Nashik

Nashik
Nasik
Metropolis
Clockwise from top left: Trimbakeshwar Shiva Temple, Anjaneri waterfall, Pandavleni Caves, Kalaram Temple, Nashik city skyline, Nashik grapes, Sula Vineyards, Godavari Ghat
Nickname(s): Wine Capital of India, Spiritual City of Maharashtra, The Temple City, Pilgrimage City.
Nashik
Location of Nashik in Maharashtra
Nashik
Nashik (Maharashtra)
Coordinates: 20°00′N 73°47′E / 20.00°N 73.78°E / 20.00; 73.78Coordinates: 20°00′N 73°47′E / 20.00°N 73.78°E / 20.00; 73.78
Country  India
State Maharashtra
District Nashik
Government
  Type Mayor–Council
  Mayor Ranjana Bhansi (BJP)
  Municipal Commissioner Mr.Tukaram Mundhe
  Deputy Mayor Prathamesh Gite(BJP)
  Member Of Parliament Hemant Godse (Shivsena)
Area
  Metropolis 2,681 km2 (1,035 sq mi)
Elevation 584 m (1,916 ft)
Population (2011)[1]
  Metropolis 1,486,053 (4th in Maharashtra)
  Metro[2] 1,561,809
  Metro rank 29th
Demonym(s) Nashikkar, Nashikites
Language
  Official Marathi
Time zone UTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN 422 0xx
Telephone code 91(253)
Vehicle registration MH15(Nasik City);MH51(Sinnar-Gonde);MH41(Malegaon)
Website www.nashik.nic.in

Nashik (/ˈnʌʃɪk/ ( listen))[3] is an ancient holy city in the northwest region of Maharashtra in India. Situated on the banks of Godavari river (Ganges of the South), Nashik is best known for being one of Hindu pilgrimage sites, that of Kumbh Mela which is held every 12 years.[4][5]

The city located about 190 km north of state capital Mumbai, is called the "Wine Capital of India" as half of India’s vineyards and wineries are located in Nashik.[6][7] Nashik is also called the "Spiritual capital of Maharashtra."

Etymology

As per Ramayana, Nashik is the location on the banks of Godavari river where Laxman, by the wish of Lord Rama, cut the nose of Shurpanakha and thus this city was named as "Nashik".[5]

History

Geography

Nashik lies in the northern part of Maharashtra state at 584 m (1,916 ft)[8] from the mean sea level which gives it ideal temperature variation, particularly in winters.[6]

Nashik has lush mountainous terrain

The river Godavari originates from the Brahmagiri Mountain, Trimbakeshwar about 24 km (15 mi) from Nashik and flows through the old residential settlement, now in the central part of the city. Due to high pollution created by factories in proximity of the city the river was dying at an alarming rate. It has since been successfully cleaned.[9] Other than Godavari, important rivers like Vaitarana, Bhima, Girana flow across Nashik.[10]

Nashik lies on the western edge of the Deccan Plateau which is a volcanic formation.[11]

Trimbakeshwar is about 30 km (19 mi) from the city, it is where from river Godavari originates. The land area of the city is about 259.13 km2 (100.05 sq mi).[12] Anjaneri near Nashik is the birthplace of lord Hanuman.

Climate

The city's tropical location and high altitude combine to give it a relatively mild version of a tropical wet and dry climate. Temperatures rise slightly in October, but this is followed by the cool season from November to February. The cool season sees warm temperatures of around 28 °C during the day, but cool nights, with lows averaging 10 °C, and extremely dry air.

Climate data for Nashik
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 35.5
(95.9)
36.5
(97.7)
40.3
(104.5)
42.4
(108.3)
43.1
(109.6)
40.4
(104.7)
35.4
(95.7)
34.3
(93.7)
36.5
(97.7)
38.5
(101.3)
34.7
(94.5)
32.8
(91)
43.1
(109.6)
Average high °C (°F) 25.0
(77)
27.1
(80.8)
33.3
(91.9)
35.5
(95.9)
35.9
(96.6)
32.1
(89.8)
28.2
(82.8)
28.0
(82.4)
28.6
(83.5)
30.9
(87.6)
29.0
(84.2)
28.7
(83.7)
30.2
(86.4)
Average low °C (°F) 8.0
(46.4)
11.6
(52.9)
17.4
(63.3)
21.1
(70)
23.2
(73.8)
23.1
(73.6)
22.0
(71.6)
21.5
(70.7)
20.7
(69.3)
19.2
(66.6)
14.0
(57.2)
11.0
(51.8)
17.7
(63.9)
Record low °C (°F) 0.4
(32.7)
0.6
(33.1)
5.7
(42.3)
8.9
(48)
13.5
(56.3)
18.3
(64.9)
17
(63)
17
(63)
13.5
(56.3)
9.8
(49.6)
4.4
(39.9)
2.2
(36)
0.4
(32.7)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 0.0
(0)
0.0
(0)
1.5
(0.059)
0.1
(0.004)
5.1
(0.201)
235
(9.25)
386.7
(15.224)
255.9
(10.075)
230.9
(9.091)
56.5
(2.224)
18.9
(0.744)
0.4
(0.016)
1,191
(46.888)
Source: Climate data [13][14]

Civic administration

Nashik city is governed by the Nashik Municipal Corporation.[15]

Court

The Nashik Court Building is built in black stone in British Regime and the new building was inaugurated on 18 September 2005. There are 73 courts including taluka court.[16][17]

Solid waste management

In the Nashik Municipal Corporation area about 225 MT of solid waste is generated per day. Unlike other Indian cities, this garbage is collected by vehicles titled 'Ghantagadi' (meaning the vehicle with a bell): a system which has resulted in a Smaller versions of the ghantagadi ply in the congested old city areas. A plant has been set by the Nashik Municipal Corporation near Pandav Leni (Pandavleni Caves) to process the garbage and convert into compost.[18]

Ram Kund in Nashik; the city is an important Hindu pilgrimage destination

Demographics

Nashik is the fifth largest city in Maharashtra in terms of population after Mumbai, Pune, Nagpur and Thane. According to the Census of India, 2011, Nashik had a population of 1,486,053. Males constitute 782,517 of the population and females 703,536. Metropolitan Nashik population was 1,561,809 in which 821,921 were males and 739,888 were females. Nashik city had an average literacy rate of 89.85%: male literacy was 93.40%, and female literacy was 85.92%.[19]

The sex ratio is 894 per 1000 males for Nashik city. Child sex ratio is 865 girls per 1000 boys. In Nashik, 11.42% of the population is under 6 years of age.[20] In census year 2001 the Nashik Urban Agglomeration had a population of 11,52,326. Thus it was the fourth largest urban area of Maharashtra State after Mumbai, Pune and Nagpur. The projected population of Nashik urban agglomeration (which includes abutting urban areas like Deolali) as on 11 November 2012 is 15,62,769.[21]

Religions in Nashik City[22]
Religion Percent
Hindus
85.21%
Muslims
8.90%
Buddhist
3.18%
Jains
1.10%
Christian
1.00%
Sikhs
0.39%
Others†
0.22%
Distribution of religions
Includes not stated and others.

Art and culture

108 feet Rishabdev Bhagwan at Mangi Tungi

In February 2016, The Statue of Ahimsa, a 108 ft idol of first Jain tirthankara Rishabhdev carved in monolithic stone was consecrated at Mangi Tungi. It is recorded in the Guinness Book of World Records as the tallest Jain idol in the world.[23] It has become a major pilgrimage and tourist destination.

Cave No.10 "Nahapana Vihara" at Pandavleni caves, (circa 120 CE).
Trimbakeshwar Temple near Nashik (source of the Godavari River)

Pandavleni Caves

The Pandavleni Caves, or Nasik caves, are a group of 24 caves carved between the 1st century BCE and the 2nd century CE,[24] representing the Hinayana Buddhist caves and. Most of the caves are Viharas except for the 18th cave which is a Chaitya.[25] The location of the caves is a holy Buddhist site and is located about 8 km south of Nashik.

Dams

  • Gangapur Dam is on the river Godavari near Gangawadi village and it is earthen dam, Nashik.[26]
  • Chankapur dam which is on the Girna river is one of the big dams built by the British in the 19th century. It is 3 km from the village Abhona in Kalwan tehsil and 60 km from Nashik.
  • Kashypi Dam is on the Kashypi river near Rajapur, Nashik.
  • Girna Dam is an earthfill type of dam on river Girna near Nandgaon, Nashik District.
  • Darna Dam is a gravity dam on Darna river near Igatpuri, Nashik district.

Culture

Kumbh Mela

The 1989 Kumbh Mela at Nashik.

Nashik hosts one of the largest religious gatherings in the world known as Maha Kumbh. The Kumbh Mela is celebrated every six years at Haridwar and Allahabad and Maha Kumbh takes place every twelve years at four places in Allahabad, Haridwar, Ujjain, and Nashik. According to the Puranas, it is believed that Kumbh derives its name from an immortal pot of nectar, which the devtas (Gods) and demons fought over. The four places where the nectar fell are at the banks of river Godavari in Nashik, river Kshipra in Ujjain, river Ganges in Haridwar and at Triveni Sangam of Ganga, Yamuna and invisible Saraswati River in Allahabad.[27][4]

Economy

Agriculture

A grape vineyard in Nashik.

In early 1925, the table grape revolution was started in Ojhar, a small town near Nashik, by Raosaheb Jairam Krishna Gaikwad. Today, table grapes are exported to Europe, the Middle East, and Asia.[28]

The average Kharip crop area is 663,200 hectares while the average Rabbi crop area is 136500 hectares. The sown area is 658,763 hectares (99%) and the forest land is 340,000 hectares (21.75%). The uncultivable area is 23,000 hectares (1.48%).[29]

Rainwater harvesting

The Nashik Municipal Corporation has made it mandatory for new constructions in the city to install a rainwater harvesting system without which a completion certificate is not granted. This measure is expected to help recharge the aquifers and augment the groundwater level.[30]

Industry

The Igatpuri-Nashik-Sinnar investment region is an important node in the US$90 billion Delhi Mumbai Industrial Corridor Project.[31][32]

Mahindra Scorpio is manufactured at Mahindra & Mahindra plant in Nashik

Nashik is a defense and aerospace manufacturing hub with Hindustan Aeronautics Limited aircraft manufacturing plant located at Ozar.[33] The Currency Note Press[34] and India Security Press are on Nashik Road, where Indian currency and government stamp papers are printed respectively.[35]

Sukhoi Su-30MKI is manufactured at Hindustan Aeronautics Limited plant in Nashik

Existing industrial areas in Nashik district are Satpur, Ambad, Sinnar, Igatpuri, Dindori and Vinchur. The proposed additional areas are Sinnar, Malegaon and Rajur Bahula.[36]

Large-scale industries present in Nashik district are Atlas Copco, Robert Bosch GmbH, CEAT Limited, Crompton Greaves, Graphite India, Schneider Electric, ThyssenKrupp, Epcos, Everest Industries, Gabriel India, GlaxoSmithKline, Hindustan Coca-Cola, Hindustan Unilever Limited, Jindal Polyster, Jyoti Structures, Kirlosker Oil Engines, KSB Pumps, Larsen & Toubro, Mahindra and Mahindra, Mahindra Sona, United Spirits Limited, Perfect Circle Industries, Mahindra Ugine Steel, Samsonite, Shalimar Paints, Siemens, VIP Industries, Indian Oil Corporation, XLO India Limited and Jindal Saw.[37]

Apart from manufacturing, Nashik is an emerging investment destination for Information Technology companies. Tata Consultancy Services has invested in Nashik under the Government of India BPO promotion scheme (IBPS). Also WNS, ACRESS, Accenture, ICOMET technoloies[38] TCS has set up Digital Impact Square, or DISQ, which is a social innovation center.[39]

Nashik has a textile industry.[8] National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development has selected Yeola Block for development of Paithani Cluster.[8] To facilitate exports, a container freight station was started at MIDC Ambad by the Central Government.[40]

Wine industry

Tasting cellar at Sula Vineyards.

Nashik has been described as "The Wine Capital of India" the Nashik region reportedly produced 10,000 tonnes of grapes per year.[41]

There are 45 wineries in Nashik, out of 78 wineries throughout India total.[42] The largest vineyard in Nashik is the Sula Vineyards.[6]

Nashik is home to several wine festivals, such as India Grape Harvest (IGH), SulaFest etc. In the harvest season.[43][44]

Education

The city has two state-run universities, the Yashwantrao Chavan Maharashtra Open University and the Maharashtra University of Health Sciences.

International relations

Twin towns and sister cities

Transport

  1. Roadways- Nashik is well connected to others cities in India by Road. Two Nationals viz.(Mumbai Nashik Expressway & Nashik pune national highway[NH50]).
  2. Railways- Nasik Road railway station is city railway station.
  3. Airways- Nashik has its airport located at Ozar and an old airport at Gandhinagar which connected Nashik to Mumbai. The Gandhinagar Airport is now served for the Military. Nashik Airport is domestic Airport and well connected to other cities. There also had been a sea port constructed on Gangapur Dam to connect to Pune and Mumbai via a seaplane service which was operated by MEHAIR.
  4. Public Transport- In city people often mostly prefer auto rickshaw to travel through. City bus service is operated by MSRTC. The other options to travel are Ola and Uber. Maharashtra Metro Rail Corporation Limited has also planned metro rail network named as Greater Nashik Metro.

Notable people

References

  1. "Cities having population 1 lakh and above" (PDF). Census of India 2011. The Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 29 December 2012.
  2. "Major Agglomerations" (PDF). censusindia.gov.in. Retrieved 25 January 2014.
  3. "jjkent.com". jjkent.com. Archived from the original on 27 January 2013. Retrieved 28 September 2013.
  4. 1 2 "History of Kumbh Mela – Origin of Kumbh Mela". Kumbhamela.net. Retrieved 2015-07-02.
  5. 1 2 "Development and present Status of Nashik District" (PDF).
  6. 1 2 3 "Why Nashik is the wine capital of India - Asia-Pacific - RFI".
  7. "Visit Nashik, Wine Capital of India". CNN.
  8. 1 2 3 "Overview of District". Official Website of Nashik District. Nashik.nic.in. Archived from the original on 5 April 2015. Retrieved 1 February 2015.
  9. "geography".
  10. "geography".
  11. "Official WebSite of District". Nashik.nic.in. Archived from the original on 16 July 2011. Retrieved 2010-07-16.
  12. "History of Nashik". Nashikcorporation.com. Retrieved 2010-07-16.
  13. https://www.webcitation.org/6GmnoaB0m?url=http://www.imdpune.gov.in/Temp_Extremes/histext2010.pdf
  14. https://www.timeanddate.com/weather/india/nashik/climate
  15. Nashik Municipal Corporation
  16. History | Official Website of District Court Of India
  17. Nashik district court: Latest News, Videos and Nashik district court Photos | Times of India
  18. "Concept Paper on Preparation of City Development Plan For Three Cities of Jharkhand Under Jawaharlal Nehru Urban Renewal Missi" (PDF). Retrieved 2010-07-16.
  19. "2011 Census Nashik". India 2011 Census.
  20. "Nashik City Population Census 2011 – Maharashtra". Retrieved 27 July 2015.
  21. Thomas Brinkhoff (2010-01-23). "The Principal Agglomerations of the World – Population Statistics & Maps". Citypopulation.de. Retrieved 2010-07-16.
  22. "Nashik City Census 2011 data". Retrieved 19 May 2018.
  23. https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/nashik/Guinness-Book-to-certify-Mangi-Tungi-idol/articleshow/51275366.cms
  24. Empires: Perspectives from Archaeology and History by Susan E. mouurya p.168
  25. lonelyplanet
  26. "Official WebSite of Nashik District". Archived from the original on 10 August 2013. Retrieved 27 July 2015.
  27. "Official WebSite of Nashik District". Nashik.nic.in. Archived from the original on 6 April 2015. Retrieved 2 July 2015.
  28. Tushar Pawar, TNN 16 May 2012, 06.06AM IST (2012-05-16). "India's grape export up by nearly 60% this year – Times of India". Articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com. Retrieved 2013-09-28.
  29. "Official Website of Nashik District". Nashik.nic.in. 31 October 2012. Archived from the original on 1 July 2015. Retrieved 2 July 2015.
  30. "Concept Paper on Preparation of City Development Plan For Three Cities of Jharkhand Under Jawaharlal Nehru Urban Renewal Missi" (PDF). Retrieved 2010-07-16.
  31. "Delhi-Mumbai Industrial Corridor launched in Maharashtra". Financial Express. 4 March 2014. Retrieved 13 January 2018.
  32. Khapre, Shubhangi (10 February 2018). "Magnetic Maharashtra: Delhi-Mumbai industrial corridor to be showcased". Indian Express. Retrieved 19 May 2018.
  33. Welcome to HAL – Aircraft Division Archived 23 March 2013 at the Wayback Machine.
  34. "Currency Note Press, Nashik has Highest Ever Monthly Production of 451.5 Million Pieces (MPCS) of Banknotes during January, 2013". Press Information Bureau, Government of India. 8 February 2013.
  35. "CNPN Home". Cnpnashik.spmcil.com. 2010-10-21. Retrieved 2013-09-28.
  36. "MSME Nashik report" (PDF). dcmsme.gov.in.
  37. "Brief Industrial Profile of Nashik District" (PDF). GOI Ministry of MSME. 2017. Retrieved 2017-08-08.
  38. "India BPO promotion scheme". www.business-standard.com.
  39. "After Pune, Nashik is emerging as latest hub for tech startups in India". economictimes.indiatimes.com.
  40. "Industry". Official Website of Nashik District. Archived from the original on 6 April 2015.
  41. "Nashik Harvest". Food NDTV.
  42. "Business Standard". Business Standard.
  43. http://www.jamaicaobserver.com/lifestyle/Wines-from-Nashik---the-wine-capital-of-India_19223423.html
  44. "Leaders of Tomorrow: Nashik- The wine capital of India | The Economic Times Video | ET Now". Economictimes.indiatimes.com. Retrieved 2013-09-28.
  45. "Maharashtra Tourism". Retrieved 17 May 2018. Budapest and Nashik to be sister cities as collaboration between Hungary and Maharashtra to have a roadmap ahead for mutual synergies!Shri Jaykumar Rawal, Hon Minister Tourism, Shri Vijay Gautam IAS PS,Shri Aashutosh Rathod JtMD,interacting with the Hungary delegation at Sahyadri
  46. Veer Savarkar Biography – Vir Savarkar Indian Freedom Fighter – Vinayak Damodar Savarkar History
  47. "Young Achievers". Indian Express. 11 November 2013. Retrieved 5 January 2015.
  48. "Youth Icon". Maharashtra Times. March 16, 2013. Retrieved 5 August 2013.
  • Wikisource "Nasik". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). 1911.
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