Methane emissions
Global methane emissions are major part of the global greenhouse gas emissions. Methane in the atmosphere has a 100-year global warming potential of 34.[1]
Sources of atmospheric methane
Biogenic (b) methane is produced by microorganisms in a process called methanogenesis. Abiogenic (a) methane stored in rocks and soil stems from ancient biomass and the generation mechanisms are not the same as for other fossil fuels.
Anthropogenic
Anthropogenic sources:[2][3][4]
- industrial agriculture (b), s.a. climate change and agriculture[5]
- coal mining (a)
- municipal solid waste (b)
- municipal wastewater (b)
- fossil fuel production (a), up to 30-45% of atmospheric methane [6]
Natural sources
Natural sources that have always been a part of the methane cycle include:[7]
- Wetland methane emissions (b)
- Aerobic methane production (b)
- Arctic methane emissions (a), (b)?
With the ongoing draining for agricultural and building areas, wetlands and the associated methane production are on the decline.
By country
Country | 1970 | 2012 |
---|---|---|
10,202 | 13,763 | |
1,764 | 2,644 | |
12,857 | 48,527 | |
6 | 13 | |
n.a. | n.a. | |
23,377 | 18,974 | |
24 | 43 | |
84,918 | 88,476 | |
1,318 | 3,426 | |
10 | 23 | |
94,291 | 125,588 | |
9,022 | 8,007 | |
6,398 | 19,955 | |
94 | 227 | |
791 | 3,379 | |
91,305 | 105,142 | |
100 | 109 | |
12,125 | 16,620 | |
14,123 | 9,243 | |
96 | 228 | |
3,461 | 6,983 | |
20 | 31 | |
698 | 1,770 | |
16,509 | 23,231 | |
3,174 | 3,140 | |
5,232 | 4,448 | |
207,737 | 477,077 | |
13 | 19 | |
1,615 | 4,539 | |
9,940 | 11,794 | |
4,613 | 14,957 | |
1,469 | 2,719 | |
46 | 151 | |
20,087 | 35,915 | |
8,286 | 18,516 | |
67,296 | 106,847 | |
12 | 29 | |
28,890 | 85,677 | |
8,043 | 18,364 | |
Channel Islands | n.a. | n.a. |
10,913 | 18,381 | |
781,088 | 1,752,290 | |
36,921 | 67,979 | |
142 | 284 | |
119,583 | 75,336 | |
6,677 | 7,156 | |
2,599 | 2,315 | |
7,803 | 16,266 | |
2,986 | 4,708 | |
13,600 | 8,560 | |
n.a. | n.a. | |
341 | 642 | |
17,963 | 11,902 | |
7,692 | 7,603 | |
149 | 634 | |
16 | 41 | |
3,787 | 6,861 | |
6,621 | 15,786 | |
20,778 | 51,977 | |
2,239 | 3,032 | |
76 | 2,959 | |
1,797 | 2,894 | |
2,208 | 2,235 | |
32,687 | 64,481 | |
30 | 39 | |
416 | 715 | |
9,972 | 8,552 | |
82,882 | 81,179 | |
41 | 99 | |
876 | 3,894 | |
495 | 1,039 | |
3,493 | 5,019 | |
126,692 | 55,721 | |
5,230 | 21,078 | |
3 | 7 | |
5,872 | 8,255 | |
18 | 29 | |
25 | 37 | |
30 | 71 | |
3,217 | 6,877 | |
7,148 | 28,654 | |
542 | 1,421 | |
2,066 | 2,124 | |
2,956 | 4,587 | |
2,552 | 5,844 | |
704 | 3,147 | |
10,395 | 7,135 | |
308 | 359 | |
398,212 | 636,396 | |
126,665 | 223,316 | |
52,013 | 121,298 | |
19,682 | 24,351 | |
10,170 | 14,330 | |
n.a. | n.a. | |
1,301 | 3,416 | |
40,488 | 35,238 | |
821 | 1,316 | |
101,804 | 38,957 | |
362 | 2,115 | |
68,238 | 71,350 | |
12,009 | 28,027 | |
5 | 16 | |
15,007 | 18,983 | |
25,949 | 32,625 | |
n.a. | n.a. | |
21,910 | 12,691 | |
4,561 | 4,291 | |
6,976 | 15,011 | |
3,323 | 3,181 | |
545 | 1,150 | |
1,130 | 1,287 | |
493 | 1,586 | |
29,695 | 18,495 | |
n.a. | n.a. | |
4,584 | 4,806 | |
714 | 1,169 | |
49 | 151 | |
2,033 | 1,396 | |
15,194 | 20,070 | |
3,189 | 4,629 | |
14,317 | 34,271 | |
13 | 52 | |
8,281 | 18,042 | |
98 | 141 | |
2 | 8 | |
3,157 | 6,082 | |
169 | 311 | |
60,999 | 116,705 | |
17 | 30 | |
2,068 | 3,456 | |
n.a. | n.a. | |
6,735 | 6,257 | |
n.a. | n.a. | |
8,486 | 12,012 | |
12,793 | 9,968 | |
75,254 | 80,637 | |
4,004 | 5,097 | |
1 | 3 | |
17,364 | 23,982 | |
20,204 | 19,026 | |
180 | 215 | |
25,054 | 28,658 | |
4,007 | 6,492 | |
5,185 | 6,858 | |
35,196 | 89,782 | |
2 | 12 | |
6,866 | 16,409 | |
4,571 | 16,858 | |
56,503 | 158,337 | |
1 | 1 | |
2,324 | 3,378 | |
948 | 2,143 | |
10,145 | 16,246 | |
13,704 | 19,321 | |
43,211 | 57,170 | |
97,174 | 65,071 | |
6,731 | 12,976 | |
1,277 | 2,406 | |
4,776 | 41,124 | |
32,425 | 25,708 | |
338,496 | 545,819 | |
1,302 | 2,942 | |
63 | 133 | |
n.a. | n.a. | |
17 | 46 | |
31,740 | 62,903 | |
4,605 | 9,928 | |
n.a. | n.a. | |
9 | 24 | |
2,554 | 3,352 | |
658 | 2,386 | |
n.a. | n.a. | |
4,574 | 4,075 | |
2,099 | 2,822 | |
1,631 | 1,449 | |
9,542 | 16,206 | |
32,270 | 63,156 | |
n.a. | n.a. | |
26,509 | 37,208 | |
11,338 | 11,864 | |
26 | 30 | |
28 | 44 | |
n.a. | n.a. | |
23 | 40 | |
31,752 | 96,531 | |
941 | 709 | |
921 | 1,377 | |
10,082 | 10,304 | |
4,878 | 4,900 | |
2,425 | 12,783 | |
2,814 | 5,408 | |
25,218 | 27,994 | |
71,444 | 106,499 | |
412 | 732 | |
2,056 | 5,343 | |
32 | 61 | |
1,596 | 14,789 | |
2,531 | 7,647 | |
32,789 | 78,853 | |
10,821 | 22,009 | |
1 | 6 | |
2 | 3 | |
8,565 | 21,161 | |
74,352 | 68,061 | |
12,873 | 26,120 | |
120,054 | 58,980 | |
594,255 | 499,809 | |
14,524 | 19,549 | |
16,831 | 47,333 | |
128 | 254 | |
35,151 | 58,199 | |
54,145 | 113,564 | |
Virgin Islands (U.S.) | 16 | 47 |
n.a. | n.a. | |
2,205 | 8,940 | |
33,881 | 6,551 | |
8,497 | 8,589 | |
World | 5,305,820 | 8,014,067 |
See also
References
- ↑ Myhre, G., D. Shindell, F.-M. Bréon, W. Collins, J. Fuglestvedt, J. Huang, D. Koch, J.-F. Lamarque, D. Lee, B. Mendoza, T. Nakajima, A. Robock, G. Stephens, T. Takemura and H. Zhang (2013) "Anthropogenic and Natural Radiative Forcing". In: Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Stocker, T.F., D. Qin, G.-K. Plattner, M. Tignor, S.K. Allen, J. Boschung, A. Nauels, Y. Xia, V. Bex and P.M. Midgley (eds.). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA. Anthropogenic and Natural Radiative Forcing
- ↑ "Frequently Asked Questions". Global Methane Initiative. Retrieved 24 February 2015.
- ↑ https://www.epa.gov/ghgemissions/overview-greenhouse-gases
- ↑ http://www.globalmethane.org/documents/analysis_fs_en.pdf
- ↑ "Agriculture's greenhouse gas emissions on the rise". FAO. Retrieved 2017-04-19.
- ↑ "Fossil fuel industry's methane emissions far higher than thought". The Guardian. 2016.
Emissions of the powerful greenhouse gas from coal, oil and gas are up to 60% greater than previously estimated, meaning current climate prediction models should be revised, research shows
- ↑ Harvey Augenbraun, Elaine Matthews, and David Sarma. "EDUCATION: GLOBAL METHANE INVENTORY - The Global Methane Cycle". National Aeronautics and Space Administration/Goddard Institute for Space Studies.
- ↑ http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.ATM.METH.KT.CE
External links
- "Main sources of methane emissions". What's Your Impact. 2014-03-14. Retrieved 2018-03-06.
- "Greenhouse Gas Emissions - Methane Emissions". EIA. 2011-03-31. Retrieved 2018-03-06.
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