Waddell's chronology

Waddell's chronology or Waddell's king list is an Ancient Near Eastern chronology developed by the British Laurence Waddell in his book, Egyptian Civilization: Its Sumerian Origin and Real Chronology, published in 1930.^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]

Waddell's correllations have not been generally accepted or well regarded, in part due to his use of the word Aryan. Conventional lists separate Sargon from Menes by around five hundred years. Commenting on this and other works, the Dictionary of National Biography says "These works, containing much painstaking research and impressive to many, did not win the approval of experts."^[6]

Waddell's primary chronology was compiled from various Sumerian king lists, Egyptian list of pharaohs, the Bhagavata Purana, Mahabharata, Rigveda and numerous Indus Valley Civilization seals and other monuments and relics and sources, some of which he had deciphered himself.^[2] It was entitled "Dated Chronological List of Sumerian or Early Aryan Kings from the Rise of Civilization to the Kassi Dynasty" and documented an alleged list of world emperors as follows:

No.	Names in Sumerian King Lists and monuments	Date BCE (approximate)	Indian list names
1	Ukusi of Ukhu City or Udu, Uduin, or Odin, Indar, Indra, Induru, Dur, Pur, Sakh, Sagaga, Zagg, Gaur, Alulim, or Adar	First Sumerian Dynasty 3378–3349 BCE	Ikshvāku or Indra or Sakko or Pururavas
2	Azag Ama Basam or Bakus, Tasia, Mukhla, Gin, Gan or Kan or Nimrod, Nimmirud	3348–3337 BCE	Ayus, Ama-Basu or Bikukshi-Nimi
	Azag Bakus or Gan at Unuk, Enoch or Erech City	3336–3273 BCE	As Above
3	Naksha, Enuzu, Anenzu, Unnusha, In, Enu	Second Sumerian Dynasty 3272–3248 BCE	Nahusha, Anenas or Janak
4	Udu, Uduk	3247–3242 BCE	Udā-vasu, Yadu, Yayati, (?) King Puru
5	Zimugun, Dumuzid, the Shepherd, Tammuz	3241–3312 BCE	Janamejaya or Jina
6	Uziwitar, Usi-water, Tara	3211–3206 BCE	Vishnu, Vishtara or Wishtara
7	Mutin Ugun	3205–3195 BCE	Matinara
8	Imuashshu or Pishmana	3194–3184 BCE	Vishamsu or Tamsu
9	Naili (or Nandu) Iaxa Sumaddi or Duag	3183–3181 BCE	Anila (?) Ucchaya, Dushyanta or (?) Sunanta
-	The Great Gap of 430 years with 26 (or 57) Kings	3180–2751 BCE Long Cronology	Uruash's Dynasty of "Paunch"
10	Ubara-Tutu, Baratutu, Bardū, Barti Pirtu	****	Burata, Brihad, Prithu
11	Gaudumu or Dūdumunu	****	Gautama, Dhundhumara
12	Dutu-Gindara	****	Dwat, Candra-ashva, Dvarka
13	Azag, or Ashita-ab	****	Aja-midha or Siteshu
14	Ishzax or Gishax Gamesh	****	Chaxus, Riksha, Rucaka or Ruk-meshu
15	Uruash-Khād, Urusag-Khaddu, Barama'hasha or Arwasag (c. 3100 BCE)	****	Haryashva or Barmyashva
18	Magdal, A-Magdal, Mukh	****	Mudgala or Mogallo
19	Bidashnadi, Bidsar, Biugun or Biguaxu	****	Badhryashya, L'asenadi or B'ujyu
20	Enun-nad Enash-nadi	****	Yuvanashwa
21	Tarsi (Ene- or "divine")or Dixxi (Di- or "divine")	****	Dāsa (Divo- or "divine") or Trasa Dasyu I
22	Medi or Meti	****	Mettiyo or Mitrayu
23	Kiuga, Mūkuda	****	Cyavana or Muckunda
24	Tarsi II, Dix-saax or (?)Shu-Dix	****	Su-Dāsa, Dussaha or Trasa Dasyu II
25	Tizama or Tizkar, Anda	****	Somaka, Sambhuta
26	Rumau or Pashipadda	****	Jantu
27	("Mesanipadda"), Uruduki Raman Duruashi-padda or Rutasa Rama, Rama	****	Prishada or Suvarna Roman, Rama
28	("Anni-padda") (c. 2900 BCE)	****	Drupada I, Hrashva Roman, Dropa, or Rohidashva
29	Eama	****	Vyoman, Vasumanas
30	Biama	****	Jimūta
31	Paunukha, ("?Meshkalamdug")	****	Bhanu or Ban-kirti
**	illegible	****	Satya-brata
**	illegible	****	Harish-candra II
**	illegible	****	Harita or Rohit-ashwa II
32	Gungun, Kingubi-Dudu	****	Cuncu or Dhundu
33	Mama-gal	****	Vijaya
34	Kalbu or Kalburu	****	B'aruka or Ruruki
35	Tuke	****	Vri-Taka or Dhri-Taka
36	Bara-Gina, Puru-gin, Ur-Zababa, or Pardu-Bazum	****	Pra-Cinvat, B'arad-Vaja, Bahū or Bahuka
35	Urukagina, Urudu-Gina, or Urukka-Gina	****	Puru II
**	Fall of Kish and Lagash	**** BC
36a	Zaggisi or Saggisi or Lugal-zage-si	2750–2726 BCE
**	Fall of Uruk	2725 BCE
37	Guni, Shar-Guni, Kin or Sargon	Sargon's Dynasty 2725–2671 BCE	Kuni Sha-Kuni or Sagara
37a	Rimush, Mush Uru	2670–2656 BCE	-
38	Man-ishtishu or Menes	First Egyptian Dynasty 2655–2641 BCE	Son of Sargon, Asa-Manja, Manasyu
39	Naram-sin	2640–2585 BCE	Grandson of Sargon, Anjana, Ansu-mat or Karamba
40	Shar-kali-sharri	2584–2561 BCE	Son of Naram-sin, Kunti-jit, Khatawanga, Dilīppa
-	Irgigi, Nigigi, Imi, Nanum, Iama (in inter-regnum) four kings	2560-2558 BCE	Bhagi-ratha
41	Dudu	2557-2537 BCE	Dhundu
42	Shu-turul, Shūdur-kib	2536-2522 BCE	Suhotra II, Shruta Shrutāyas
43	Uru-Nigin (? Nikin Uru of seal WSC. 390	2nd Erech Dynasty 2521-2519 BCE	Nabhin, Nābhāga
44	Urish-Ginar	2518-2513 BCE	Harish-Candra or Ambarisha
44a	Tardu (or Kudda)	2512-2507 BCE	(?) RathiTara "great-grandson of Ambarūshu"
45	Ba-Sha-nini (or -ama)	2506-2502 BCE	Sindhu-dhipa, Sanjaya
	Uru-ash (or -an) -uta	2501-2494 BCE	-
46	Guti occupation without kings	Guti Dynasty 2493-2452 BCE Kusha Dynasty	Ayunāyus (or ? Duthaliyas, k. of Khatti)
47	Muruta	2451-2449 BCE	Mūrtaya
	In Kishu or Gishu	2448-2443 BCE	Kusha
	Irilla Tax (or Warla Gaba)	2442-2437 BCE	-
	Dug-me or Ug-me	2436-2431 BCE	-
48	Eamamesh (or Kashushamama)	2430-2425 BCE	Kushāmba or Sarva-Kāma
	Inima Bakies, Baesses, Bakus or Basam	2424-2420 BCE	Basu II or Bhaji
	Iziaush	2419-2414 BCE	-
49	Iārla Tax or Dax	2413-2399 BCE	Su Dāsa II
	Ibate	2398-2396 BCE
	Iārla Gash or Kashushamama (2nd term)	2395-2393 BCE	Kushāmba (2nd term)
	Basium, Basam or Bakus (2nd term)	2392- BCE	Basu II or Bhaji (2nd term)
	Nikīm or Nigin	2391-2389 BCE	-
	Lasi-rubum or La-Sirab	2388-2387 BCE	Sarva-bhauma
	Irarum	2386-2385 BCE	-
	Darranūm	2384- BCE	-
50	Khāblum or Khab-Kalamu	2383-2382 BCE	Kalmāshu-pāda
	Suratāsh Sin or Sarati Gubi Sin	2381-2375 BCE	Sruta, Upa-Gupta
	Guda, Iārla Guashda or Gudia	2374-2368 BCE	Gādhi
	En-Ridi-Pizir, Pisha Ruddu	2367-2361 BCE	Vishva-Ratha (son of Gādhi)
	Tiri-gan	2360- BCE	Trishanku
51	Ashukhamukh, or Utukhe-gal	3rd Erech Dynasty 2360-62353 BCE	Ashmaka
52	Uruash-Zikim	Third Dynasty of Ur 2352-2335 BCE	Uru-Ricika Mūlaka
	Dungi or Duk-gin (Shamu-)	2334-2277 BCE	Dagni or Dagni-Jama
	Purash-Sin ("Bur-Sin"	2276-2268 BCE	Parashu-Rāma (and his massacre) Dasharatha or (?)
53	Suash-Sin ("Gimil-Sin")	2267-2259 BCE	Shata-ratha or Sushena Shata-ratha
54	Il-Ibil-Sin	2258-2233 BCE	Il-Ibila or Ilivila
55	Ishbi-Ashuurra	Isin Dynasty 2332-2200 BCE	Vishva-saha
56	Katini-Kat (or Shu-Lilishu	2199-2190 BCE	Khatvanga or Dilipa
57	Itiash-Dakhu	2189-2169 BCE	Dirga-bahu
58	Ishshibash-Dakhu	2163-2149 BCE	Raghu
59	Libiash Ugun	2148-2138 BCE	Aja
60	Dashashi-urash, Muru	2137-2110 BCE	Dasha-ratha
61	Amar-Sin, ("Bur-Sin II")	2109-2089 BCE	Rama or Rama-Chandra
62	Libi (Insakh)	2088-2084 BCE	Lava and Kusha
	Ashurra Iwiti or Urra Iwiti	2083-2076 BCE	-
63	Insakh-bani	2075-2052 BCE	Atithi or Suhotra IV
64	Zāmbi (3) Tenirpisha (4) Urdukuga, Sin Mapish (II)	2051- BCE	Nishadha
65	Damiq-ilushu	-2007 BCE	Nala
66	Anuha-Mubalit ("Sin Muballit" (20, of which four as emperor)	First Babylonian Dynasty as emperors 2023-2004 BCE	Nabha or Nabhas
67	Khammu-Rabi or "Great Lotus"	2003-1961 BCE	Pundarika or "Great Lotus"
68	Sāmsui-Uduna	1960-1923 BCE	Kshema-Dhanvan
69	Abieshu'a	1922-1895 BCE	Devānīka
70	Ammi-Satana or Ammi-Ditana	1894-1858 BCE	Ruru or (?) Suto-rusta
71	Ammi-Saraga or Ammi-Suduga	1857-1837 BCE	Ahi-nagu
72	Sāmsu-Satana	1836-1806 BCE	Sudhanvan ofr Pariyatra
73	Sakhari-Bal	Sea-Land Dynasty 1805-1791 BCE	Sahasra-Bala or Bala (with separate line)
74	Xatal ("Gandash")	Kassite Dynasty 1790-1775 BCE	Sthala or Gaya
75	Agu-um	1774-1753 BCE	Auka or Uktha
76	Bisuiru ("Kashtiliash")	1752-1745 BCE	Vajra-nābha
77	Ushigu	1744-1737 BCE	Shankha
78	Abisuttash	1736- BCE	Ab'Yutthit-ashva or Dhyushit-ashva

References

↑ Duncan Macnaughton (1932). A scheme of Egyptian chronology. Luzac & Co. Retrieved 27 October 2012.
1 2 Christine Preston (30 September 2009). The Rise of Man in the Gardens of Sumeria: A Biography of L.A. Waddell. Sussex Academic Press. pp. 139–. ISBN 978-1-84519-315-7. Retrieved 27 October 2012.
↑ Vincent A. Smith (1 January 1999). The Early History of India. Atlantic Publishers & Dist. pp. 359–. ISBN 978-81-7156-618-1. Retrieved 27 October 2012.
↑ John R. Maier (1997). Gilgamesh: A Reader. Bolchazy-Carducci Publishers. pp. 161–. ISBN 978-0-86516-339-3. Retrieved 27 October 2012.
↑ L. A. Waddell (1 March 2003). Egyptian Civilization Its Sumerian Origin and Real Chronology. Kessinger Publishing. ISBN 978-0-7661-4273-2. Retrieved 24 October 2012.
↑ Moshenka, Gabriel., 'At Variance With Both General and Expert Opinion': The Later Works of Lieutenant-Colonel Professor Laurence Austine Waddell, Bulletin of the History of Archaeology, UCL Institute of Archaeology, 2010. (Archived October 27, 2012, at WebCite)

External links

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[Macnaughton1932-1] Duncan Macnaughton (1932). A scheme of Egyptian chronology. Luzac & Co. Retrieved 27 October 2012.

[Preston2009-2] 1 2 Christine Preston (30 September 2009). The Rise of Man in the Gardens of Sumeria: A Biography of L.A. Waddell. Sussex Academic Press. pp. 139–. ISBN 978-1-84519-315-7. Retrieved 27 October 2012.

[Smith1999-3] Vincent A. Smith (1 January 1999). The Early History of India. Atlantic Publishers & Dist. pp. 359–. ISBN 978-81-7156-618-1. Retrieved 27 October 2012.

[Maier1997-4] John R. Maier (1997). Gilgamesh: A Reader. Bolchazy-Carducci Publishers. pp. 161–. ISBN 978-0-86516-339-3. Retrieved 27 October 2012.

[Waddell2003a-5] L. A. Waddell (1 March 2003). Egyptian Civilization Its Sumerian Origin and Real Chronology. Kessinger Publishing. ISBN 978-0-7661-4273-2. Retrieved 24 October 2012.

[ArchBulletin-6] Moshenka, Gabriel., 'At Variance With Both General and Expert Opinion': The Later Works of Lieutenant-Colonel Professor Laurence Austine Waddell, Bulletin of the History of Archaeology, UCL Institute of Archaeology, 2010. (Archived October 27, 2012, at WebCite)