Ulrich Graf

Ulrich Graf
Ulrich Graf in 1934
Graf in 1934
Born (1878-07-06)6 July 1878
Died 3 March 1950(1950-03-03) (aged 71)
Allegiance  Nazi Germany
Service/branch Sturmabteilung
Schutzstaffel
Years of service 1932–1945
Rank Brigadeführer
Battles/wars First World War
Second World War

Ulrich Graf (6 July 1878 – 3 March 1950) was one of the earliest members of the Nazi Party and of Adolf Hitler's inner circle.

Biography

Shortly after the First World War, Graf became a member of the German Workers' Party (DAP). Later, the DAP was renamed the National Socialist German Workers' Party (NSDAP; Nazi Party) and taken over by Adolf Hitler. Founded in 1920, the Sturmabteilung (SA) was the first of many paramilitary protection squads that worked to protect Nazi officials. These storm troopers, outfitted in brown uniforms, were initially charged with the duty of keeping order at Nazi Party meetings. They soon expanded their role to include disruption of rival political party's functions. Graf was an early member of the SA.[1] In 1921, he became member number 2882 of the Nazi Party.

Graf, an amateur wrestler, was selected by Hitler as a personal bodyguard.[2] Graf was a member of a small unit formed in 1923 for Hitler's protection, which became known as Stoßtrupp-Hitler.[3] At that time the bodyguard unit numbered no more than 20 men, including Ulrich Graf.[4]

That same year, Graf took part in the ill-fated Beer Hall Putsch in November. When the column of SA troops approached the blocking detachment of police, Graf, stepped forward and shouted "Don't shoot. His Excellency General Ludendorff is coming." Unfortunately a single shot was fired setting off a volley of shots by both sides. The firing lasted for only sixty seconds, but in that time sixteen SA troops and four policemen lay dead.[5]

Hitler was charged with high treason and sentenced to five years in prison.[6] He only served nine months, not including his time in remand.[7] During his time in prison and for several months following the Nazi Party was in disarray. Nazi chieftains were constantly quarreling amongst themselves in public, causing embarrassment to the party. To counteract this situation Hitler set up a Committee for Investigation and Settlement. The purpose was to settle disputes internally before they became public. Graf was a member of the three man committee.[8]

In December 1924, Graf was elected Councillor in Munich and took office 1 January 1925.[9] In a meeting with Bavaria authorities in January 1925, Hitler agreed to respect the authority of the state and promised that he would seek political power only through the democratic process. The meeting paved the way for the ban on the NSDAP to be lifted on 16 February.[10] That same year, Graf joined the re-established Nazi Party as member number 8. In 1929, he was re-elected as Councillor. By the time Hitler came to national power in 1933, he was a Sturmbannführer in the SS. In 1935, he again became Councillor of Munich. In 1936, Graf was elected to the Reichstag.

After the war ended, in 1948 Graf was sentenced to five years of hard labor.[11] He died in March 1950.[11]

See also

References

Citations

  1. ↑ Shirer 1990, p. 70.
  2. ↑ Shirer 1990, p. 79.
  3. ↑ Weale 2010, p. 16.
  4. ↑ McNab 2009, pp. 10, 11, 16.
  5. ↑ Shirer 1990, p. 112.
  6. ↑ Fulda 2009, pp. 68–69.
  7. ↑ Bullock 1962, p. 121.
  8. ↑ Shirer 1990, p. 174.
  9. ↑ "Images Index". digitale-sammlungen.de. Retrieved December 2016. Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  10. ↑ Kershaw 2008, pp. 158, 161, 162.
  11. 1 2 Shirer 1990.

Bibliography

  • Bullock, Alan (1962) [1952]. Hitler: A Study in Tyranny. London: Penguin Books. ISBN 978-0-14-013564-0.
  • Fulda, Bernhard (2009). Press and Politics in the Weimar Republic. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-954778-4.
  • Kershaw, Ian (2008). Hitler: A Biography. New York: W. W. Norton & Company. ISBN 978-0-393-06757-6.
  • McNab, Chris (2009). The SS: 1923–1945. Amber Books Ltd. ISBN 978-1-906626-49-5.
  • Shirer, William (1990) [1959]. The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich. New York: MJF Books. ISBN 978-1-56731-163-1.
  • Weale, Adrian (2010). The SS: A New History. London: Little, Brown. ISBN 978-1408703045.
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