Zürich Socialist and Labour Congress, 1893
The Zurich Socialist and Labour Congress that met from August 6–13, 1893 was the third congress of the Second International. The congress passed "Zurich resolution" which expelled anarchists from the Congress. On 12 August, Friedrich Engels delivered the closing address, the only time that Engels addressed a Second International period Congress[1].
Delegations
| Country | # of delegates | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Australia | 1 | |
| Austria | 27 | Victor Adler |
| Bohemia | 7 | |
| Belgium | 17 | Emile Vandervelde |
| Brazil | 2 | The Brazilian mandates were held by W. Liebknecht (Ger.) and R. Siedel (Swiss) |
| Bulgaria | 2 | |
| Denmark | 2 | |
| France | 41 | |
| Germany | 92 | August Bebel, Representing the Social Democratic Party of Germany |
| Great Britain | 65 | |
| Hungary | 9 | |
| Italy | 21 | Filippo Turati |
| Poland | 11 | Stanislaw Mendelson |
| Romania | 5 | |
| Russia | 1 | Pavel Axelrod |
| Serbia | 1 | |
| Spain | 2 | |
| Switzerland | 101 | |
| United States | 3 |
Resolutions
The congress passed resolutions on who would be eligible to attend (the above-mentioned Zurich resolution), the eight-hour work day, the attitude of socialist in case of war, international manifestations on the first of may, the political tactics of social democrats, the protection of labour, the agrarian question, and the formation of national and international syndicates of professionals. Commissions also worked on resolutions on the international organization of socialists and the general strike, but the congress ran out of time and could not examine them. Motions were made on the question of Siam, universal suffrage, and in support of striking English miners.
References
- Braunthal, Julius History of the International 1864-1914
- Haupt, Georges La Deuxième Internationale, 1889-1914: étude critique des sources, essai bibliographique