1990 Commonwealth Games
The 1990 Commonwealth Games were held in Auckland, New Zealand from 24 January – 3 February 1990. It was the 14th Commonwealth Games, and part of New Zealand's 1990 sesquicentennial celebrations. Participants competed in ten sports: athletics, aquatics, badminton, boxing, cycling, gymnastics, judo, lawn bowls, shooting and weightlifting. The Triathlon was a demonstration event.
 | |
| Host city | Auckland,  |
|---|---|
| Motto | This is the Moment |
| Nations participating | 55 |
| Athletes participating | 2,074 |
| Events | 213 events in 10 sports |
| Opening ceremony | 24 January |
| Closing ceremony | 3 February |
| Officially opened by | Prince Edward |
| Officially closed by | Elizabeth II |
| Queen's Baton Final Runner | Mark Todd and Peter Snell |
| Main venue | Mount Smart Stadium |
The main venue was the Mount Smart Stadium.
Host selection
The Games were awarded to Auckland on 27 July 1984 at the Los Angeles Summer Olympics. Perth, Australia, had withdrawn from the bid contest leaving New Delhi, India, as the sole opponent to Auckland's bid.
| 1990 Commonwealth Games bidding results | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| City | Round 1 | |||||
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20 | |||||
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19 | |||||
Opening ceremony
The opening of the games comprised a variety of events, including the arrival of The Queen's representative The Prince Edward (her youngest son), the arrival of the Queen's Baton and many Māori ceremonial stories.
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The opening ceremony itself started off with the Auckland Commonwealth Games Choir singing the Song of Welcome. Upon the arrival of The Prince Edward, the Māori in attendance, gave him a Challenge of a welcome. This is conducted by a Māori placing a wooden batton on the ground. To see if the visitor comes in peace or not, the visitor must pick it up.
The New Zealand national anthem "God Defend New Zealand" was sung during a ceremonial fourteen gun salute from nearby One Tree Hill. This was followed by the New Zealand Army Guard Commander allowing The Prince Edward to inspect the guard of honour. After which was the introduction of the participating countries of the Commonwealth, Scotland entering first as the hosts of the previous games, and New Zealand entering last as hosts. During the introduction of the countries, the choir at attendance would display the flag of the announced country with boards.
When all the athletes finally sat down, the main Māori ceremonies began. First of the Māori ceremonies was all the Māori women performing a "Song of Welcome" for the athletes with the use of Poi. The Māori women then gave some of the athletes a Hongi. Next was the Māori story of how New Zealand was formed, performed by many New Zealanders and organised by Logan Brewer. It involved a narration of how the Polynesians found their way to what was to become New Zealand. In the middle of the performance, a re-enactment was performed of how New Zealand was formed between Rangi and Papa (the sky father and earth mother). The story then moved on to the coming of religion and European migration. This was demonstrated with a formation of the Union Jack, to show the colonisation by the British. Dame Whina Cooper then made a speech about the Treaty of Waitangi signed in 1840 that brought about peace and stability of modern New Zealand.
Introduction of the European communities was next with music and native dancing from European countries such as Italy, Poland, Greece, Netherlands, Scotland, Ireland, Austria, Wales and England, and music and native dancing also from Asian countries such as China, Sri Lanka and India. From here, many of the neighbouring Pacific Islanders made their entrance with the rhythmic tempo of the Pacific Island drum beat. This was to show the then complete migration of people to New Zealand.
New Zealand performer Howard Morrison then lead New Zealand in singing the folk song Tukua-a-hau. After Howard Morrison, the Queen's Baton arrived at the stadium where The Prince Edward announced the opening of the games which was followed by the Athletes Pledge.
Fireworks followed and was capped off with a night time flyover by nine A-4 Skyhawk jets of the Royal New Zealand Air Forces 75 Squadron. The ceremony was concluded by the singing of the game's motto "This is the moment" as performers and athletes exited the stadium.
Closing ceremony
A more relaxed affair was held for the 14th Commonwealth Games closing ceremony, reflecting that of Christchurch in 1974. Attended by HM The Queen of New Zealand, formality and respect played their due part in the beginning with formal salute and the acceptance of the Commonwealth Games flag to the next host city, Victoria, Canada. This was followed by a First Nations and modern Canadian dancing display.
Then the fun began with thousands of children entering the stadium with a mass jumprope demonstration, followed by the athletes themselves. The Queen then made the traditional closing speech and called for all the Commonwealth's athletes to assemble in four years time in Victoria. As the evening wore on, opera singer Dame Kiri Te Kanawa sang "Now is the Hour", a favorite New Zealand hymn, as the Royal New Zealand Air Force's A4 Skyhawks made one final swooping flyover of Mount Smart Stadium followed by fireworks. The Queen, Duke of Edinburgh, and Prince Edward then exited the stadium standing in open top vehicles.
Mascot
The mascot of the games was Goldie, representing New Zealand's national symbol the kiwi bird.
Participating teams
55 teams were represented at the 1990 Games.
(Teams competing for the first time are shown in bold).
| Participating Commonwealth countries and territories |
|---|
|
| Debuting Commonwealth countries and territories |
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Medals by country
This is the full table of the medal count of the 1990 Commonwealth Games. These rankings sort by the number of gold medals earned by a country. The number of silvers is taken into consideration next and then the number of bronze. If, after the above, countries are still tied, equal ranking is given and they are listed alphabetically. This follows the system used by the IOC, IAAF and BBC.
Figures from Commonwealth Games Foundation website.[1]
* Host nation (New Zealand)
| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | .svg.png){kind=small} | 52 | 54 | 58 | 164 |
| 2 |  | 46 | 40 | 42 | 128 |
| 3 | .svg.png){kind=small} | 36 | 42 | 38 | 116 |
| 4 | | 17 | 14 | 27 | 58 |
| 5 | | 13 | 8 | 11 | 32 |
| 6 | .svg.png){kind=small} | 10 | 3 | 12 | 25 |
| 7 |  | 6 | 9 | 3 | 18 |
| 8 |  | 5 | 13 | 7 | 25 |
| 9 |  | 5 | 7 | 10 | 22 |
| 10 |  | 2 | 2 | 0 | 4 |
| 11 |  | 2 | 0 | 2 | 4 |
 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 4 | |
| 13 |  | 1 | 3 | 5 | 9 |
| 14 |  | 1 | 2 | 0 | 3 |
| 15 | .svg.png){kind=small} | 1 | 1 | 3 | 5 |
| 16 |  | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
| 17 |  | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 | |
| 19 |  | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
| 22 |  | 0 | 2 | 1 | 3 |
| 23 |  | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 24 |  | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| 25 |  | 0 | 0 | 3 | 3 |
| 26 |  | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 | |
| 28 |  | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
| Totals (29 nations) | 205 | 204 | 234 | 643 | |
Medals by event
- At these games, the Triathlon was a demonstration event; won by Erin Baker (women) and Rick Wells (men), both from New Zealand.
Aquatics
Athletics
Badminton
Bowls
Boxing
| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
|---|---|---|---|
| Men | |||
| Light Flyweight | | | |
| Flyweight | | | |
| Bantamweight | | | |
| Featherweight | | | |
| Lightweight | | | |
| Light Welterweight | | | |
| Welterweight | | | |
| Light Middleweight | | | |
| Middleweight | | | |
| Light Heavyweight | | | |
| Heavyweight | | | |
| Super Heavyweight | | | |
Cycling
Track
| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Men | ||||||
| Time Trial | | 00:01:06 | | 00:01:07 | | 00:01:07 |
| Sprint | | | | |||
| Individual Pursuit | | 00:04:45 | | 00:04:53 | | 00:04:52 |
| Team Pursuit | Gary Anderson Nigel Donnelly Glenn McLeay Stuart Williams | 00:04:23 | Brett Aitken Steve McGlede Shaun O'Brien Darren Winter | 00:04:26 | Chris Boardman Simon Lillistone Bryan Steel Glen Sword | 00:04:27 |
| 10 Miles Scratch | | 00:19:44 | | 00:19:44 | | 00:19:44 |
| Points Race | | 81 | | 72 | | 39 |
| Women | ||||||
| Sprint | | | | |||
| Individual Pursuit | | 00:03:55 | | 00:03:55 | | 00:04:00 |
Road
| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Men | ||||||
| Road Race | | 04:34:00 | | 04:34:00 | | 04:34:05 |
| Team Time Trial | Brian Fowler Gavin Stevens Graeme Miller Ian Richards | 02:06:47 | Christopher Koberstein David Spears Peter Verhesen Sean Way | 02:09:20 | Chris Boardman Peter Longbottom Ben Luckwell Wayne Randle | 02:09:33 |
| Women | ||||||
| Road Race | | 01:55:11.60 | | 1:55:11.88 | | 1:55:12.06 |
Gymnastics
Artistic
| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Men | ||||||
| All-Around | | 57.95 | | 57.8 | | 57.4 |
| Team | Alan Nolet Claude Latendrese Curtis Hibbert Lorne Bobkin | 171.8 | David Cox James May Neil Thomas Terence Bartlett | 170.45 | Brennon Dowrick Kenneth Meredith Peter Hogan Tim Lees | 169.5 |
| Horizontal Bar | | 9.85 | | 9.8 | ||
| Parallel Bars | | 9.8 | | 9.675 | | 9.6 |
| Vault | | 9.625 | | 9.575 | | 9.25 |
| Pommel Horse | | 9.825 | | 9.725 | | 9.7 |
| Rings | | 9.775 | | 9.75 | | 9.725 |
| Floor | | 9.75 | | 9.675 | | 9.6 |
| Women | ||||||
| All-Around | | 38.912 | | 38.687 | | 38.499 |
| Team | Janet Morin Larissa Lowing Lori Strong Stella Umeh | 116.784 | Kylie Shadbolt Lisa Read Michelle Telfer Monique Allen | 115.272 | Lisa Elliott Lisa Grayson Lorna Mainwaring Louise Redding | 114.046 |
| Asymmetric Bars | | 9.875 | | 9.85 | | 9.737 |
| Beam | | 9.85 | | 9.762 | | 9.7 |
| Vault | | 9.712 | | 9.643 | | 9.506 |
| Floor | | 9.887 | | 9.762 | | 9.675 |
Rhythmic
| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Women | ||||||
| All-Around | | 37.65 | | 37.25 | | 36.9 |
| Ball | | 9.45 | | 9.4 | | 9.25 |
| Hoop | | 9.4 | | 9.2 | | 9.1 |
| Ribbon | | 9.4 | | 9.3 | | 9.2 |
| Rope | | 9.3 | | 9.275 | | 9.25 |
Judo
| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
|---|---|---|---|
| Men | |||
| Extra Lightweight | | | |
| Half Lightweight | | | |
| Lightweight | | | |
| Half Middleweight | | | |
| Middleweight | | | |
| Half Heavyweight | | | |
| Heavyweight | | | |
| Open | | | |
| Women | |||
| Extra Lightweight | | | |
| Half Lightweight | | | |
| Lightweight | | | |
| Half Middleweight | | | |
| Middleweight | | | |
| Half Heavyweight | | | |
| Heavyweight | | |  |
| Open | | | |
Shooting
Pistol
| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Men/Open | ||||||
| Free Pistol | | 554 | | 549 | | 549 |
| Free Pistol - Pairs | Phil Adams Bengt Sandström | 1106 | Brian Read Greg Yelavich | 1084 | Ateequr Rahman Abdus Sattar | 1078 |
| Centre-Fire Pistol | | 583 | | 577 | | 576 |
| Centre-Fire Pistol - Pairs | Phil Adams Bruce Quick | 1155 | Barry O'Neale Greg Yelavich | 1144 | Ashok Pandit Surinder Marwah | 1142 |
| Rapid-Fire Pistol | | 583 | | 582 | | 579 |
| Rapid-Fire Pistol - Pairs | Bruce Favell Pat Murray | 1153 | Stanley Wills Mark Howkins | 1138 | Brian Girling John Rolfe | 1133 |
| Air Pistol | | 580 | | 574 | | 574 |
| Air Pistol - Pairs | Ateequr Rahman Abdus Sattar | 1138 | Phil Adams Bengt Sandström | 1138 | Julian Lawton Greg Yelavich | 1137 |
Rifle
| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Men/Open | ||||||
| Small Bore Rifle, Prone | | 591 | | 590 | | 590 |
| Small Bore Rifle, Prone - Pairs | Stephen Petterson Roger Harvey | 1185 | Barry Sutherland Michael Ashcroft | 1184 | Bob Jarvis Philip Scanlan | 1180 |
| Small Bore Rifle, Three Positions | | 1157 | | 1154 | | 1143 |
| Small Bore Rifle, Three Positions - Pairs | Jean-François Sénécal Mart Klepp | 2272 | Malcolm Cooper Robert Smith | 2268 | William Murray Robert Law | 2258 |
| Full Bore Rifle | | 394 | | 390 | | 390 |
| Full Bore Rifle - Pairs | Simon Belither Andrew Tucker | 580 | James Corbett Barry Wood | 565 | Clifford Mallett Colin Mallett | 564 |
| Air Rifle | | 583 | | 578 | | 577 |
| Air Rifle - Pairs | Guy Lorion Mart Klepp | 1163 | Chris Hector Robert Smith | 1155 | Soma Dutta Bhagirath Samai | 1148 |
| Running Target | | 539 | | 539 | | 535 |
| Running Target - Pairs | Paul Carmine Tony Clarke | 1091 | David Lee Mark Bedlington | 1070 | David Chapman John Maddison[2] | 1064 |
Shotgun
| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Men/Open | ||||||
| Trap | | 184 | | 183 | | 179 |
| Trap - Pairs | Kevin Gill Ian Peel | 181 | Colin Evans James Birkett-Evans | 178 | Russell Mark John Maxwell | 178 |
| Skeet | | 187 | | 187 | | 184 |
| Skeet - Pairs | Ian Marsden James Dunlop | 189 | Andy Austin Ken Harman | 185 | Tim Dodds John Woolley | 183 |
Weightlifting
| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Men | ||||||
| Flyweight - Snatch | | 105 | | 95 | | 90 |
| Flyweight - Clean and Jerk | | 127.5 | | 117.5 | | 117.5 |
| Flyweight - Overall | | 232.5 | | 212.5 | | 207.5 |
| Bantamweight - Snatch | | 110 | | 107.5 | | 102.5 |
| Bantamweight - Clean and Jerk | | 137.5 | | 125 | | 122.5 |
| Bantamweight - Overall | | 247.5 | | 230 | | 227.5 |
| Featherweight - Snatch | | 112.5 | | 112.5 | | 110 |
| Featherweight - Clean and Jerk | | 145 | | 142.5 | | 142.5 |
| Featherweight - Overall | | 257.5 | | 255 | | 252.5 |
| Lightweight - Snatch | | 130 | | 130 | | 127.5 |
| Lightweight - Clean and Jerk | | 165 | | 160 | | 155 |
| Lightweight - Overall | | 295 | | 290 | | 280 |
| Middleweight - Snatch | | 135 | | 135 | | 132.5 |
| Middleweight - Clean and Jerk | | 177.5 | | 170 | | 167.5 |
| Middleweight - Overall | | 310 | | 305 | | 292.5 |
| Light Heavyweight - Snatch | | 155 | | 152.5 | | 145 |
| Light Heavyweight - Clean and Jerk | | 192.5 | | 182.5 | | 180 |
| Light Heavyweight - Overall | | 347.5 | | 332.5 | | 317.5 |
| Middle Heavyweight - Snatch | | 162.5 | | 152.5 | | 150 |
| Middle Heavyweight - Clean and Jerk | | 195 | | 192.5 | | 190 |
| Middle Heavyweight - Overall | | 357.5 | | 345 | | 340 |
| Sub Heavyweight - Snatch | | 165 | | 145 | | 140 |
| Sub Heavyweight - Clean and Jerk | | 197.5 | | 175 | | 175 |
| Sub Heavyweight - Overall | | 362.5 | | 320 | | 315 |
| Heavyweight - Snatch | | 160 | | 152.5 | | 152.5 |
| Heavyweight - Clean and Jerk | | 197.5 | | 192.5 | | 187.5 |
| Heavyweight - Overall | | 357.5 | | 345 | | 335 |
| Super Heavyweight - Snatch | | 180 | | 177.5 | | 172.5 |
| Super Heavyweight - Clean and Jerk | | 222.5 | | 222.5 | | 205 |
| Super Heavyweight - Overall | | 402.5 | | 400 | | 377.5 |
References
The Bateman New Zealand Encyclopedia
- Past Commonwealth Games Archived 15 February 2013 at the Wayback Machine Commonwealth Games Federation
- No bronze medal awarded as not enough pairs took part - The Complete Book of the Commonwealth Games (Graham Groom -2017)
External links
| Preceded by Edinburgh |
Commonwealth Games Auckland XIV Commonwealth Games |
Succeeded by Victoria |
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