World Series of Poker Circuit
The World Series of Poker Circuit is a series of poker tournaments held annually at a variety of casinos since 2005 as a build-up to the World Series of Poker (WSOP).
All Championship events are competed in no limit Texas hold 'em; preliminary events may be different poker variants.
Starting with the 2011 WSOP Circuit, the WSOP Circuit National Championship was held as a closed event for participants of various circuit events.
In 2015, the WSOP International Circuit was launched, with rounds in Canada, Latin America, the Caribbean, Europe, Asia-Pacific and Africa. The WSOP Circuit National Championship was replaced by the WSOP Global Casino Championship, featuring the winners from both WSOP Circuit and WSOP International Circuit.[1] The International Circuit has expanded to 13 tournaments for the 2017/18 season.[2]
World Series of Poker Circuit Ring
Like the World Series of Poker and its prestigious bracelet, all circuit stops have preliminary events that award rings as well. Since its inception in 2005, 972 rings have been awarded. 476 of the rings have been awarded to those that have won multiple rings. Twenty players have won at least five rings.
Below is a list of all poker players who have won at least five World Series of Poker (WSOP) Circuit rings. Through July 13, 2017, twenty players have won at least five WSOP Circuit Rings.[3]
In March 2018, WSOP.com in New Jersey hosted the first online poker tournament to award a Circuit Ring.[4]
World Series Circuit Ring Winners
Rank | Rings | Player | Total WSOP Earnings |
---|---|---|---|
1 | 12 | Valentin Vornicu | $1,030,952 |
2 | 11 | Maurice Hawkins | $2,080,907 |
3 | 9 | Robert Hankins | $1,072,275 |
4 | 9 | Ari Engel | $892,713 |
5 | 9 | Alexandru Masek | $773,344 |
6 | 9 | Joshua Reichard | $637,002 |
7 | 8 | Chris Reslock | $1,110,347 |
8 | 7 | Kyle Cartwright | $1,333,150 |
9 | 7 | Vincent Moscati | $590,385 |
10 | 7 | Cory Waaland | $546,968 |
11 | 6 | Roland Israelashvili | $2,446,512 |
12 | 6 | Joshua Turner | $1,151,839 |
13 | 6 | Daniel Lowery | $1,037,005 |
14 | 6 | John Holley | $1,023,297 |
15 | 6 | Mark Smith | $642,879 |
16 | 5 | Loni Harwood | $1,861,374 |
17 | 5 | Mike Leah | $2,350,504 |
18 | 5 | Blair Hinkle | $1,498,800 |
19 | 5 | Scott Stewart | $1,069,371 |
20 | 5 | Kurt Jewell | $1,023,297 |
21 | 5 | Jeffrey Trudeau | $737,332 |
22 | 5 | Caufman Talley | $726,741 |
23 | 5 | Cody Pack | $504,143 |
24 | 5 | Kevin McColgan | $389,162 |
25 | 5 | Brandon Fish | $323,802 |
26 | 5 | Martin Ryan | $299,070 |
27 | 5 | Christopher Leong | $221,780 |
World Series Circuit Ring Winners, Women
Rank | Rings | Player | Total WSOP Earnings |
---|---|---|---|
16 | 5 | Loni Harwood | $1,861,374 |
85 | 3 | La Sengphet | $287,018 |
90 | 3 | Nancy Birnbaum | $247,315 |
94 | 3 | Janet Fitzgerald | $196,051 |
182 | 2 | Wendy Freedman | $358,471 |
188 | 2 | Nadya Magnus | $309,439 |
220 | 2 | Patricia "Patty" Till | $227,733 |
245 | 2 | Katherine Bowen | $179,971 |
332 | 2 | Donna Delfin | $48,455 |
339 | 2 | Lena Evans | $34,842 |
345 | 2 | Jane Sheldon | $8,509 |
346 | 2 | Sylva Šimordová | $5,924 |
303 | 2 | Felicia Johnico | $81,566 |
355 | 1 | Barbara Enright | $499,331 |
475 | 1 | Natasha Mercier | $743,976 |
1,129 | 1 | Lakisha Watkins Slaughter | $75,756 |
World Series of Poker Circuit Main Event Champions
The World Series of Poker Circuit now has 22 stops along the national tour.[7] Each stop ends with a $1,675 buy-in Main Event. Originally they were $10,000. However, it changed rapidly with each succeeding WSOP Circuit season.
2004-05 Season
Date | Location | Winner | Prize | Runner-up | Other Finalists |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
January 18, 2005 | Harrah's Atlantic City | Nghi Tran | $780,615 | Erick Lindgren |
|
March 2, 2005 | Harrah's Rincon | Chris Ferguson | $655,220 | Prahlad Friedman |
|
March 23, 2005 | Rio All Suite Hotel and Casino Las Vegas | Doug Lee | $695,970 | Jennifer Harman |
|
May 8, 2005 | Harrah's Lake Tahoe | Jeff Lisandro | $542,360 | Phil Ivey |
|
May 28, 2005 | Harrah's New Orleans | Walter Chambers | $787,340 | Corey Bierria |
|
2005-06 Season
Date | Location | Winner | Prize | Runner-up | Other Finalists |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
August 25, 2005 | Grand Casino Tunica | Gregg Merkow | $561,175 | Robert Law |
|
September 16, 2005 | Harrah's Las Vegas | Chris Ferguson | $362,088 | Chade Layne |
|
November 2, 2005 | Caesars Indiana | Vinny Vinh | $437,760 | Men Nguyen |
|
November 22, 2005 | Paris Las Vegas | Thang Pham | $453,456 | J. C. Tran |
|
December 9, 2005 | Showboat Casino, Atlantic City | Chris Reslock | $335,235 | John Juanda |
|
January 26, 2006 | Grand Casino Tunica | Daniel Negreanu | $755,525 | Bryant King |
|
February 17, 2006 | Harrah's Atlantic City | Abraham Korotki | $433,008 | Brian Jensen |
|
March 7, 2006 | Harrah's Rincon | Darrell Dicken | $372,780 | Weikai Chang |
|
March 31, 2006 | Caesars Atlantic City | Jeffrey King | $345,708 | Rep Porter |
|
May 11, 2006 | Caesars Palace | John Spadavecchia | $648,320 | Sean McCabe |
|
May 28, 2006 | Harrah's New Orleans | Peter Feldman | $532,950 | Gavin Smith |
|
June 19, 2006 | Harrah's Lake Tahoe | Clint Baskin | $372,240 | Brian Fidler |
|
2006-2007 Season
Date | Location | Winner | Prize | Runner-up | Other Finalists |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
September 17, 2006 | Harrah's Lake Tahoe | Michael Arents | $196,005 | Jerrt Renfroe |
|
October 4, 2006 | Grand Casino Tunica | Mark Smith | $306,003 | Manelic Minaya |
|
November 3, 2006 | Caesars Indiana | Chad Batista | $262,002 | Hoyt Lance |
|
December 19, 2006 | Harrah's Atlantic City | Rick Rossetti | $368,096 | Alex Gomez |
|
January 17, 2007 | Grand Tunica | Dennis Perry | $563,402 | Gioi Luong |
|
February 7, 2007 | Horseshoe Council Bluffs | Kosta Sengos | $219,576 | Paul Kraus |
|
February 22, 2007 | Harrah's Rincon | Peter Feldman | $372,780 | Davidson Matthew |
|
March 14, 2007 | Caesars Atlantic City | Mehrdad Yousefzadeh | $488,828 | John McMahon |
|
April 6, 2007 | Caesars Indiana | Men Nguyen | $238,756 | Young Phan |
|
May 2, 2007 | Caesars Las Vegas | Cory Carroll | $505,176 | Justin Pechie |
|
May 23, 2007 | Harrah's New Orleans | Louie Esposito | $516,801 | Clint Schafer |
|
2007-08 Season
Date | Location | Winner | Prize | Runner-up | Other Finalists |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
September 13, 2007 | Grand Casino Tunica | Jordan Morgan | $216,852 | Terry Hawkins |
|
November 2, 2007 | Caesars Indiana | Carlos Uz | $175,034 | Marc Fratter |
|
November 18, 2007 | Harrah's Lake Tahoe | Chris Ferguson | $203,649 | Dustin Fox |
|
December 5, 2007 | Harrah's New Orleans | Andy Philachack | $247,860 | Josh Arieh |
|
December 18, 2007 | Harrah's Atlantic City | John Racener | $379,392 | Eric Buchman |
|
January 22, 2008 | Grand Casino Tunica | Bart Tichelman | $428,210 | Donald Nicholson |
|
February 7, 2008 | Harrah's Rincon San Diego North | Mike Pickett | $229,002 | David Peters |
|
February 27, 2008 | Horseshoe Council Bluffs | Ben Hock | $169,327 | Michael Martin |
|
March 15, 2008 | Caesars Atlantic City | Eric Haber | $431,136 | Dan Hicks |
|
April 14, 2008 | Caesars Indiana | Wilbur Futhey | $180,289 | Steve Merrifield |
|
May 1, 2008 | Caesars Las Vegas | Allen Cunningham | $499,162 | Ben Fineman |
|
May 21, 2008 | Harrah's New Orleans | Nick Ceci | $382,928 | Timothy Miles |
|
2008-09 Season
Date | Location | Winner | Prize | Runner-up | Other Finalists |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
October 14, 2008 | Horseshoe Southern Indiana | Samuel Oberlin | $143,064 | Jerry Martin |
|
November 2, 2008 | Harrahs Horseshoe Casino Hammond | Steve Billirakis | $208,885 | Thomas Koral |
|
November 16, 2008 | Harveys Resort & Casino, Lake Tahoe | Michael Binger | $181,379 | Ty Stewart |
|
December 16, 2008 | Harrah's Atlantic City | Brent Roberts | $280,940 | Phillip Reed |
|
February 2, 2009 | Harrah's Casino Tunica | Kai Landry | $183,974 | David Dao |
|
February 25, 2009 | Horseshoe Council Bluffs | Jesse Hale | $113,020 | Dennis Meierotto |
|
March 14, 2009 | Caesars Atlantic City | Samuel Chartier | $322,944 | John Nixon |
|
April 1, 2009 | Harrah's Rincon San Diego | Dwyte Pilgrim | $125,775 | Esther Taylor |
|
April 30, 2009 | Caesars Palace | Justin Bonomo | $227,692 | Michael Mizrachi |
|
May 20, 2009 | Harrah's New Orleans | Jean Gaspard | $211,722 | Billy Kopp |
|
2009-10 Season
Date | Location | Winner | Prize | Runner-up | Other Finalists |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
October 25, 2009 | Harrah's Horseshoe Casino Hammond | Daniel Livingston | $291,749 | Thanasi Floros |
|
November 2, 2009 | Horseshoe Southern Indiana | Gabriel Cook | $92,430 | Christopher Tryba |
|
November 17, 2009 | Harveys Resort & Casino, Lake Tahoe | Matt Keikoan | $106,435 | Justin Hallstrom |
|
December 15, 2009 | Harrah's Atlantic City | Chris Klodnicki | $215,915 | Kyle Bowker |
|
February 10, 2010 | Harrah's Casino Tunica | Paul Wasicka | $139,422 | Larry Gurney |
|
March 2, 2010 | Horseshoe Council Bluffs | Jovan Sudar | $95,455 | Gerald Walter |
|
March 14, 2010 | Caesars Atlantic City | Roland Isra | $264,715 | Chris Mitchell |
|
March 31, 2010 | Harrah's Rincon San Diego | Bryan Devoshire | $114,975 | Daniel Schreiber |
|
April 15, 2010 | Harrah's St.Louis | Jeffrey Roper | $170,814 | Jason Mo |
|
April 30, 2010 | Caesars Palace | Andrew Lichtenberger | $190,137 | Dan Casetta |
|
May 19, 2010 | Harrah's New Orleans | Fred Berger | $197,584 | Mike Beasley |
|
2010-11 Season
Date | Location | Winner | Prize | Runner-up | Other Finalists |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
August 31, 2010 | Horseshoe Council Bluffs | Blair Hinkle | $88,555 | Shiva Dudani |
|
October 12, 2010 | Horseshoe Council Bluffs | Charles Moore | $98,878 | Kevin Calenzo |
|
October 31, 2010 | Emerald Casino | Warren Zackey | $231,956 | Melanie Banfield |
|
November 9, 2010 | IP Casino Resort & Spa | Travis Lutes | $95,253 | Farid Nasserazad |
|
November 10, 2010 | Harveys Lake Tahoe | Stanley Quinn | $86,789 | John Mcneilly |
|
December 22, 2010 | WSOP Regional Championship - Harrah's Atlantic City | Chris Bell | $358,295 | Chris Klodnicki |
|
January 24, 2011 | Choctaw Casino Resort | Huy Nguyen | $232,706 | Traci Brown |
|
February 15, 2011 | Harrah's Tunica | Sam Barnhart | $148,612 | Jesse White |
|
March 1, 2011 | Palm Beach Kennel Club | John Riordan | $210,180 | Mike Morton |
|
March 13, 2011 | Caesars Atlantic City | Brian Ali | $139,284 | John Andress |
|
World Series of Poker Circuit Ladies Event Winners
Since 2005, most WSOP Circuit stops have included a ladies only poker tournmaent. The first ever ladies only tournament on the WSOP Circuit was held at Harvey's Lake Tahoe in May 2005[9]. The winner of the WSOP Circuit Ladies Event wins a WSOP Ciruit Ring.
2018-19 Season
Date | Location | Buy In | Winner | Prize | Runner-up | Other Finalists |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
August 24, 2018 | Foxwoods | $250 | Julie Bae | $5,760 | Katayon Khaterzal |
|
August 10, 2018 | Harrah's Cherokee | $250 | June Jenkins | $6,958 | Patricia Rhodes |
|
2017-18 Season
Date | Location | Buy In | Winner | Prize | Runner-up | Other Finalists |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
May 12, 2018[10] | Harrah's New Orleans | $250 | Cynthia Compton | $4,480 | Justine Renteria |
|
May 06, 2018 [11] | Horseshoe Baltimore | $135 | Tammy Brunson | $2,136 | Molissa Farber |
|
April 20, 2018 [12] | Harrah's Cherokee | $250 | Jennifer Alfieri | $6,598 | Sheila Bland |
|
March 23, 2018 [13] | Hard Rock Tulsa Oklahoma | $135 | Marsha Adams | $4,184 | Pamela Belote |
|
March 18, 2018[14] | Harrah's Atlantic City | $135 | Ellen Lambeth | $2,719 | Naomi Mayor |
|
February 09, 2018 [15] | Potawatomi | $135 | Jessica Land | $3,863 | Rosa Romero |
|
2016-17 Season
Date | Location | Buy In | Winner | Prize | Runner-up | Other Finalists |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
May 12, 2008[16] | Harrah's New Orleans | $135 | Jane Sheldon | $2,2821 | Laura Moore |
|
2015-16 Season
Date | Location | Buy In | Winner | Prize | Runner-up | Other Finalists |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
WSOP Circuit National Championship/ Global Poker Championship
Starting in 2012, qualification for the Circuit National Championship was significantly changed. A total of 100 players now receive automatic seats in the National Championship. The winners of each Circuit main event and the highest point earner at each circuit stop receive seats, with the remaining automatic seats filled by the top points earners throughout the Circuit season who are not already qualified. Additionally, the top 100 players in the "WSOP World Rankings", a points race determined on results in open events of the previous two WSOPs, are eligible to enter. The Circuit qualifiers play the National Championship on a freeroll, while the WSOP World Rankings qualifiers must pay a $10,000 buy-in.[17][18]
The winner of the Circuit National Championship wins a World Series of Poker bracelet.
In 2016, the WSOP National Championship was renamed to the Global Poker Championship.
Season | Winner | Prize | Runner-up | Other Finalists |
---|---|---|---|---|
2010/11 | Sam Barnhart | $300,000 | James Anderson |
|
2011/12 | Ryan Eriquezzo | $416,051 | Nikolas Stone |
|
2012/13 | Jonathan Hilton | $355,599 | Max Steinberg |
|
2013/14 | Dominik Nitsche | $352,800 | Athanasios Polychronopoulos |
|
2014/2015 | Loni Harwood | $341,599 | Alexandru Masek |
|
2015/2016 | Said El-Yousfi | $343,256 | Yasin Ahmady |
|
2016/2017 | Sean H. Yu | $296,941 | Alexander Lakhov |
|
2017/2018 | Warren Sheaves | $282,113 | Jeremy Meacham |
|
WSOP International Circuit
http://www.wsop.com/2018/circuit/international/
This is the 4th season of the WSOP International Circuit. Over the past three years, the International Circuit has traveled from Morocco to Australia, Argentina to Russia, and virtually everywhere in between.
As has become tradition, the Circuit season will culminate with the Global Casino Championship, a special invitation-only event which has a minimum prizepool of $1,000,000. Players at International Circuit stops can earn a free seat into the Global Casino Championship in two ways: 1) win the Main Event at a Circuit stop, or 2) win the title of Casino Champion by earning the most points in official ring events at any Circuit stop. In addition, any players who finish in the top 100 in the Player of the Year race at the WSOP has the option to buy in for $10,000 (rake free).
At the Global Casino Championship, players from the International Circuit will join qualifiers from the US domestic Circuit to compete for the $1,000,000-mininum prizepool and a WSOP gold bracelet.
Season 1 2015/2016
http://www.wsop.com/2015/circuit/international/
Location | Dates | Winner | Prize | Runner-up | Other Finalists |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Casino de Marrekesh, Morocco | January 16th, 2016 - January 24th, 2016 | Mathieu Selides | $111,604 | Anthony Rodrigues |
|
Season 2 2016/2017
Location | Dates | Main Event Buy In | Winner | Prize | Runner-up | Other Finalists |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Casino Campione
Campione, Italy |
September 08, 2016 to September 20, 2016 |
| ||||
Spielbank Berlin
Berlin, Germany |
September 29, 2016 to October 09, 2016 |
| ||||
Transamerica Expo Center
Sao Paulo, Brazil |
October 26, 2016 to November 02, 2016 |
| ||||
King's Casino
Rozvadov, Czech Republic |
October 27, 2016 to November 14, 2016 |
| ||||
Sonesta Maho Beach Resort & Casino
St Maarten, Caribbean |
November 03, 2016 to November 16, 2016 |
| ||||
Cercle Clichy Montmartre
Paris, France |
November 22, 2016 to December 16, 2016 |
| ||||
The Star Casino
Sydney, Australia |
November 22, 2016 to December 12, 2016 |
| ||||
Conrad Punta del Este Resort & Casino
Punta del Este, Uruguay |
December 02, 2016 to December 11, 2016 |
| ||||
Casino de Marrakech
Morocco |
January 14, 2017 to January 22, 2017 |
| ||||
Casino Campione
Campione, Italy |
March 13, 2017 to March 27, 2017 |
| ||||
King's Casino
Rozvadov, Czech Rebuplic |
March 23, 2017 to April 11, 2017 |
| ||||
Casino Barriere Cannes Le Croisette
Cannes, France |
April 17, 2017 to April 24, 2017 |
| ||||
Casino Estoril
Estoril, Portugal |
May 01, 2017 to May 07, 2017 |
| ||||
Grand Casino Brussels Viage
Brussels, Belgium |
May 19, 2017 to May 28, 2017 |
|
Season 3 2017/2018
Location | Dates | Main Event Buy In | Winner | Prize | Runner-up | Other Finalists |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Casino Iguazu
Iguazu, Argentina |
August 02, 2016 to August 08, 2017 | $1,000 | Rafael Pandolfo | $140,050 | Alejandro Sicuro |
|
Holland Casino Rotterdam
Rotterdam, Netherlands |
August 25, 2017 to September 02, 2017 | €1,650 | Eyal Bensimhon | €94,349 | Jakob Miegel |
|
Casino Campione
Campione, Italy |
September 01, 2017 to September 11, 2017 | €1,100 | Salvatore Scrivo | €40,500 | Eugenio Peralta |
|
Bienal Pavilion
Sao Paulo, Brazil |
September 27, 2017 to October 04, 2017 | R$3,300 | Andrew Renato Gon_alves Kusotr | R$550,000 | Renan Aziz Alves |
|
King's Casino
Rozvadov, Czech Republic |
September 28, 2017 to October 18, 2017 | €1,650 | Hossein Ensan | €184,812 | Jan Timo Jobmann |
|
Cercle Clichy Montmartre
Paris, France |
November 17, 2017 to December 04, 2017 | €1,500 | Marius Conan | €200,000 | Pierre Merlin |
|
The Star Sydney
Sydney, Australia |
November 28, 2017 to December 04, 2017 | A$2,200 | Michael Kanaan | A$394,837 | Michael Fraser |
|
Conrad Punta del Este Resort
Uruguay |
December 07, 2017 to December 17, 2017 | $1,500 | Andre Sa | $144,975 | Mario Niciforo |
|
Casino de Marrakech
Marrakech, Morocco |
January 20, 2018 to January 28, 2018 | DH15,000 / €1,350 | Vladimir Shabalin | MAD$1,300,000 | Romy Halimi |
|
Casino Campione
Campione, Italy |
February 21, 2018 to March 03, 2018 | € 700 + 70 | Michael Lech | €32,000 | Massimiliano Forti |
|
King's Casino
Rozvadov, Czech Republic |
March 01, 2018 to March 19, 2018 | € 1,500 + 150 | Amar Begovic | €220,000 | Timur Margolin |
|
Casino Barriere Cannes Le Croisette
Cannes, France |
March 16, 2018 to March 25, 2018 | € 1,350 + 150 | Sonny Franco | €103,426 | Anas Belatik |
|
Sochi Casino
Sochi Russia |
May 13, 2018 to May 29, 2018 | ₽ 60,000 + 6,000 | Vadim Shlez | ₽18,000,000 | Andrey Chemokoz |
|
Season 4 2018/2019
Location | Dates | Winner | Prize | Runner-up | Other Finalists |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Playground Poker
Canada |
August 23, 2018 to September 03, 2018 |
| |||
Holland Casino Rotterdam
Rotterdam, Netherlands |
August 31, 2018 to September 08, 2018 |
| |||
King's Casino
Rozvadov, Czech Republic |
September 20, 2018 to October 5, 2018 |
| |||
Belmond Copacabana Palace
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil |
September 25, 2018 to October 02, 2018 |
|
Notes
- ↑ WSOP Finalizes Details for 2016 Global Casino Championship - Pocket Fives, 5 April 2016
- ↑ WSOP Circuit International Schedule 2017-2018 - Brett Collson, Poker News, 16 July 2017
- ↑ "WSOP Players". WSOP. Retrieved April 29, 2015.
- ↑ "WSOP Circuit Will Finally Put A Ring On NJ Online Poker Players". Online Poker Report. 2018-03-12. Retrieved 2018-03-13.
- ↑ http://www.wsop.com/players/
- ↑ http://www.wsop.com/players/
- ↑ Palansky, Seth (July 14, 2014). "WSOP ANNOUNCES 2014-15 WSOP CIRCUIT TOUR SCHEDULE". wsop.com. Retrieved April 29, 2015.
- ↑ "Paul Kitsos Dies on Flight to World Series of Poker in Las Vegas". National Ledger. June 9, 2010. Archived from the original on 12 June 2010. Retrieved June 10, 2010.
- ↑ http://www.casinovendors.com/article/man-wins-ladies-championship-wsop-circuit-event-191554/
- ↑ http://www.wsop.com/tournaments/results/?rr=5&aid=1&grid=1433&tid=16746
- ↑ http://www.wsop.com/tournaments/results/?rr=5&aid=1&grid=1430&tid=16728
- ↑ http://www.wsop.com/tournaments/results/?rr=5&aid=1&grid=1427&tid=16694
- ↑ http://www.wsop.com/tournaments/results/?rr=5&aid=1&grid=1418&tid=16640
- ↑ http://www.wsop.com/tournaments/results/?rr=5&aid=1&grid=1415&tid=16622
- ↑ http://www.wsop.com/tournaments/results/?rr=5&aid=1&grid=1403&tid=16287
- ↑ http://www.wsop.com/tournaments/results/?rr=5&aid=1&grid=1433&tid=16746
- ↑ Feldman, Andrew (July 29, 2011). "'11-'12 WSOP Circuit to feature 16 stops". ESPN.com. Retrieved July 28, 2012.
- ↑ Feldman, Andrew (July 23, 2012). "WSOP Circuit expands for 2012–13". ESPN.com. Retrieved July 28, 2012.