List of proto-languages

Below is a list of proto-languages that have been reconstructed, ordered by geographic location.

Africa

• Proto-Afroasiatic language
  • Proto-Semitic language
  • Proto-Berber language
• Proto-Bantu language

Near East

• Proto-Anatolian language
• Proto-Northwest Caucasian language
  • Proto-Abazgi language
  • Proto-Circassian language
• Proto-Kartvelian language
  • Proto-Georgian-Zan language
• Proto-Semitic language

Europe

• Proto-Basque language
• Proto-Indo-European language
  • Proto-Anatolian language
  • Proto-Illyrian language
  • Proto-Albanian language
  • Proto-Greek language
  • Proto-Thracian language
  • Proto-Armenian language
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian language
    • Proto-Indo-Aryan language
    • Proto-Iranian language
  • Proto-Balto-Slavic language
    • Proto-Baltic language
    • Proto-Slavic language
  • Proto-Celtic language
  • Proto-Germanic language
    • Proto-Norse language
  • Proto-Italic language
    • Classical Latin (attested)
      • Vulgar Latin
        • Proto-Italo–Western Romance language
  • Proto-Tocharian language

North Asia

• Proto-Turkic language
• Proto-Mongolic language
• Proto-Korean language
• Proto-Japonic language
• Proto-Uralic language
  • Proto-Finno-Ugric language
  • Proto-Finnic language (Proto-Balto-Finnic language)
  • Proto-Mordvinic language
  • Proto-Permic language
  • Proto-Samic language
  • Proto-Mansi language
  • Proto-Khanty language
  • Proto-Samoyed language
• Proto-Chukotko-Kamchatkan language

South Asia

• Proto-Dravidian language
• Proto-Indo-European language
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian language
    • Proto-Indo-Aryan language
    • Proto-Iranian language

Pacific Rim

• Proto-Pama–Nyungan language
• Proto-Austronesian language (list)
  • Proto-Malayo-Polynesian language
    • Proto-Philippine language
    • Proto-Oceanic language
      • Proto-Polynesian language
• Proto-Kra–Dai language
  • Proto-Kra language
  • Proto-Kam–Sui language
  • Proto-Tai language (list)
  • Proto-Hlai language (list)
• Proto-Sino-Tibetan language
  • Proto-Tibeto-Burman language (list)
    • Proto-Loloish language
• Proto-Hmong–Mien language (list)
• Proto-Austroasiatic language
  • Proto-Aslian language
  • Proto-Khmeric language

Americas

• Proto-Eskimo–Aleut language
  • Proto-Eskimo language
• Proto-Algic language
  • Proto-Algonquian language
• Proto-Iroquoian language
• Proto-Uto-Aztecan language
  • Proto-Nahuan language
• Proto-Mayan language
• Proto-Oto-Manguean language
• Proto-Tupian language

Macrofamily reconstructions

These are hypothetical proto-languages that cannot be substantiated using the scientific methods of comparative linguistics.

• Boreal language
• Borean languages
• Eurasiatic languages
• Indo-Uralic languages
• Nostratic languages
• Proto-Dené–Caucasian language
• Proto-Human language
• Turit (The Tower of Babel language)