Richard Mór de Burgh, 1st Baron of Connaught

Arms of de Burgh: Or, a cross gules

Richard Mór de Burgh, 1st Lord of Connacht (c. 1194 – 1242),[1] was a Hiberno-Norman aristocrat and Justiciar of Ireland.

Background

De Burgh was the eldest son of William de Burgh and his wife who was a daughter of Domnall Mór Ua Briain, King of Thomond. De Burgh's principal estate was in the barony of Loughrea where he built a castle in 1236 and a town was founded. He also founded Galway town and Ballinasloe. The islands on Lough Mask and Lough Orben were also part of his demesne.

From the death of his father in 1206 to 1214, Richard was a ward of the crown of England until he received his inheritance. In 1215 he briefly served in the household of his uncle Hubert de Burgh, Earl of Kent. In 1223 and again in 1225 he was appointed seneschal of Munster and keeper of Limerick castle.[2]

Connacht

In 1224, Richard claimed Connacht, which had been granted to his father but never, in fact, conquered by him. He asserted that the grant to Cathal Crobdearg Ua Conchobair, the Gaelic king, after his father's death had been on condition of faithful service, and that his son Aedh mac Cathal Crobdearg Ua Conchobair, who succeeded Cathal that year, had forfeited it. He had the favour of the justiciar of England, Hubert de Burgh, and was awarded Connacht in May 1227. Having been given custody of the counties of Cork and Waterford and all the crown lands of Decies and Desmond, he was appointed Justiciar of Ireland from 1228 to 1232.

When in 1232 Hubert de Burgh fell from grace, Richard was able to distance himself and avoid being campaigned against by the King of England, Henry III. It was only in 1235 when he summoned the whole feudal host of the English lords and magnates to aid him that he expelled Felim mac Cathal Crobderg Ua Conchobair, the Gaelic king, from Connacht. He and his lieutenants received great shares of land, while Felim was obliged to do homage and was allowed only to keep five cantreds Roscommon from the Crown. Richard de Burgh held the remaining 25 cantreds of Connacht in chief of the crown of England. De Burgh took the title of "Lord of Connacht".[1]

Wife and children

Before 1225 he married Egidia de Lacy, daughter of Walter de Lacy, and Margaret de Braose. With this alliance he acquired the cantred of Eóghanacht Caisil with the castle of Ardmayle in Tipperary.

Richard de Burgh had three sons and may have had four daughters:

Richard died on 17 February 1241/42.

Family tree

  Walter de Burgh of Burgh Castle, Norfolk.
 =Alice[4]
  |
  |_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
  |                                    |                                                |                              |
  |                                    |                                                |                              |
 William de Burgh, died 1205.    Hubert de Burgh, 1st Earl of Kent, died 1243.  Geoffrey de Burgh, died 1228.  Thomas de Burgh
  |                                        (issue; John and Hubert)
  |________________________________________________________________________________________________________
  |                                                         |                                             |
  |                                                         |                                             |
 Richard Mór de Burgh, 1st lord of Connaught  Hubert de Burgh, Bishop of Limerick, died 1250.   Richard Óge de Burgh
  |                                                                                             (Burke of Clanricarde)
  |________________________________________________________________
  |                                                               |
  |                                                               |
  Walter de Burgh, 1st Earl of Ulster                    William Óg de Burgh
  |                                                               |
  |                                                               |
  Richard Óg de Burgh, 2nd Earl of Ulster                William Liath de Burgh
  |
  |__________________________________________________________________
  |                                                                 |
  |                                                                 |
  John de Burgh                                           Edmond de Burgh, 1298–1338.
  |                                                                 |
  |                                                                 |_______________________
  William Donn de Burgh, 3rd Earl of Ulster                         |                      |
  |                                                                 |                      |
  |                                                            Sir Richard, fl. 1387.   Sir David, fl. 1387.
  Elizabeth de Burgh, 4th Countess of Ulster                        |                      |
  |                                                                 |                      |
  |                                                      Burke of Castleconnell Burke of Muskerryquirk
  Philippa, 5th Countess of Ulster Burke of Brittas
  |
  |
  Roger Mortimer, 4th Earl of March

Notes

  1. 1 2 Curtis, Edmund (2004) [1950]. A History of Ireland (6th ed.). New York: Routledge. pp. 70–72. ISBN 0-415-27949-6.
  2. ↑ B. Smith, "Burgh, Richard de (died 1243)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. online edition, Oxford University Press, September 2004
  3. ↑ Mathew Paris, Chronica majora, iv, pp 628, 655.
  4. ↑ Family tree
    • A New History of Ireland, volume IX, Oxford, 1984;
      • Earls of Ulster and Lords of Connacht, 1205–1460 (De Burgh, De Lacy and Mortimer), p. 170;
      • Mac William Burkes: Mac William Iochtar (de Burgh), Lords of Lower Connacht and Viscounts of Mayo, 1332–1649, p. 171;
      • Burke of Clanricard: Mac William Uachtar (de Burgh), Lords of Upper Connacht and Earls of Clanricard, 1332–1722.

References

  • Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America Before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis; Lines 73-30, 177B-8, 177B-9.
  • The Tribes and customs of Hy-Many, John O'Donovan, 1843
  • The Surnames of Ireland, Edward MacLysaght, Dublin, 1978.
  • The Anglo-Normans in Co. Galway: the process of colonisation, Patrick Holland, Journal of the Galway Archaeological and Historical Society, vol. 41,(1987–88)
  • Excavation on the line of the medieval town defences of Loughrea, Co. Galway, J.G.A.& H.S., vol. 41, (1987–88)
  • Anglo-Norman Galway; rectangular earthworks and moated sites, Patrick Holland, J.G.A. & H.S., vol. 46 (1993)
  • Rindown Castle: a royal fortress in Co. Roscommon, Sheelagh Harbison, J.G.A. & H.S., vol. 47 (1995)
  • The Anglo-Norman landscape in County Galway; land-holdings, castles and settlements, Patrick Holland, J.G.A.& H.S., vol. 49 (1997)
  • Annals of Ulster at CELT: Corpus of Electronic Texts at University College Cork
  • Annals of Tigernach at CELT: Corpus of Electronic Texts at University College Cork
  • Revised edition of McCarthy's synchronisms at Trinity College Dublin.
  • Cawley, Charles, Medieval Lands Project on Richard Mor de Burgh, son of William, Lord of Connaught and his descendants, Medieval Lands database, Foundation for Medieval Genealogy ,
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