Los Altos de Jalisco
Los Altos de Jalisco | |
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Region | |
Valley of San Miguel el Alto, in Los Altos de Jalisco. | |
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Coordinates: 21°10′N 104°25′W / 21.17°N 104.41°WCoordinates: 21°10′N 104°25′W / 21.17°N 104.41°W | |
Municipalities | 27 |
States | 1 |
Population (2010) | |
• Total | 925,648 |
Demonym(s) | alteño (Highlander) |
Los Altos de Jalisco, or the Jaliscan Highlands, is a cultural region in the eastern part of the Mexican state of Jalisco. It is part of the macroregion of Bajío.[1]
History
The region's native inhabitants, the Chichimeca people, were conquered in the 16th century by Spanish conquistadors led by Captains Hernando Martel and Pedro de Anda in the Chichimeca War.
After the French intervention in Mexico within the early 1860s, the French forces were expelled from México under the order of General Eulogio Parra in 1866. However, some French communities stayed in the obscured areas of Los Altos, Jalisco.[2][3][4][5][6]
Tequila
Los Altos is one of the two main tequila producing regions in the state of Jalisco, the other being the municipality of Tequila, Jalisco. The main tequila producing center in the region is Arandas[7] and the second region is Atotonilco El Alto.[8]
Charro
The charro tradition was strong in Jalisco, to be specified in a region called Los Altos de Jalisco. In Spain, a charro is a native of the province of Salamanca, especially in the area of Alba de Tormes, Vitigudino, Ciudad Rodrigo and Ledesma.[9] It's likely that the Mexican charro tradition derived from Spanish horsemen who came from Salamanca and settled in Los Altos de Jalisco.
Pilgrimage
Los Altos have many shrines. San Juan de los Lagos is the second most visited pilgrimage shrine in Mexico, after the Basilica of Our Lady of Guadalupe in Mexico City . It is an important tourist attraction for the state of Jalisco.
Los Altos de Jalisco's Shrines
- Our Lady of San Juan de los Lagos, in San Juan de los Lagos.
- Our Lady of the Assumption, in Jalostotitlán.
- Martyred Saint Toribio Romo González, in Santa Ana de Guadalupe, municipal of Jalostotitlán.
- Martyred Blessed Anacleto González Flores in Tepatitlan de Morelos.
- Martyred Blessed Miguel Gomez Loza in San Francisco de Asis, municipal of Atotonilco el Alto.
- Martyred Saint Julio Alvarez Mendoz in San Julian, Jalisco.
- Martyred Saint Atilano Cruz-Alvarado in Teocaltiche.
- Venerable Mother Maria Luisa Josefa of the Most Blessed Sacrament in Atotonilco El Alto.
- Martyred Saint Pedro Esqueda Ramírez in Teocaltitán, municipal of Jalostotitlán.
- Martyred Saint Sabas Reyes Salazar in Tototlan.
- Holy Child of the Little Peanut (Santo Niño del Cacahuatito) in Mezquitic de la Magdalena in municipal of San Juan de los Lagos.
Administration
Since 1996, Los Altos has been organized administratively by the state of Jalisco into two regions, Altos Norte (North Altos) and Altos Sur (South Altos).
North Highlands Region
The North Highlands Region covers 8,882 km², which represents 11% of the state's territory. The municipalities in the region are the following:
- Encarnación de Díaz
- Lagos de Moreno
- Ojuelos de Jalisco
- San Diego de Alejandría
- San Juan de los Lagos
- Teocaltiche
- Unión de San Antonio
- Villa Hidalgo
The seat municipality is Lagos de Moreno. In this region, factories develop clothing, furniture, footwear, metal goods, sweets and jams. Some of the municipalities in this region have a very important livestock activity mainly in the production of dairy products.
South Highlands Region
The South Highlands Region has 6,667 km², which is 5% of the state's surface. The municipalities of this region are the following:
- Acatic
- Arandas
- Cañadas de Obregón
- Jalostotitlán
- Jesús María
- Mexticacán
- San Julián
- San Miguel el Alto
- Tepatitlán de Morelos
- Valle de Guadalupe
- Yahualica de González Gallo
- San Ignacio Cerro Gordo
- Capilla de Guadalupe
The seat municipality is Tepatitlán de Morelos. In this region is the most recent municipality of the State, San Ignacio Cerro Gordo, which was separated from Arandas. Traditionally Atotonilco el Alto, Ayotlán, Tototlán and Degollado belong to this southern zone of Los Altos. In general, the region has the production of tequila and the development of livestock, clothing, and various crafts.
.
Notable natives and residents
Politics
- Luis Alfonso de Alba Góngora, Mexican under-secretary for Latin America in the Secretary of Foreign Relations, former Mexican Representative to the United Nations
- Ramón Muñoz Gutiérrez, Senator of Jalisco in the Mexican Senate of the Republic
- Emilio González Márquez, former Governor of Jalisco
- Pedro Moreno, general and father of the Mexican War of Independence
- Francisco Primo de Verdad y Ramos, 18th-century lawyer and politician of colonial New Spain
- José María González Hermosillo, General of the Mexican War of Independence, originally Jalostotitlan.
- Miguel Hernández González, Former Mexican general of the Revolution and first leader general of Cristero War.
- Victoriano Ramírez, Mexican general of the Cristero War.
- Luis Magaña Servín, Martyr Lay member active in the Catholic Association of Mexican Youth (ACJM) in Arandas.
- Francisco Medina Ascencio, Mexican politician, Governor of Jalisco and Municipal President of Guadalajara.
- Vicente Fox, Mexican businessman and politician who served as the 55th President of Mexico, his paternal grandmother is native to Lagos de Moreno.
- Ángel Martínez, General of the Yaqui Wars, and Franco-Mexican War.
Culture
- Lola Álvarez Bravo, famed photographer, prominent figure of the post-Mexican Revolution artistic renaissance
- Juan Pablo Villalobos, author and entrepreneur
- José Rosas Moreno, 19th-century writer, fablist, and poet
- Mariano Azuela González, 19th/20th-century literary critic, novelist, and essayist
- Jorge González Camarena, Mexican painter, muralist and sculptor, his parents were originally from Arandas.
- Guillermo González Camarena, Mexican electrical engineer who was the inventor of a color-wheel type of color television, brother of Jorge.
- Indalecio Ramírez Ascencio, Historian and Author.
- Indalecio Ramírez López, Journalist and writer.
- Raúl Navarrete, Writer, novelist and poet.
Athletics
- Luis Fernando Macías, professional cyclist, silver medalist at the 2009 Pan-American Road and Track Championship
- Armando Reynoso Gutiérrez, baseball player for the Mexico national team, Mexican Baseball Hall of Fame member
- Isaác Brizuela Muñoz, Mexican-American footballer for C.D. Guadalajara
- Carmelo Reyes González, former professional wrestler
See also
References
- ↑ "Bajío, el nuevo milagro mexicano - T21". T21. Retrieved 7 September 2014.
- ↑ "The History of Jalisco". houstonculture. Retrieved 28 January 2017.
- ↑ "Presencia judía en Los Altos de Jalisco". Retrieved 28 January 2017.
- ↑ "Las Mujeres más Bellas del Mundo Están en Los Altos de Jalisco". Retrieved 28 January 2017.
- ↑ "Los Altos, región mestiza". Retrieved 28 January 2017.
- ↑ "Francisco Primitivo Martín". Retrieved 28 January 2017.
- ↑ Gobierno Municipal de Arandas Official website
- ↑ Gobierno Municipal de Atotonilco El Alto Official website
- ↑ charro in the Diccionario de la Real Academia Española.
- ↑ https://diariojudio.com/opinion/presencia-judia-en-los-altos-de-jalisco/14539/
Further reading
- Jim Tuck, "The Holy War in Los Altos: Regional Analysis of Mexico's Cristero Rebellion." Tucson, Arizona: University of Arizona Press, 1982, ISBN 0-8165-0779-1