National research and education network

A National Research and Education Network (NREN) is a specialised internet service provider dedicated to supporting the needs of the research and education communities within a country.

It is usually distinguished by support for a high-speed backbone network, often offering dedicated channels for individual research projects.

NRENs are usually the places where new Internet protocols and architectures are introduced before deployment within the Public Internet. Two examples of these protocols are IPv6 and IP multicast. Two examples of architecture are client/server and Cloud computing.

In recent years NRENs have also developed many 'above the net' services. National Identity federations, many of which are represented in REFEDs, are one example of such services.

List of NRENs by geographic area

East and Southern Africa

North Africa

  • TUREN - Tunisian NREN
  • MARWAN - Moroccan NREN
  • ENREN - Egyptian NREN
  • ARN - Algerian NREN
  • SudREN - Sudanese NREN
  • SomaliREN - Somali NREN

West and Central Africa

  • WACREN - West and Central African Research and Education Network
  • GARNET - Ghanaian NREN
  • GhREN - Ghanaian NREN
  • MaliREN - Mali NREN
  • Niger-REN - Nigerien NREN
  • RITER - Côte d'Ivoire NREN
  • SnRER - Senegalese NREN
  • NgREN - Nigerian NREN

Indian Subcontinent

  • AfgREN - Afghanistan NREN
  • BDREN - Bangladeshi NREN
  • ERNET - Indian NREN
  • NKN - Indian NREN
  • NREN - Nepal NREN
  • PERN - Pakistani NREN
  • LEARN - Sri Lankan NREN

Asia Pacific

  • APAN - Asia-Pacific Advanced Network
  • AARNet - Australian NREN
  • AfgREN - Afghanistan NREN
  • CSTNET - China Science and Technology Network
  • CERNET - China Education and Research Network
  • HARNET - Hong Kong NREN
  • KOREN - Korean NREN
  • KREONET- Korean NREN
  • IDREN - Indonesian NREN
  • SINET - Japanese NREN
  • MYREN - Malaysian NREN
  • NREN - Islamic Republic of Iran NREN
  • REANNZ - New Zealand NREN
  • PREGINET - Philippine NREN
  • SingAREN - Singaporean NREN
  • TWAREN - Taiwanese NREN
  • UniNet - Thai NREN
  • VinaRen - Vietnamese NREN
  • CamREN- Cambodia NREN
  • TEIN - Trans Eurasia Information Network

North America

  • United States – although advocated since the 1980s,[1] the U.S. does not have one single NREN.
NameType
Internet2national
National LambdaRailnational [closed]
vBNSnational [closed]
ESnetnational
NERENregional (New England)
CalRENstate (California)
CENstate (Connecticut)
Illinois Century Networkstate (Illinois)
KanRENstate (Kansas)
Merit Networkstate (Michigan)
NEROstate (Oregon)
NCRENstate (North Carolina)
NYSERNetstate (New York)
OARnetstate (Ohio)
OSHEANstate (Rhode Island)
PennRENstate (Pennsylvania)
UENstate (Utah)
  • Canada
NameType
CANARIEnational
ACORN-NLprovincial (Newfoundland and Labrador)
ACORN-NSprovincial (Nova Scotia)
BCNETprovincial (British Columbia)
Cyberaprovincial (Alberta)
GTAnetprovincial (Ontario)
ECNprovincial (New Brunswick and Prince Edward Island)
MRnetprovincial (Manitoba)
ORIONprovincial (Ontario)
RISQprovincial (Quebec)
SRNetprovincial (Saskatchewan)

Latin America

High-speed Fibre Optic Data Link to ALMA and REUNA.[2]
  • RedCLARA - Cooperación Latino Americana de Redes Avanzadas (Association of Latin American NRENs)
  • Innova-Red - Argentinian NREN
  • ADSIB - Bolivian NREN
  • RNP - Brazilian NREN
  • REUNA - Chilean NREN
  • RENATA - Colombian NREN
  • RedCONARE - Costa Rican NREN
  • CEDIA - Ecuadorian NREN
  • RAICES - El Salvadoran NREN
  • RAGIE - Guatemalan NREN
  • Universidad Tecnológica Centroamericana (UNITEC) - Honduran NREN
  • CUDI - Mexican NREN
  • RENIA - Nicaraguan NREN
  • RedCyT - Panamanian NREN
  • Arandu - Paraguayan NREN
  • RAAP - Peruvian NREN
  • RAU - Uruguayan NREN
  • REACCIUN CNTI?- Venezuelan NREN

Caribbean

  • C@ribNET - Caribbean NREN
  • TTRENT - Trinidad and Tobago NREN
  • JREN - Jamaica NREN
  • RADEI - NREN of the Dominican Republic

Europe

Nordic countries

Middle East

  • Maeen Saudi Arabia NREN
  • Eumedconnect - Mediterranean/North African Backbone
  • ANKABUT UAE NREN
  • OMREN Omani NREN
  • IUCC - Israeli NREN
  • JUnet Jordanian NREN
  • IRAN SHOA Iranian NREN
  • PALNREN Palestinian NREN
  • Lebanon
  • Birzeit Uni/AlQuds Palestinian Authority
  • QNREN - Qatar NREN
  • HIAST Syrian NREN

Central Asia

  • RUNNet RIPN RBnet- Russian University Network, Russian NREN
  • ASNET-AM - Armenian
  • AzRENA - Azerbaijan
  • BASNET UNIBEL Belarus
  • GRENA - Georgian NREN
  • KazRENA - Kazakhstan NREN
  • KRENA - Kyrgyzian NREN
  • TuRENA - Turkmenistan NREN
  • UZSCINET - Uzbekistan NREN

See also

References

  1. ↑ National Research Council (U.S.). National Research Network Review Committee, Leonard Kleinrock; et al. (1988). Toward a National Research Network. National Academies.
  2. ↑ "New High-speed Fibre Optic Data Link to ALMA". www.eso.org. European Southern Observatory. Retrieved 20 January 2015.
  • Overview of Uzbekistan NREN (UZSCINet) in CEENGINE newsletter
  • Overview of Ukrainian NRENs (URAN & UARNET) in CEENGINE newsletter
  • Overview of Albanian NREN (ANA-AL) in CEENGINE newsletter
  • Overview of Bulgarian NREN (BREN) in CEENGINE newsletter
  • Signing of Trinidad and Tobago NREN (TTRENT) in Trinidad Guardian newspaper

Annual Compendiums

Further reading and case studies

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