Outline of ancient Greece

The Acropolis of Athens

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Ancient Greece:

Geography of Ancient Greece

Regions of Ancient Greece

Regions of ancient Greece

Government and politics of ancient Greece

Ancient Greek law

Ancient Greek law

  • Ancient Greek lawmakers
    • Draco – first legislator of Athens in Ancient Greece. He replaced the prevailing system of oral law and blood feud by a written code to be enforced only by a court. Draco's written law became known for its harshness, with the adjective "draconian" referring to similarly unforgiving rules or laws.
  • Draconian constitution – first written constitution of Athens. So that no one would be unaware of them, they were posted on wooden tablets (ἄξονες - axones), where they were preserved for almost two centuries, on steles of the shape of three-sided pyramids (κύρβεις - kyrbeis).

Military history of ancient Greece

Greek hoplite and Persian warrior depicted fighting, on an ancient kylix, 5th century BC

Military history of ancient Greece

Military of ancient Greece

Military powers and alliances

Military conflicts

Achilles tending Patroclus wounded by an arrow (Attic red-figure kylix, c. 500 BC)
Alexander Mosaic showing the Battle of Issus, from the House of the Faun, Pompeii

General history of ancient Greece

Death mask, known as the Mask of Agamemnon, 16th century BC, probably the most famous artifact of Mycenaean Greece

Ancient Greek history, by period

Ancient Greek history, by region

Bust of Pericles, marble Roman copy after a Greek original from c. 430 BC
  • Ancient Athens
    • Athenian democracy – democracy in the Greek city-state of Athens developed around the fifth century BC, making Athens one of the first known democracies in the world, comprising the city of Athens and the surrounding territory of Attica. It was a system of direct democracy, in which eligible citizens voted directly on legislation and executive bills.
      • Solon (c. 638 – c. 558 BC)– Athenian statesman, lawmaker, and poet. Legislated against political, economic, and moral decline in archaic Athens. His reforms failed in the short term, yet he is often credited with having laid the foundations for Athenian democracy.[1][2][3][4]
      • Cleisthenes (born around 570 BC). – father of Athenian democracy. He reformed the constitution of ancient Athens and set it on a democratic footing in 508/7 BC.
      • Ephialtes (died 461 BC) – led the democratic revolution against the Athenian aristocracy, which exerted control through the Areopagus, the most powerful body in the state.[5] Ephialtes proposed a reduction of the Areopagus' powers, and the Ecclesia (the Athenian Assembly) adopted Ephialtes' proposal without opposition. This reform signaled the beginning of a new era of "radical democracy" for which Athens would become famous.
      • Pericles – arguably the most prominent and influential Greek statesman. When Ephialtes was assassinated for overthrowing the elitist Council of the Aeropagus, his deputy Pericles stepped in. He was elected strategos (one of ten such posts) in 445 BCE, which he held continuously until his death in 429 BCE, always by election of the Athenian Assembly. The period during which he led Athens, roughly from 461 to 429 BC, is known as the "Age of Pericles".
      • Ostracism – procedure under the Athenian democracy in which any citizen could be expelled from the city-state of Athens for ten years.
      • Areopagus – council of elders of Athens, similar to the Roman Senate. Like the Senate, its membership was restricted to those who had held high public office, in this case that of Archon.[6] In 594 BC, the Areopagus agreed to hand over its functions to Solon for reform.
      • Ecclesia – principal assembly of the democracy of ancient Athens during its "Golden Age" (480–404 BCE). It was the popular assembly, open to all male citizens with 2 years of military service. In 594 BC, Solon allowed all Athenian citizens to participate, regardless of class, even the thetes (manual laborers).
  • History of Sparta

Ancient Greek History, by subject

Works on ancient Greek history

Culture of ancient Greece

The Parthenon, shows the common structural features of Ancient Greek architecture: crepidoma, columns, entablature, and pediment
Ancient Greek theatre in Delos
Odeon of Herodes Atticus
Statues at the "House of Cleopatra" in Delos, Greece. Man and woman wearing the himation
Kylix, the most common drinking vessel in ancient Greece
Portrait of Demosthenes, statesman and orator of ancient Athens

Culture of ancient Greece

Architecture of ancient Greece

Art in ancient Greece

Croatian Apoxyomenos (detail), bronze statue from the 2nd or 1st century BC
Two youths feasting in a vineyard. Attic black-figure kylix, ca. 530 BC
Tondo of a red-figure kylix depicting Herakles and Athena, by Phoinix (potter) and Douris (painter),
ca. 480–470 BC
Bust of Homer, author of the Iliad and the Odyssey, two epic poems which are the central works of ancient Greek literature

Art in ancient Greece

Literature in ancient Greece

Literature in ancient Greece

Philosophy in ancient Greece

The School of Athens, a famous fresco by the Italian Renaissance artist Raphael, with Plato and Aristotle as the central figures in the scene

Philosophy in ancient Greece

Roman copy in marble of a Greek bronze bust of Aristotle by Lysippus, c. 330 BC

Language in ancient Greece

Early Greek alphabet on pottery

Ancient Greek

Religion in ancient Greece

Zeus, king of the Olympian gods
The Muses Clio, Euterpe, and Thalia, the inspirational goddesses of literature, science, and the arts in Greek mythologyby

Religion in ancient Greece

Sport in ancient Greece

Boxer at Rest, finest example of bronze Hellenistic sculpture

Sports

Equipment

Stadiums

Training facilities

Economy of ancient Greece

Economy of ancient Greece

Health in ancient Greece

Science of ancient Greece

Technology of ancient Greece

Ancient Greek technology

See also

References

  1. ↑ Stanton, G.R. Athenian Politics c800–500BC: A Sourcebook, Routledge, London (1990), p. 76.
  2. ↑ Andrews, A. Greek Society (Penguin 1967) 197
  3. ↑ E. Harris, A New Solution to the Riddle of the Seisachtheia, in 'The Development of the Polis in Archaic Greece', eds. L. Mitchell and P. Rhodes (Routledge 1997) 103
  4. ↑ Aristotle Politics 1273b 35–1274a 21.
  5. ↑ Fornara-Samons, Athens from Cleisthenes to Pericles, 24–25
  6. ↑ Aristotle, Constitution of the Athenians, §3.
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