1999 OJ4

1999 OJ4 is a trans-Neptunian object and binary system from the classical Kuiper belt, located in the outermost region of the Solar System. The bright cubewano belongs to the cold population and measures approximately 75 kilometers (47 miles) in diameter. It was first observed at Mauna Kea Observatory on 18 July 1999. Discovered in 2005, its minor-planet moon is just 3 kilometres smaller than its primary and has an orbital period of 84 days.[1][6]

1999 OJ4
Orbital diagram of 1999 OJ4
Discovery [1]
Discovery siteMauna Kea Obs.
(first observed only)
Discovery date18 July 1999
Designations
1999 OJ4
TNO [2] · cubewano [3][4][5]
cold
Orbital characteristics [2]
Epoch 27 April 2019 (JD 2458600.5)
Uncertainty parameter 4
Observation arc9.21 yr (3,363 d)
Aphelion39.013 AU
Perihelion37.200 AU
38.107 AU
Eccentricity0.0238
235.24 yr (85,921 d)
294.62°
0° 0m 15.12s / day
Inclination3.9954°
127.44°
285.68°
Known satellites1 (D: 72 km; P: 84.12 d)[6]
Physical characteristics
Dimensions75 km[3]
0.1 (assumed)[7]
0.225[3][8]
B–V = 1.68[3][4]
V–R = 0.682[4]
7.1[1][2]

    Orbit and classification

    1999 OJ4 orbit characterizes it as a classical Kuiper Belt object, or cubewano. Due to its nearly circular orbit and low inclination, it is also in the "cold" population of cubewanos. As a result, it is likely reddish in color.[9][10]

    Satellite

    1999 OJ4 has one moon, S/2005 (1999 OJ4) 1. This moon was discovered by the Hubble Space Telescope[8] on 5 October 2013. It orbits 3,267 kilometres away from 1999 OJ4, completing one orbit every 84.115 days.[6][8] At 72 km, it is nearly the same size as 1999 OJ4. From the surface of 1999 OJ4, S/2005 (1999 OJ4) 1 would have an apparent diameter of roughly 8.11°,[lower-alpha 1] over fourteen times the apparent size of the Sun from Earth.

    Notes
    1. Calculated by solving .

    References
    1. "1999 OJ4". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 3 December 2018.
    2. "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: (1999 OJ4)" (2008-10-01 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 3 December 2018.
    3. Johnston, Wm. Robert (7 October 2018). "List of Known Trans-Neptunian Objects". Johnston's Archive. Retrieved 3 December 2018.
    4. "Asteroid 1999 OJ4". Small Bodies Data Ferret. Retrieved 3 December 2018.
    5. Marc W. Buie. "Orbit Fit and Astrometric record for 99OJ4". SwRI (Space Science Department). Retrieved 3 December 2018.
    6. Johnston, Wm. Robert (20 September 2014). "Asteroids with Satellites Database – 1999 OJ4". Johnston's Archive. Retrieved 3 December 2018.
    7. "LCDB Data for (1999+OJ4)". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 3 December 2018.
    8. Grundy, W. M.; et al. (2009). "Mutual Orbits and Masses of Six Transneptunian Binaries". Icarus. arXiv:0812.3126. Bibcode:2009Icar..200..627G. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2008.12.008.
    9. A. Doressoundiram; N. Peixinho; C. de Bergh; S. Fornasier; P. Thebault; M. A. Barucci; et al. (October 2002). "The Color Distribution in the Edgeworth-Kuiper Belt". The Astronomical Journal. 124 (4): 2279. arXiv:astro-ph/0206468. Bibcode:2002AJ....124.2279D. doi:10.1086/342447.
    10. Nuno Peixinho; Pedro Lacerda & David Jewitt (August 2008). "Color-inclination relation of the classical Kuiper belt objects". The Astronomical Journal. 136 (5): 1837. arXiv:0808.3025. Bibcode:2008AJ....136.1837P. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/136/5/1837.

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