Project ARTICHOKE

Project ARTICHOKE (also referred to as Operation ARTICHOKE) was a CIA project that researched interrogation methods and arose from Project BLUEBIRD on August 20, 1951, run by the CIA's Office of Scientific Intelligence.[1]

A Central Intelligence Agency Project Artichoke document reads: "Not all viruses have to be lethal...the objective includes those that act as short-term and long-term incapacitating agents."[2]

The project studied hypnosis, forced morphine addiction (and subsequent forced withdrawal), and the use of other chemicals including LSD, to produce amnesia and other vulnerable states in subjects.

ARTICHOKE was a mind control program that gathered information together with the intelligence divisions of the Army, Navy, Air Force, and FBI. In addition, the scope of the project was outlined in a memo dated January 1952 that stated, "Can we get control of an individual to the point where he will do our bidding against his will and even against fundamental laws of nature, such as self-preservation?"[3][4][5][6][7]

Project Artichoke was the Central Intelligence Agency's secret code name for carrying out in-house and overseas experiments using LSD, hypnosis, and total isolation as a form of physiological harassment for special interrogations on human subjects.[8] The subjects who left this project were fogged with amnesia, resulting in faulty and vague memories of the experience.[9]

The CIA disputed which department would take over the operation. Finally, it was decided that an agent from the CIA research staff, former U.S. Army brigadier general Paul F. Gaynor, would oversee it.[10] The CIA sought to establish control over what it perceived as the "weaker" and "less intelligent" segments of society.[10] The operation took place in locations throughout Europe, Japan, Southeast Asia, and the Philippines.[10]

See also

Footnotes

  1. ↑ Science, Technology and the CIA
  2. ↑ Martell, Zoe; Albarelli, H.P. Jr. (July 21, 2010). "Florida Dengue Fever Outbreak Leads Back to CIA and Army Experiments". truth-out.org. Truth-Out. Retrieved April 4, 2015.
  3. ↑ Estabrooks, G.H. "Hypnosis comes of age". Science Digest, 44–50, April 1971.
  4. ↑ Gillmor, D. I Swear By Apollo: Dr. Ewen Cameron and the CIA-Brainwashing Experiments. Montreal: Eden Press, 1987.
  5. ↑ Scheflin, A. W., & Opton, E. M. The Mind Manipulators. New York: Paddington Press, 1978.
  6. ↑ Thomas, G. Journey into Madness: The Secret Story of Secret CIA Mind Control and Medical Abuse. New York: Bantam, 1989 (paperback 1990).
  7. ↑ Weinstein, H. Psychiatry and the CIA: Victims of Mind Control. Washington, D.C.: American Psychiatric Press, 1990.
  8. ↑ Goliszek, Andrew. In the Name of Science: A History of Secret Programs, Medical Research, and Human Experimentation. New York: St. Martins, 2003. Print.
  9. ↑ Goliszek, Andrew. In the Name of Science: A History of Secret Programs, Medical Research, and Human Experimentation. New York: St. Martins, 2003. Print.
  10. 1 2 3 Kaye, Jeffrey; Albarelli Jr, HP (May 23, 2010). "Cries From the Past: Torture's Ugly Echoes". truth-out.org. TruthOut. Retrieved March 3, 2018.

References

Coordinates: 38°57′06″N 77°08′48″W / 38.95167°N 77.14667°W / 38.95167; -77.14667

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