1954 in Australian literature

• James Aldridge – Heroes of the Empty View
• Jon Cleary – The Climate of Courage
• Miles Franklin – Cockatoos : A Story of Youth and Exodists
• Catherine Gaskin – Sara Dane
• T. A. G. Hungerford – Sowers of the Wind : A Novel of the Occupation of Japan
• Eric Lambert
  • The Five Bright Stars
  • The Veterans
• Eve Langley – White Topee
• Kenneth Mackenzie – The Refuge
• Alan Moorehead – A Summer Night
• E. V. Timms – The Fury
• Arthur Upfield
  • Death of a Lake
  • Sinister Stones
• Judah Waten – The Unbending

• A. Bertram Chandler – "Shadow Before"
• David Martin – "Where a Man Belongs"
• John Morrison – "The Incense-Burner"
• Dal Stivens – "In the Depths"
• Judah Waten – "Well, What Do You Say to My Boy?"

• Nan Chauncy – A Fortune for the Brave
• Joan Phipson – Six and Silver
• Norman B. Tindale & Harold Arthur Lindsay – The First Walkabout, illustrated by Madeleine Boyce

• Thea Astley – "Droving Man"
• Dorothy Auchterlonie – "The Tree"
• John Blight
  • "The Anchor"
  • "Death of a Whale"
  • "Nor'-Easter"
  • "Rope"
  • The Two Suns Met : Poems
• Dorothea Dowling – Twenty-One Poems
• R. D. Fitzgerald
  • "Beginnings"
  • "Edge"
• Mary Gilmore – Fourteen Men : Verses
• A. D. Hope – "The Return of Persephone"
• Christopher Koch – "The Boy Who Dreamed the Country Night"
• James McAuley
  • "An Art of Poetry"
  • "New Guinea"
  • "To the Holy Spirit"
• Kenneth Mackenzie – "An Old Inmate"
• David Rowbotham – "Mullabinda"
• Douglas Stewart – "Spider-Gums"
• Colin Thiele – "The Mushroomer"
• John Thompson – Thirty Poems
• Judith Wright
  • "At Cooloolah"
  • "Flying Fox on Barbed Wire"

• Nevil Shute – Slide Rule : The Autobiography of an Engineer
• David Unaipon – My Life Story

• Vance Palmer – The Legend of the Nineties

A list, ordered by date of birth (and, if the date is either unspecified or repeated, ordered alphabetically by surname) of births in 1954 of Australian literary figures, authors of written works or literature-related individuals follows, including year of death.

• 12 January
  • Brian Caswell, writer for children
  • Lee Tulloch, novelist
• 26 March – Dorothy Porter, poet (died 2008)
• 21 May – Paul Collins, author and editor
• 17 June – Kerry Greenwood, novelist
• 5 July – Kevin Hart, poet
• 20 September – James Moloney, writer for children

Unknown date

• Russell Blackford, novelist and critic
• Rory Harris, poet
• Andrew Lansdown, poet
• Shane McCauley, poet
• Rosemary Sorensen, journalist, editor and critic

A list, ordered by date of death (and, if the date is either unspecified or repeated, ordered alphabetically by surname) of deaths in 1954 of Australian literary figures, authors of written works or literature-related individuals follows, including year of birth.

• 16 May — Jack McLaren, novelist (born 1884)
• 19 September – Miles Franklin, novelist (born 1879)
• 2 November – Malcolm Afford, playwright and novelist (born 1906)

• 1954 in poetry
• List of years in literature
• List of years in Australian literature