Pancasila Youth
| Pancasila Youth | |
|---|---|
| Pemuda Pancasila | |
| Leader(s) | Yapto Soerjosoemarno |
| Dates of operation | 1965- |
| Active region(s) | Indonesia |
| Ideology |
Anti-communism Fascist Pancasila Far Right Ultranationalist |
| Major actions | Beheadings, Tortures, Rapes |
| Notable attacks |
Indonesian killings of 1965–66 Maluku sectarian conflict |
| Size | 3,000,000 (2012) |
The Pancasila Youth (Indonesian: Pemuda Pancasila, PP) is an Indonesian Far Right paramilitary organization established by General Abdul Haris Nasution on 28 October 1959 as the youth wing of the League of Supporters of Indonesian Independence.[1][2][3] It has been headed since 1981 by Yapto Soerjosoemarno[4] and was one of the semi-official political gangster (preman) groups that supported the New Order military dictatorship of Suharto. The name refers to Pancasila, the official "five principles" of the Indonesian state. Pancasila Youth played an important role in supporting Suharto's military coup in 1965: they ran death squads for the Indonesian army, killing a million or more alleged communists and Chinese Indonesians across the province of North Sumatra, as described in the 2012 documentary The Act of Killing.
In the documentary, it is stated that the organisation currently has three million members. National membership estimates from the late 1990s ranged from four to ten million people.[4]
See also
References
- ↑ "Jakarta prominent mass organization and ethnic groups". Jakarta Post. 28 August 2009. Retrieved 8 May 2014.
- ↑ Hefner, Robert W. "Social Legacies and Possible Futures". Indonesia: The Great Transition. p. 120.
- ↑ Anderson, Benedict R. O'G. (Ed) (2001). Violence and the State in Suharto's Indonesia. SEAP Publications. p. 16. ISBN 9780877277293.
- 1 2 Youth Gangs and Otherwise in Indonesia Archived 2012-06-17 at the Wayback Machine.; RYTER, Loren, University of Michigan; presented at the Global Gangs Workshop, 14-15 May 2009
Further reading
- Ryter, Loren (October 1998). "Pemuda Pancasila: The Last Loyalist Free Men of Suharto's Order". Indonesia. 66: 45–73. doi:10.2307/3351447. Retrieved 1 June 2013.