted through the 1980s, was based on averaging each player's results, though the details were revised a number of times.[3][4] Starting in 1990, in conjunction with the expansion of ATP purview as the new men's tour operator, the ranking criteria was replaced with a 'best of' system modeled after competitive downhill skiing.[4] This 'best of' system originally used 14 events but expanded to 18 in 2000.[4]

Overview

A player's ATP Ranking is based on the total points he accrued in the following 19 tournaments (18 if he did not qualify for the ATP Finals):

For a better result within the same tour type to be transposed one has to wait for the expiry of the first worse result from previous year. It only expires at the drop date of that tournament and only if the player reached a worse result or has not entered the current year.

Ranking points gained in a tournament are dropped 52 weeks later, with the exception of the ATP Finals, from which points are dropped on the Monday following the last ATP Tour event of the following year.[1]

The Monte-Carlo Masters 1000 became optional in 2009, but if a player chooses to participate in it, its result is counted and his fourth-best result in an ATP 500 event is ignored (his three best ATP 500 results remain). From 2009 until 2015, if a player did not play enough ATP 500 events and did not have an ATP 250 or Challenger appearance with a better result, the Davis Cup was counted in the 500's table.[7] The World Team Cup was also included before its cancellation in 2012.

For the Davis Cup, from 2009 until 2015, points were distributed for the World Group countries. Instead of having an exact drop date they were gradually updated at each phase of the competition, comparing the player's results with his results from the previous year. E.g. if a player played two matches in a semifinal but plays one the next year only that one missing match will be extracted from his points).[7]

A player who is out of competition for 30 or more days, due to a verified injury, will not receive any penalty. The ATP Finals will count as an additional 19th tournament in the ranking of its eight qualifiers at season's end.[8]

For every Grand Slam tournament or mandatory ATP Tour Masters 1000 tournament for which a player is not in the main draw, and was not (and, in the case of a Grand Slam tournament, would not have been, had he and all other players entered) a main draw direct acceptance on the original acceptance list, and never became a main draw direct acceptance, the number of his results from all other eligible tournaments in the ranking period that count for his ranking is increased by one.[1]

Once a player is accepted in the main draw of a Grand Slam tournament or ATP Tour Masters 1000 tournament,[lower-alpha 3] his result in this tournament counts for his ranking, regardless of whether he participates. A player's withdrawal from an ATP Tour 500 event, regardless of whether the withdrawal was on time, results in a zero point included as one of his best of four results. Further non-consecutive withdrawals results in a zero point allocation replacing the next best positive result for each additional withdrawal.[1]

Players with multiple consecutive withdrawals who are out of competition for 30 days or longer because of injury are not subject to a ranking penalty as long as verified and approved medical forms are provided; or, a player will not have the ranking penalty imposed if he completes the Promotional Activities requirement as specified under "Repeal of Withdrawal Fines and/or Penalties" or if the on-site withdrawal procedures apply. Players may also appeal withdrawal penalties to a Tribunal who will determine whether the penalties are affirmed or set aside.[1]

Between 2000 and 2012, ranking points were awarded based on results in the Summer Olympics. This was changed before the 2016 Olympics where no ranking points were awarded.[9]

With these rules, a player playing and winning the mandatory 4 Grand Slams and 8 ATP Masters 1000 events, a further 5 ATP 500 events and the Monte-Carlo Masters 1000 can amass a total of 19,500 points before the ATP Finals and end the calendar year with a maximum of 21,000 points. Up to day, the maximum points achieved by any player is 16,950 by Novak Djokovic, on June 6, 2016.[10]

Ranking method

Since the introduction of the ATP rankings the method used to calculate a player's ranking points has changed several times.[11][12]

Points distribution (2009 – present)

Points are awarded as follows:[13] [14]

Tournament categoryWFSFQFR16R32R64R128Q
Grand Slam2000120072036018090451025
ATP Finals+900
(1500 max)
+400
(1000 max)
(200 for each round robin match win)
(600 max)
Masters 10001000600360180904510 (25)(10)25 (12)
500 Series5003001809045(20)20 (10)
250 Series250150904520(5)12 (5)
Challenger 1251257545251051
Challenger 110110654020951
Challenger 100100603518851
Challenger 9090553317851
Challenger 8080482915731
Challenger 50503015741
Futures $25,000 +H / $25,0002012631
Futures $15,000 +H / $15,000106421
  • (ATP 1000 series) Qualifying points changes to 12 points only if the main draw is larger than 56.
  • (ATP 500 series) Qualifying points changes to 10 points only if the main draw is larger than 32
  • (ATP 250 series) Qualifying points changes to 5 points only if the main draw is larger than 32
  • Players who draw a bye in the first round in the ATP 1000 series and lose their first match in the second round are considered to have lost their first round and receive the points equivalent to first round loss. Similarly, loss in the second round of the ATP 500 series and the ATP 250 series after drawing bye in first round will result in 0 points being awarded.[15]

In addition qualifiers and main draw entry players will then also receive the points in brackets for the rounds they reached.[16]

Starting in 2016, points were no longer awarded for Davis Cup ties,[17] nor for the tennis tournament at the Summer Olympics.[18]

Current rankings

Number one ranked players

The following is a list of players who have achieved the number one position in singles since the inception of the rankings in 1973:[21]

  Active players in green
No.PlayerDate reachedTotal weeks
1 Ilie NăstaseAugust 23, 197340
2 John NewcombeJune 3, 19748
3 Jimmy ConnorsJuly 29, 1974268
4 Björn BorgAugust 23, 1977109
5 John McEnroeMarch 3, 1980170
6 Ivan LendlFebruary 28, 1983270
7 Mats WilanderSeptember 12, 198820
8 Stefan EdbergAugust 13, 199072
9 Boris BeckerJanuary 28, 199112
10 Jim CourierFebruary 10, 199258
11 Pete SamprasApril 12, 1993286
12 Andre AgassiApril 10, 1995101
13 Thomas MusterFebruary 12, 19966
14 Marcelo RíosMarch 30, 19986
15 Carlos MoyáMarch 15, 19992
16 Yevgeny KafelnikovMay 3, 19996
17 Patrick RafterJuly 26, 19991
18 Marat SafinNovember 20, 20009
19 Gustavo KuertenDecember 4, 200043
20 Lleyton HewittNovember 19, 200180
21 Juan Carlos FerreroSeptember 8, 20038
22 Andy RoddickNovember 3, 200313
23 Roger FedererFebruary 2, 2004310
24 Rafael NadalAugust 18, 2008209
25 Novak DjokovicJuly 4, 2011282
26 Andy MurrayNovember 7, 201641

Last update: 16 March 2020

Year-end number one players

Singles

Notes
a In 2009, a new point system was introduced where points were roughly doubled.

Doubles

Year-end Top 10

Year12345678910
1973 I. Năstase J. Newcombe J. Connors T. Okker S. Smith K. Rosewall M. Orantes R. Laver J. Kodeš A. Ashe
1974 J. Connors J. Newcombe B. Borg R. Laver G. Vilas T. Okker A. Ashe K. Rosewall S. Smith I. Năstase
1975 J. Connors G. Vilas B. Borg A. Ashe M. Orantes K. Rosewall I. Năstase J. Alexander R. Tanner R. Laver
1976 J. Connors B. Borg I. Năstase M. Orantes R. Ramírez G. Vilas A. Panatta H. Solomon E. Dibbs B. Gottfried
1977 J. Connors G. Vilas B. Borg V. Gerulaitis B. Gottfried E. Dibbs M. Orantes R. Ramírez I. Năstase D. Stockton
1978 J. Connors B. Borg G. Vilas J. McEnroe V. Gerulaitis E. Dibbs B. Gottfried R. Ramírez H. Solomon C. Barazzutti
1979 B. Borg J. Connors J. McEnroe V. Gerulaitis R. Tanner G. Vilas A. Ashe H. Solomon J. Higueras E. Dibbs
1980 B. Borg J. McEnroe J. Connors G. Mayer G. Vilas I. Lendl H. Solomon JL. Clerc V. Gerulaitis E. Teltscher
1981 J. McEnroe I. Lendl J. Connors B. Borg JL. Clerc G. Vilas G. Mayer E. Teltscher V. Gerulaitis P. McNamara
1982 J. McEnroe J. Connors I. Lendl G. Vilas V. Gerulaitis JL. Clerc M. Wilander G. Mayer Y. Noah P. McNamara
1983 J. McEnroe I. Lendl J. Connors M. Wilander Y. Noah J. Arias J. Higueras JL. Clerc K. Curren G. Mayer
1984 J. McEnroe J. Connors I. Lendl M. Wilander A. Gómez A. Järryd H. Sundström P. Cash E. Teltscher Y. Noah
1985 I. Lendl J. McEnroe M. Wilander J. Connors S. Edberg B. Becker Y. Noah A. Järryd M. Mečíř K. Curren
1986 I. Lendl B. Becker M. Wilander Y. Noah S. Edberg H. Leconte J. Nyström J. Connors M. Mečíř A. Gómez
1987 I. Lendl S. Edberg M. Wilander J. Connors B. Becker M. Mečíř P. Cash Y. Noah T. Mayotte J. McEnroe
1988 M. Wilander I. Lendl A. Agassi B. Becker S. Edberg K. Carlsson J. Connors J. Hlasek H. Leconte T. Mayotte
1989 I. Lendl B. Becker S. Edberg J. McEnroe M. Chang B. Gilbert A. Agassi A. Krickstein A. Mancini J. Berger
1990 S. Edberg B. Becker I. Lendl A. Agassi P. Sampras A. Gómez T. Muster E. Sánchez G. Ivanišević B. Gilbert
1991 S. Edberg J. Courier B. Becker M. Stich I. Lendl P. Sampras G. Forget K. Nováček P. Korda A. Agassi
1992 J. Courier S. Edberg P. Sampras G. Ivanišević B. Becker M. Chang P. Korda I. Lendl A. Agassi R. Krajicek
1993 P. Sampras M. Stich J. Courier S. Bruguera S. Edberg A. Medvedev G. Ivanišević M. Chang T. Muster C. Pioline
1994 P. Sampras A. Agassi B. Becker S. Bruguera G. Ivanišević M. Chang S. Edberg A. Berasategui M. Stich T. Martin
1995 P. Sampras A. Agassi T. Muster B. Becker M. Chang Y. Kafelnikov T. Enqvist J. Courier W. Ferreira G. Ivanišević
1996 P. Sampras M. Chang Y. Kafelnikov G. Ivanišević T. Muster B. Becker R. Krajicek A. Agassi T. Enqvist W. Ferreira
1997 P. Sampras P. Rafter M. Chang J. Björkman Y. Kafelnikov G. Rusedski C. Moya S. Bruguera T. Muster M. Ríos
1998 P. Sampras M. Ríos A. Corretja P. Rafter C. Moya A. Agassi T. Henman K. Kučera G. Rusedski R. Krajicek
1999 A. Agassi Y. Kafelnikov P. Sampras T. Enqvist G. Kuerten N. Kiefer T. Martin N. Lapentti M. Ríos R. Krajicek
2000 G. Kuerten M. Safin P. Sampras M. Norman Y. Kafelnikov A. Agassi L. Hewitt A. Corretja T. Enqvist T. Henman
2001 L. Hewitt G. Kuerten A. Agassi Y. Kafelnikov JC. Ferrero S. Grosjean P. Rafter T. Haas T. Henman P. Sampras
2002 L. Hewitt A. Agassi M. Safin JC. Ferrero C. Moya R. Federer J. Novák T. Henman A. Costa A. Roddick
2003 A. Roddick R. Federer JC. Ferrero A. Agassi G. Coria R. Schüttler C. Moyá D. Nalbandian M. Philippoussis S. Grosjean
2004 R. Federer A. Roddick L. Hewitt M. Safin C. Moyá T. Henman G. Coria A. Agassi D. Nalbandian G. Gaudio
2005 R. Federer R. Nadal A. Roddick L. Hewitt N. Davydenko D. Nalbandian A. Agassi G. Coria I. Ljubičić G. Gaudio
2006 R. Federer R. Nadal N. Davydenko J. Blake I. Ljubicic A. Roddick T. Robredo D. Nalbandian M. Ančić F. González
2007 R. Federer R. Nadal N. Djokovic N. Davydenko D. Ferrer A. Roddick F. González R. Gasquet D. Nalbandian T. Robredo
2008 R. Nadal R. Federer N. Djokovic A. Murray N. Davydenko JW. Tsonga G. Simon A. Roddick JM. del Potro J. Blake
2009 R. Federer R. Nadal N. Djokovic A. Murray JM. Del Potro N. Davydenko A. Roddick R. Söderling F. Verdasco JW. Tsonga
2010 R. Nadal R. Federer N. Djokovic A. Murray R. Söderling T. Berdych D. Ferrer A. Roddick F. Verdasco M. Youzhny
2011 N. Djokovic R. Nadal R. Federer A. Murray D. Ferrer JW. Tsonga T. Berdych M. Fish J. Tipsarević N. Almagro
2012 N. Djokovic R. Federer A. Murray R. Nadal D. Ferrer T. Berdych JM. del Potro JW. Tsonga J. Tipsarević R. Gasquet
2013 R. Nadal N. Djokovic D. Ferrer A. Murray JM. Del Potro R. Federer T. Berdych S. Wawrinka R. Gasquet JW. Tsonga
2014 N. Djokovic R. Federer R. Nadal S. Wawrinka K. Nishikori A. Murray T. Berdych M. Raonic M. Čilić D. Ferrer
2015 N. Djokovic A. Murray R. Federer S. Wawrinka R. Nadal T. Berdych D. Ferrer K. Nishikori R. Gasquet JW. Tsonga
2016 A. Murray N. Djokovic M. Raonic S. Wawrinka K. Nishikori M. Čilić G. Monfils D. Thiem R. Nadal T. Berdych
2017 R. Nadal R. Federer G. Dimitrov A. Zverev D. Thiem M. Čilić D. Goffin J. Sock S. Wawrinka P. Carreño Busta
2018 N. Djokovic R. Nadal R. Federer A. Zverev JM. del Potro K. Anderson M. Čilić D. Thiem K. Nishikori J. Isner
2019 R. Nadal N. Djokovic R. Federer D. Thiem D. Medvedev S. Tsitsipas A. Zverev M. Berrettini R. Bautista Agut G. Monfils

*Not all end of year rankings listed were taken from the 31st of December. Due to the Australian Open's date in the 1970's through to the mid 1980's, the year end ranking in that era was recorded from varying dates.

*Ivan Lendl became a naturalized American citizen in 1992 after representing Czechoslovakia.

*Kevin Curren became a naturalized American citizen in 1985 after representing South Africa.

Players with highest career rank 2–5

The following is a list of players who were ranked world No.5 or higher but not No.1 in the period since the 1973 introduction of the ATP computer rankings:

  Active players in green

See also

Notes

  1. In weeks where there are not four Grand Slam tournaments and eight Masters 1000 tournaments in the ranking period, the number of a player's best results from all eligible tournaments in the ranking period will be adjusted accordingly.
  2. At least one of these tournaments must follow the US Open.
  3. "Accepted" means a direct acceptance, a qualifier, a special exempt, or a lucky loser, or having accepted a wild card.

References

  1. "ATP World Tour - Rulebook, Chapter IX, ATP Rankings" (PDF). Retrieved 2017-05-10.
  2. Tignor, Steve (19 March 2015). "1973: The men boycott Wimbledon and shift power to the players". tennis.com. Retrieved 26 June 2016.
  3. Buddell, James (23 August 2013). "The Rankings That Changed Tennis (Part I)". atpworldtour.com. Retrieved 26 June 2016.
  4. Buddell, James (23 August 2013). "The Rankings That Changed Tennis (Part II)". atpworldtour.com. Retrieved 26 June 2016.
  5. Tignor, Steve (26 March 2015). "1973: The ATP institutes computer rankings". tennis.com. Retrieved 26 June 2016.
  6. "Rankings FAQ". Atpworldtour.com. Retrieved 2012-07-25.
  7. "Frequently Asked Questions". atpworldtour.com. Retrieved 2011-03-13.
  8. "Rankings-FAQ". ATP World Tour.
  9. Rothenberg, Ben (2016-05-29). "Points and Prize Money Mean More to Olympic Tennis Holdouts". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2016-08-15.
  10. Ultimate Tennis Statistics - Most ATP Points
  11. Douglas Robson (22 August 2013). "Happy 40th birthday, ATP computer rankings". USA Today.
  12. Simon Cambers (15 February 2013). "40 years on, how have the ATP World Rankings developed?". www.wimbledon.com. AELTC. Archived from the original on 2014-12-31.
  13. "Rankings FAQ". ATP World Tour. Retrieved 2012-07-25.
  14. "ATP/WTA Points".
  15. "ATP World Tour 2017 Rulebook" (PDF). ATP World Tour.
  16. "Tennis - ATP World Tour - Rankings FAQ". ATP World Tour. Retrieved 2012-07-25.
  17. "Rankings | FAQ | ATP Tour | Tennis". ATP World Tour. Retrieved 2016-11-28.
  18. "ITF confirms no ATP points will be assigned at Olympic Games in Rio 2016". Tennis World. Retrieved 2016-11-28.
  19. "Current ATP Rankings (Singles)". atptour.com. ATP Tour, Inc.
  20. "Current ATP Rankings (Doubles)". atptour.com. ATP Tour, Inc.
  21. "ATP Rankings - Former No. 1s". atpworldtour.com. Retrieved 20 August 2018.
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