Bak Yeon

Bak Yeon
Born 1378
Died 1458 (aged 80)
Other names Nangye
Occupation Musician

Bak Yeon (1378 – 1458), also known as Park Yeon, was a Korean musician of the Joseon period who adapted court music to the new Confucian philosophy, particularly in the concept of yeak, a Confucian ideology that combines ritual and music.

He appealed to King Sejong for the necessity of organizing the imperfect musical instrument coordination and compiling the sheet music, and correctly measured the notes according to his own 12 notes. And it has reformed the court music in general. Along with Wangsan of Goguryeo and Ureuk of Silla, it is considered one of the three most popular music saints in Korea.[1]

Life

Bak Yeon was born into a family of government officials in 1378 in Yeongdong. He learned how to play the piri, the bipa and the gayageum. He passed his gwageo exams at the age of 28. He taught the crown prince Grand Prince Chungnyeong who would later ascend the throne as Sejong the Great. After Sejong became king in 1418, he charged Bak Yeon with reviving music in the royal court. Bak Yeon organized music into three groups: aak, dangak and hyangak. Domestic production of musical instruments for aak was done under his direction.[2]

Bak Yeon helped Sejong to improve the music. It has contributed greatly to the completion of music from the early Joseon Dynasty by producing musical notes and Pyeongyeong. It is also listed in 'Nangyeyugo(蘭溪遺藁)' in 39 petitions, including the production of musical notes, the correction of the original notes, the claim to revise the axis system and the publication of music.[3]

Pedigree [4]

Great-grandfather : Park Sun-jung(朴純中)

  • Grandfather : Park Si-young(朴時庸)
    • Father : Park Cheok-seok(朴天錫)
    • Mother : Kim O(金珸)'s daughter
    • Father-in-law : the Minister Song Yoon(Bin)(宋贇).
      • Wife : Political affairs's wife(Yeosan Song)
        • Son : Park Maeng-woo(朴孟愚)
        • Son : Park Joong-woo(朴仲愚)
        • Son : Park Gye-woo(朴季愚)

Legacy

  • The Nangye Temple in Yeongdong is named after Bak Yeon and hosts a traditional music celebration every October
  • In the Nangye Museum of Traditional Music, Park Yeon's life and achievements are displayed in the Video Room and the Nangye Room. The Korean Music room displays wind instruments, strings, and percussion.[8]

References

  1. ↑ Doopedia 'Bak Yeon'
  2. ↑ Koehler, Robert (2015). Traditional Music. Seoul Selection. ISBN 1624120423.
  3. ↑ Encyclopedia of Korean Culture 'Bak Yeon'
  4. ↑ "박연(朴堧) - 한국민족문화대백과사전". encykorea.aks.ac.kr (in Korean). Retrieved 2018-04-18.
  5. ↑ "웹드라마 퐁당퐁당 LOVE : 네이버TV". tv.naver.com (in Korean). Retrieved 2018-04-28.
  6. ↑ "KBS 드라마 장영실". KBS (in Korean). Retrieved 2018-04-18.
  7. ↑ 박병기 (2018-02-26). "[충북소식] 박연 추모 뮤지컬 '여낙' 공연". 연합뉴스 (in Korean). Retrieved 2018-04-28.
  8. ↑ "난계국악박물관". korean.visitkorea.or.kr (in Korean). Retrieved 2018-05-13.
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