''Ulmus'' 'Rubra'

Ulmus 'Rubra'
Genus Ulmus
Cultivar 'Rubra'
Origin France

The elm cultivar Ulmus 'Rubra' was reputedly cloned from a tree found by Vilmorin in a wood near Verrières-le-Buisson in the 1830s.[1][2] It was listed in the 1869 Catalogue of Simon-Louis, Metz, France, as Ulmus campestris rubra,[3] and by Planchon in de Candolle's Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis (1873) as Ulmus libero-rubra: 'Orme à liber rouge' [:elm with red inner bark].[4] Elwes and Henry (1913) and Bean (1936) listed it as Ulmus montana [:U. glabra Huds.] var. libro-rubro,[2][5] the former stating that the tree appeared "identical" to Simon-Louis's Ulmus campestris rubra. A specimen in the Zuiderpark, The Hague, was identified in 1940 as a wych elm cultivar, U. glabra Huds. libero rubro.[6]

Ulmus campestris rubra Hort. was distributed by the Louis van Houtte nursery of Ghent from the late 19th century,[7] and by the Späth nursery of Berlin in the early 20th century.[8] Krüssmann, in Handbuch der Laubgehölze 2: 535, 1962 confirmed it as a cultivar, Ulmus glabra Huds. 'Rubra'.[9]

Description

Henry regarded the tree as a form of wych elm, distinguished solely by the deep red or purplish-red colouring of the inner bark of young branchlets.[2][5][10]

Cultivation

No specimens are known to survive. The tree was propagated by grafting.[2] A specimen obtained from van Houtte in 1871 stood in Kew Gardens in the early 20th century,[2] and one obtained from Späth before 1914, and planted in that year, stood in the Ryston Hall arboretum, Norfolk.[11][12]

Synonymy

  • Ulmus libero-rubra: Planchon, in de Candolle Prodr, 17: 160 1873.
  • Ulmus libro-rubro: Elwes and Henry (1913), W. J. Bean (1936),[2][5]
  • Ulmus campestris rubra: Simon-Louis (1869)[13]

References

  1. ↑ John Claudius Loudon, Derby Arboretum, 1840, p.52
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Elwes, Henry John; Henry, Augustine (1913). The Trees of Great Britain & Ireland. 7. p. 1869.
  3. ↑ Simon-Louis Catalogue, Metz, 1869, p. 97
  4. ↑ Planchon in de Candolle, Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis, 17: 160 (1873)
  5. 1 2 3 Bean, W. J. (1936) Trees and shrubs hardy in Great Britain, 7th edition, Murray, London, vol. 2, p.618
  6. ↑ bioportal.naturalis.nl, specimen L.1587212
  7. ↑ Cultures de Louis van Houtte: Plantes Vivaces de Pleine Terre, Catalogue de Louis van Houtte, 1881-2, p.303
  8. ↑ Späth, Ludwig (1930). Späth-Buch, 1720-1930. Berlin: Self published. pp. 311–313, 351–352.
  9. ↑ Krüssman, Gerd, Manual of Cultivated Broad-Leaved Trees & Shrubs (1984 vol. 3)
  10. ↑ Green, Peter Shaw (1964). "Registration of cultivar names in Ulmus". Arnoldia. Arnold Arboretum, Harvard University. 24 (6–8): 41–80. Retrieved 16 February 2017.
  11. ↑ rystonhall.co.uk/
  12. ↑ Ryston Hall Arboretum catalogue. c. 1920. pp. 13–14.
  13. ↑ Simon-Louis Catalogue, Metz, 1869, p. 97
  • "Herbarium specimen - L.1587212". Botany catalogues. Naturalis Biodiversity Center. Sheet labelled U. glabra Huds. libero rubro, Den Haag, 1940
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