Flindersia maculosa

Leopardwood
Flindersia maculosa
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
(unranked): Angiosperms
(unranked): Eudicots
(unranked): Rosids
Order: Sapindales
Family: Rutaceae
Genus: Flindersia
Species: F. maculosa
Binomial name
Flindersia maculosa
Synonyms

* Elaeodendron maculosum Lindl.

Flindersia maculosa is a tree in the citrus family. It is found in arid and semi arid areas in New South Wales and Queensland, Australia. Because of the spotted bark, it is known as the leopardwood or leopard tree.

The habitat is stony hills and sand plains of the warm semi-arid zone of the Australian continent. It can grow in areas with an annual average rainfall of less than 250 mm, such as at Mutawintji National Park.

Description

An elegant small tree, up to 15 metres tall, but it usually grows to be around 6–10 meters tall. The bark sheds irregularly resulting in a mottled trunk. Leaves are opposite, small and narrow. This gives the foliage a wispy appearance. Leaves 10 to 80 mm long, and 2.5 to 10 mm wide.

Small cream flowers form around November. The fruit is a spiky woody capsule 2.5 cm long, which opens to release the seeds. Seeds are around 1.8 cm long with a thin winged membrane on both ends.

Uses

In times of drought, it has been used as a fodder tree.[1]

The wood of the tree is sometimes used to construct fence posts and pick handles.[2]

Nectar from the buds, and gum from the bark has been used to make a sweet drink.[3] The drink from the gum has been used as a remedy for diarrhea.[4] Being drought resistant and attractive, the Leopardwood is an ornamental tree for drier areas.

Ecology

Larvae of the moth Opodiphthera astrophela feed on the leopardwood tree.[5] An unidentified beetle in the genus Anilara can cause serious damage to the leopardwood tree.[6] The mistletoe Amyema lucasii grows on the Leopardwood tree.[7]

Flindersia maculosa drawing by Margaret Flockton
A wedge-tailed eagle's nest in a fruiting leopardwood tree at Mutawintji National Park

References

  1. ↑ "Fodder harvesting" (PDF).
  2. ↑ "Flindersia maculosa (Family Rutaceae)". Species Bank. Department of the Environment and Water Resources, Commonwealth of Australia.
  3. ↑ "Bush foods: Talking about plants".
  4. ↑ "Native Australian Plants with Medicinal Uses". Archived from the original on 2007-09-28.
  5. ↑ "Opodiphthera astrophela (Walker, 1855)". Archived from the original on 2005-07-18.
  6. ↑ Trevor J. Hawkeswood. "Review of the biology of the genus Anilara Saunders, 1868 (Coleoptera: Buprestidae)" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-07-08.
  7. ↑ gluetext.com
  • "Flindersia maculosa". PlantNET - NSW Flora Online. Retrieved 2009-08-01.
  • "Flindersia maculosa (Lindl.) Benth". Atlas of Living Australia.
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