Oriental stork

Oriental stork
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Ciconiiformes
Family: Ciconiidae
Genus: Ciconia
Species: C. boyciana
Binomial name
Ciconia boyciana
Swinhoe, 1873
Distribution map of Oriental stork
Yellow : Non breeding
Blue : Breeding

The Oriental stork (Ciconia boyciana) is a large, white bird with black wing feathers in the stork family Ciconiidae. It is closely related to and resembles the European white stork (C. ciconia), of which it was formerly often treated as a subspecies. It is typically larger than the white stork, at 100–129 cm (39.5–51 in) long, 110–150 cm (43–59 in) tall, a weight of 2.8–5.9 kg (6.2–13.0 lb) and a wingspan of 2.22 m (7.3 ft).[2][3] Unlike its more widespread cousin, the Oriental stork has red skin around its eye, with a whitish iris and black bill. Both sexes are similar. The female is slightly smaller than male. The young are white with orange bills.

At one time, the Oriental stork could be found in Japan, China, Korea and Russia. It is now extinct in Japan and the Korean peninsula. However, in May 2007 a hatchling was reported in Japan for the first time in 40 years in the wild. It was offspring of two storks who were bred in captivity.[4] There have been efforts to reintroduce the storks to the wild, but first changes in the environment must be accomplished.[5] The storks were harshly impacted by the growth of the rice industry and the subsequent use of pesticides.[6][7] There is a push for rice farmers to grow their plants organically so that the storks may breed and grow safely in their environments.[8] After breeding, the storks migrate to eastern China in September and return in March.[9][10]

The Oriental stork is a solitary bird except during the breeding season. Its diet consists mainly of fish, frogs, insects, small birds and reptiles, as well as rodents. The female usually lays between two and six eggs.

The scientific name commemorates Robert Henry Boyce.

Due to habitat loss and overhunting, the Oriental stork is classified as Endangered on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.[1] It is listed on Appendix I of CITES.

See also

References

  1. 1 2 BirdLife International (2013). "Ciconia boyciana". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2013.2. International Union for Conservation of Nature. Retrieved 26 November 2013.
  2. ↑ Hancock & Kushan, Storks, Ibises and Spoonbills of the World. Princeton University Press (1992), ISBN 978-0-12-322730-0
  3. ↑ CRC Handbook of Avian Body Masses by John B. Dunning Jr. (Editor). CRC Press (1992), ISBN 978-0-8493-4258-5.
  4. ↑ Endangered white storks hatch egg, Steve Jackson, BBC News, 20 May 2007.
  5. ↑ "Sustaining Agrarian Futures | Anthropology-News". www.anthropology-news.org. Retrieved 2018-07-18.
  6. ↑ Tatlow, Didi Kirsten. "Endangered and Targeted: Fight to Save Oriental Stork Captivates China". IHT Rendezvous. Retrieved 2018-07-18.
  7. ↑ "Japan looks to ancient wisdom to save biodiversity". Retrieved 2018-07-18.
  8. ↑ "Reintroducing the oriental white stork in Toyooka City | Payments for ecosystem services (PES)". www.biodic.go.jp. Retrieved 2018-07-18.
  9. ↑ "Ciconia boyciana (Japanese White Stork, Oriental Stork, Oriental White Stork)". www.iucnredlist.org. Retrieved 2018-07-18.
  10. ↑ "Oriental Stork (Ciconia boyciana) - BirdLife species factsheet". datazone.birdlife.org. Retrieved 2018-07-18.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.