''Ulmus'' 'Rugosa'

Ulmus 'Rugosa'
Genus Ulmus
Cultivar 'Rugosa'
Origin Europe

The elm cultivar Ulmus 'Rugosa' [:'wrinkled', the leaves], was first listed in Audibert's Tonelle (1817), as "U. campestris Linn. 'Rugosa' = orme d'Avignon (new species)", but without description.[1] Green identified this cultivar[2] with one listed by Hartwig and Rümpler in Illustrirtes Gehölzbuch (1875) as Ulmus montana var. rugosa Hort..[3] A cultivar of the same name appeared in Loddiges' catalogue of 1836 and was identified by Loudon in Arboretum et Fruticetum Britannicum (1838) as Ulmus montana var. rugosa Masters;[4] Masters accorded the tree the common name of maple-bark elm.[5] Ulmus montana was used both for wych cultivars and for hybrid cultivars of the Ulmus × hollandica group.[6]

Not to be confused with Späth's U. campestris rugosa.

Description

Loudon described his Ulmus montana var. rugosa as having "dark, reddish-brown bark, cracking into short, regular pieces, very like Acer campestre; a tree of spreading growth and moderate size". Hanham's Manual for Royal Victoria Park, Bath (1857) described the U. montana rugosa in that collection as "a spreading and moderate-sized tree, with rather irregular and contorted branches", its wrinkled leaves being "much smaller and rougher than the species and a deeper green".[7] Koch (1872) described Loddiges' Ulmus montana rugosa, "now cultivated under this name in the gardens and nurseries", as an elm "with elongated, thickish, deep-toothed leaves and with soft-haired young twigs". Though he had not seen its samarae, he was confident that it was "a very different elm" from the field elm 'Rugosa' cultivar.[8][9] Noting similarities between Ulmus montana rugosa and Ulmus crispa Willdenow, he conjectured that Ulmus montana rugosa, which has "similar but less frizzy leaves", may have arisen from Ulmus crispa.[9] The 'Rugosa' of Hartwig and Rümpler was described as having somewhat folded leaves, and being pyramidal, thick and bushy.[2]

Pests and diseases

Not known.

Cultivation

Loudon considered a tree labelled U. montana rugosa in the London Horticultural Society's Garden, with upright form and smaller, rougher leaves of a deeper green than those of wych elm, "probably not the U. montana rugosa of Mr. Masters". A specimen of U. montana rugosa, "the rugose Scotch elm", was among elms described at Royal Victoria Park, Bath, in the 1850s.[7] The Hesse Nursery of Weener, Germany, sold an Ulmus montana rugosa in the 1930s.[10]

A cultivar named U. × hollandica 'Rugosa Pendula' (though not notably pendulous) grows at the Morton Arboretum (Acc. no. 652-62), received from Arnold Arboretum as Ulmus hollandica 'Rugosa Pendula'.[11] It has leaves to 15 cm (see Gallery and 'External links').[12][13]

References

  1. ↑ Audibert, U., Catalogue des végétaux de tous genres cultivés dans les jardins et pépinières à Tonelle (Tarascon, France, 1817) p.23 catalogue of 1817
  2. 1 2 Green, Peter Shaw (1964). "Registration of cultivar names in Ulmus". Arnoldia. Arnold Arboretum, Harvard University. 24 (6–8): 41–80. Retrieved 16 February 2017.
  3. ↑ Hartwig and Rümpler, Illustrirtes Gehölzbuch 583, 1875
  4. ↑ Loudon, Arboretum et Fruticetum Britannicum, 3: 1398, 1838
  5. ↑ Masters, William (1831). Hortus Duroverni (3 ed.). p. 66.
  6. ↑ Katalog (PDF). 108. Berlin, Germany: L. Späth Baumschulenweg. 1902–1903. pp. 132–133.
  7. 1 2 Hanham, F. (1857). A Manual for the Park (Royal Victoria Park, Bath). Longman, London.
  8. ↑ Koch, Karl (1872). Dendrologie; Bäume, Sträucher und Halbsträucher, welche in Mittel- und Nord- Europa im Freien kultivirt werden. 2. p. 410.
  9. 1 2 Koch, Karl (1872). Dendrologie; Bäume, Sträucher und Halbsträucher, welche in Mittel- und Nord- Europa im Freien kultivirt werden. 2. p. 418.
  10. ↑ Hesse, Hermann Albert (1933). Preis- und Sortenliste. pp. 91–92. Retrieved 27 February 2018.
  11. ↑ quercus.mortonarb.org Ulmus hollandica 'Rugosa Pendula'
  12. ↑ bioportal.naturalis.nl U. × hollandica 'Rugosa Pendula' herbarium specimen with samara, Arnold Arboretum, 1930
  13. ↑ bioportal.naturalis.nl U. × hollandica 'Rugosa Pendula' herbarium specimen, Arnold Arboretum, 1930
  • "Herbarium specimen - L.1587027". Botany catalogues. Naturalis Biodiversity Center. New leaves and samarae; sheet described as U. hollandica Mill. rugosa pendula (Arnold Arboretum specimen, 1930)
  • "Herbarium specimen - L.1587028". Botany catalogues. Naturalis Biodiversity Center. Leaves; sheet described as U. hollandica Mill. rugosa pendula (Arnold Arboretum specimen, 1930)
  • "Herbarium specimen - L.1587079". Botany catalogues. Naturalis Biodiversity Center. Leaves; sheet described as U. hollandica Miller pendula Rehder, but identical to the above (Arnold Arboretum specimen, 1930)
  • "Herbarium specimen - L.1587029". Botany catalogues. Naturalis Biodiversity Center. Twigs and flowers; sheet described as U. hollandica Mill. rugosa pendula (Arnold Arboretum specimen, 1930)
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