Sham
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Look up Sham or sham in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. |
Sham may refer to:
Arabic use
- Al-Sham, endonym of the region bordering the eastern Mediterranean Sea, usually known as the Levant or the region of Syria: Syria, Lebanon, Palestine, Jordan, Cyprus and the Turkish Hatay Province
- Bilad al-Sham, the Caliphate province of the same region
- ash-Shām, or Sham (الشام), another name for Damascus, one of the largest cities in the region
- Jund al-Sham, militant group based in Afghanistan, meaning "Army of Syria"
- Sham el-Nessim, Egyptian holiday marking the beginning of spring
- Sham, or Alsahm, the Arabic name for the star Alpha Sagittae
English use
- Fraud
- Sham drug as a quack remedy
- Sham election, another name for a show election
- Sham marriage, a marriage entered into with intent to deceive
- Sham peer review, a fraudulent or malicious form of peer review
- Hoax
- Placebo, any drug, surgery, or other treatment with intentional (and usually blinded) lack of efficacy
- Sham drug as a placebo used in a single- or double-blinded control group of experiments (see treatment and control groups)
- Sham surgery, surgery omitting the therapeutic component, performed in the single-blinded control group of experiments
- Name of a person or group of people
- Sam the Sham (born 1937), stage name of U.S. rock singer Domingo “Sam” Samudio
- Sham, nickname of Art Shamsky (born 1941), American Major League Baseball outfielder and Israel Baseball League manager
- Sham 69, English punk band
- Title of a work of art
- Sham (film), a lost 1921 silent film based on a Broadway play starring Ethel Clayton
- Sham (play), a 1920 one-act stage play by Frank G. Tompkins
- Other uses
- Sham, a name for the cover of a pillow
- SHAM, salicylhydroxamic acid, a drug that works against urinary tract infections
Chinese use
- Kohn–Sham equations, named after Walter Kohn and Lu Jeu Sham
- Sham Chun River, on the border of Hong Kong and mainland China
- Sham Shui Po District, a district of Hong Kong
- Sham Kwok Fai (born 1984), association football player from Hong Kong
Other uses
- Sham (horse), American Thoroughbred horse born in 1970 who won multiple graded stakes races
- Sham Stakes, a race named for the horse
- Sham, Iran
- Sham, a character in the X-Men 2099 comic book series
- Southern Hemisphere Annular Mode (SHAM), a climate pattern
See also
- Shaam (actor) (born 1978), actor and model from India
- Shams (disambiguation)
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