List of individual gemstones

A number of gemstones have gained fame, either because of their size and beauty or because of the people who owned or wore them. A list of famous gemstones follows.

Alexandrites

• Smithsonian museums' Alexandrite, the largest cut alexandrite weighing 65.08 carats.

Aquamarines

A birthstone.

• The Dom Pedro - The world's largest cut and polished aquamarine. Housed in the permanent collection of the Houston Museum of Natural Science

Diamonds

See List of famous diamonds

Emeralds

• Bahia Emerald^[1]
• Carolina Emperor,^[2][3] 310 carats uncut, 64.8 carats cut; discovered in the United States in 2009, resides in the North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences, Raleigh
• Chalk Emerald
• Duke of Devonshire Emerald
• Emerald of Saint Louis,^[4] 51.60 carats cut; discovered in Austria, probably Habachtal, resides in the National Museum of Natural History, Paris
• Gachalá Emerald^[5]
• Mogul Mughal Emerald
• Patricia Emerald,^[6] 632 carats uncut, dihexagonal (12 sided); discovered in Colombia in 1920, resides in the American Museum of Natural History, New York

Opals

• The Andamooka Opal, presented to Queen Elizabeth II, also known as the Queen's Opal
• The Flame Queen Opal
• The Halley's Comet Opal, the world's largest uncut black opal
• The Olympic Australis Opal, reported to be the largest and most valuable gem opal ever found

Pearl

• Arco Valley Pearl
• La Peregrina
• Satlada – A seven-stringed pearl necklace of the Nizams. Most pearls are white but can be other colors as well.
• The Pearl of Lao Tzu - Philippines
• The Pearl of Puerto - Largest pearl

Ruby

• The DeLong Star Ruby
• The Midnight Star Ruby
• The Neelanjali Ruby
• The Rajaratna Ruby
• The Rosser Reeves Ruby

Sapphires

• The Logan Sapphire
• The Nathan Sapphire
• The Star of Death Sapphire
• The Star of Bombay, given to Mary Pickford by Douglas Fairbanks, Sr
• The Star of India
• The Stuart Sapphire
• The Black Star of Queensland
• The Star of Adam, with a weight of 1,404.49 carats (280.898 g) The largest star sapphire in the world.

Spinels

• The Black Prince's Ruby, actually a spinel mounted on the Imperial State Crown
• The Samarian Spinel, the world's largest spinel
• The Timur Ruby, believed to be a ruby until 1851, hence its name

Topaz

• The American Golden Topaz, the largest cut yellow topaz, weighing nearly 23000 carats (4.6 kg).
• The Chalmers Topaz, a 5,899.5-carat (1.17990 kg) cut topaz.

Images

• 
  Wittelsbach-Graff Diamond
• 
  Gachalá Emerald
• 
  Black Prince's Ruby (front cross)
• 
  Logan Sapphire
• 
  Chalmers Topaz

References