Mansukhlal Jhaveri

Mansukhlal Jhaveri
Native name મનસુખલાલ મગનલાલ ઝવેરી
Born Mansukhlal Maganlal Jhaveri
(1907-10-03)3 October 1907
Jamnagar, Gujarat
Died 27 August 1981(1981-08-27) (aged 73)
Mumbai
Occupation Poet, critic, literary historian
Language Gujarati
Nationality Indian
Notable works History of Gujarati Literature (1978)
Spouse Hasmukhgauri Jhaveri
Relatives Anu Gadhia (daughter)
Signature

Mansukhlal Maganlal Jhaveri (1907–1981) was a Gujarati language poet, critic, and literary historian of Gandhian era. He was deeply interested in classical Sanskrit poetry[1] and was also the author of History of Gujarati Literature (1978).

Biography

Mansukhlal Jhaveri was born on October 3, 1907 in Jamnagar. He completed his primary and secondary education in Jamnagar and matriculated in 1931. He acquired a Bachelor of Arts in 1935 and a Master of Arts in 1937 from Shamaldas College, Bhavnagar. He subsequently taught at Raiya College in Mumbai, Dharmendrasinhji College in Rajkot from 1940 to 1945 and St. Xavier's College in Mumbai from 1945 to 1958. From 1958 to 1963, he served as principal of Madhwani Arts and Commerce College, Porbandar. In 1966, he started to teach at Mumbai again but soon after became a principal at BEC College, Kolkata. He died on August 27, 1981, in Mumbai.[2]

He married Hasmukhgauri and had four daughters and a son. The Maryland-based psychotherapist and author Anita Gadhia-Smith is his granddaughter.[3]

Works

He had several pen-names such as Devaki Ayodhya, Punarvasu, Madilant, Samintiyajak, and Siddhartha.[4]

He published his first poetry collection in 1929, Chandradut, which is an adaptation of Meghadūta by Kālidāsa, written in Mandakranta meter. His other poetry collections are Phooldol (1933), Aaradhana (1939), Abhisar (1947), Anubhuti (1956) and Doomo Ogalyo (1975), which contain rhythmic poems about love, nature and God.[1] Deeply influenced by classical Sanskrit poetry, he also wrote poems on mythological themes such as Abhimanyu and Ashwatthama.[5][4]

According to the Encyclopedia of Indian Literature, he was a critic of the first order in the poet-critic tradition of Gujarati literature.[6] He deeply studied Eastern and Western concepts of literary criticism.[1] He published several books of critical articles and reviews including Thoda Vivechan Lekho (1944), Paryeshana (1952), Kavyavimarsha (1962), Abhigam (1966), Govardhanram (1967), Nhanalal (1967), Kanaiylal Munshi (1970), Umashankar Joshi (1971), Gujarati Sahityabhasha (1972), Balwantrai Thakor (1976), Aapno Kavita Vaibhav Vol. 1-2 (1974-1975), Drishtikon (1978), Gandhiyug Nu Sahitya (1978) and Umashankar Joshi - Natyakar (1979). In Aapno Kavita Vaibhav, he presented an anthology of Gujarati poetry from 1850 to 1973.[4]

He wrote History of Gujarati Literature (1978), in English. In collaboration with other writers, he wrote a history of Gujarati literature in Gujarati: Gujarati Sahityanu Rekhadarshan (1953).[4]

Some of his works, including Gujarati Bhasha: Vyakaran ane Lekhan (1946), Bhasha Parichay Part 1 to 4 (1951 to 1957) and Vakapriththakaran ane Suddhalekhan (1965), are based on Gujarati grammar and language. Dashamskandha (1942), Mari Shrestha Vartao (1952), Navi Kavita (1952; with others), Gujarati Tunki Varta (1960), Dayaram (1960) and Aapna Urmikavyo (1976) are the compilations he edited.[4]

He translated Kalidasa's Abhijnanshakuntalam as Smritibramsha athva Shapit Shakuntala (1928) into Gujarati. He also translated Shakespeare's Hamlet and Othello into Gujarati from English.[5][4]

Bibliography

  • Mansukhlal Maganlal Jhaveri (1978). History of Gujarati Literature. New Delhi: Sahitya Akademi.

See also

References

  1. 1 2 3 Nalini Natarajan; Emmanuel Sampath Nelson (1996). Handbook of Twentieth-century Literatures of India. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 115. ISBN 978-0-313-28778-7. Retrieved 9 December 2017.
  2. ↑ "મનસુખલાલ ઝવેરી, ગુજરાતી સાહિત્ય પરિષદ". Gujarati Sahitya Parishad (in Gujarati). Retrieved 2017-12-09.
  3. ↑ Dr. Anita Gadhia-Smith (6 April 2011). From Addiction to Recovery: A Therapist's Personal Journey. Bloomington: iUniverse. p. 4. ISBN 978-1-4620-0529-1. Retrieved 18 January 2018.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Topiwala, Chandrakant (1990). "Jhaveri Mansukhlal Maganlal". Gujarati Sahitya Kosh (Encyclopedia of Gujarati Literature). 2. Ahmedabad: Gujarati Sahitya Parishad. pp. 158–159.
  5. 1 2 Sisir Kumar Das (1991). History of Indian Literature: 1911-1956, struggle for freedom : triumph and tragedy. New Delhi: Sahitya Akademi. pp. 139 & 623. ISBN 978-81-7201-798-9. Retrieved 9 December 2017.
  6. ↑ Amaresh Datta (1987). Encyclopaedia of Indian Literature: A-Devo. New Delhi: Sahitya Akademi. p. 188 & 786. ISBN 978-81-260-1803-1. Retrieved 9 December 2017.
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