Küssnacht

Küssnacht

Coat of arms
Küssnacht
Location of Küssnacht
Küssnacht
Küssnacht (Canton of Schwyz)
Coordinates: 47°4′N 8°26′E / 47.067°N 8.433°E / 47.067; 8.433Coordinates: 47°4′N 8°26′E / 47.067°N 8.433°E / 47.067; 8.433
Country Switzerland
Canton Schwyz
District Küssnacht
Government
 • Mayor Bezirksammann
Michael Fuchs
Area[1]
 • Total 29.37 km2 (11.34 sq mi)
Elevation (Hauptplatz, Küssnacht) 441 m (1,447 ft)
Population (Dec 2016[2])
 • Total 12,512
 • Density 430/km2 (1,100/sq mi)
Postal code 6403
SFOS number 1331
Localities Küssnacht SZ, Immensee, Merlischachen
Surrounded by Greppen, Meggen, Adligenswil, Udligenswil, Meierskappel, Risch, Walchwil and Arth
Twin towns Küssaberg (Germany), Zduny (Poland)
Website www.kuessnacht.ch
SFSO statistics

Küssnacht am Rigi (official name since 2004: Küssnacht) is a village and a district and a municipality in the canton of Schwyz in Switzerland. The municipality consists of three villages Küssnacht, Immensee, and Merlischachen, the hamlet Haltikon, the industrial area Fänn, and the alp Seeboden. It is situated at the north shore of Lake Lucerne and at the south shore of Lake Zug below mount Rigi (1,797 m (5,896 ft)).

History

Astrid Chapel (Küssnacht), built on the site of Queen Astrid of Belgium's fatal road accident. The tree stump is what remained after 1992 of the original tree and was finally removed in 2010, being replaced by a fresh pear tree.

Küssnacht is first mentioned around 840 as in Chussenacho though this is from an 11th Century copy of the original document. In 1179 it was mentioned as Chussenacho.[3]

In 1424 Küssnacht became a district of the Canton of Schwyz.

According to the legend of Wilhelm Tell, the hero shot the Austrian bailiff Gessler at the Hohle Gasse near the Gesslerburg with his crossbow:

"Here through this deep defile he needs must pass; there leads no other road to Küssnacht."

— Friedrich Schiller, William Tell

On August 29, 1935, Queen Astrid of the Belgians was killed here in a road accident. A memorial chapel ("Königin-Astrid-Kapelle") was built at the accident scene. On March 4, 1989, the chapel was demolished by youths, to be restored later that year.

The well known Klausjagen ("Nicholas chase") festival takes place in Küssnacht every year on the eve of St. Nicholas Day (December 5). The festival, attended by about 20,000 people, consists of a parade of around 1,000 participants, and lasts far into the night.

Geography

View from Seebodenalp over Lake Zug
Küssnacht viewed from Rigi Kulm

Küssnacht has an area, (as of the 2004/09 survey) of 29.37 km2 (11.34 sq mi).[1] Of this area, about 55.8% is used for agricultural purposes, while 26.4% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 16.5% is settled (buildings or roads) and 1.3% is unproductive land. In the 2004/09 survey a total of 270 ha (670 acres) or about 9.2% of the total area was covered with buildings, an increase of 82 ha (200 acres) over the 1982 amount. Over the same time period, the amount of recreational space in the municipality increased by 44 ha (110 acres) and is now about 2.07% of the total area.

Of the agricultural land, 138 ha (340 acres) is used for orchards and vineyards, 1,344 ha (3,320 acres) is fields and grasslands and 200 ha (490 acres) consists of alpine grazing areas. Since 1982 the amount of agricultural land has decreased by 128 ha (320 acres). Over the same time period the amount of forested land has increased by 7 ha (17 acres). Rivers and lakes cover 16 ha (40 acres) in the municipality.[4][5]

The municipality is at the foot the Rigi mountain between the Lake of Lucerne and Lake Zug. It consists of the villages of Küssnacht, Immensee and Merlischachen as well as the hamlets of Haltikon and Seebodenalp.

It is the capital and only municipality of the district of Küssnacht.

Demographics

Küssnacht has a population (as of December 2016) of 12,512.[2] As of 2015, 21.1% of the population are resident foreign nationals. In 2015 a small minority (642 or 5.2% of the population) was born in Germany.[6] Over the last 5 years (2010-2015) the population has changed at a rate of 1.63%. The birth rate in the municipality, in 2015, was 10.4, while the death rate was 7.9 per thousand residents.[5]

Most of the population (as of 2000) speaks German (87.5%), with Albanian and Serbo-Croatian being each spoken by about 2.7% of the population.[7]

As of 2015, children and teenagers (0–19 years old) make up 19.6% of the population, while adults (20–64 years old) are 62.4% of the population and seniors (over 64 years old) make up 18.0%.[5] In 2015 there were 5,252 single residents, 5,620 people who were married or in a civil partnership, 570 widows or widowers and 981 divorced residents.[8]

In 2015 there were 5,360 private households in Küssnacht with an average household size of 2.27 persons. In 2015 about 40.6% of all buildings in the municipality were single family homes, which is less than the percentage in the canton (50.4%) and much less than the percentage nationally (57.4%).[9] Of the 1,980 inhabited buildings in the municipality, in 2000, about 45.5% were single family homes and 32.0% were multiple family buildings. Additionally, about 16.6% of the buildings were built before 1919, while 15.9% were built between 1991 and 2000.[10] In 2014 the rate of construction of new housing units per 1000 residents was 6.21. The vacancy rate for the municipality, in 2016, was 0.82%.[5]

The historical population is given in the following chart:[11]

Heritage sites of national significance

The Gesslerburg Castle and the Hohle Gasse with the Tell Chapel are listed as Swiss heritage sites of national significance. The village of Küssnacht am Rigi and the hamlet of Merlischachen are part of the Inventory of Swiss Heritage Sites.[12]

Politics

In the 2015 federal election the most popular party was the FDP with 32.9% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the SVP (29.9%), the CVP (20.6%) and the SP (11.0%). In the federal election, a total of 4,700 votes were cast, and the voter turnout was 57.3%. The 2015 election saw a large change in the voting when compared to 2011 with the percentage received for the FDP increasing from 24.2% to 32.9%.[13]

In the 2007 election the most popular party was the SVP which received 36.3% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the CVP (25.6%), the FDP (21.6%) and the SPS (12.1%).[7]

Education

In Küssnacht about 72.9% of the population (between age 25-64) have completed either non-mandatory upper secondary education or additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule).[7]

Economy

Küssnacht is classed as a regional business center.[14]

As of  2014, there were a total of 6,849 people employed in the municipality. Of these, a total of 306 people worked in 114 businesses in the primary economic sector. The secondary sector employed 2,659 workers in 191 separate businesses. There were 31 small businesses with a total of 779 employees and 13 mid sized businesses with a total of 1,449 employees. Finally, the tertiary sector provided 3,884 jobs in 821 businesses. There were 64 small businesses with a total of 1,626 employees and two mid sized businesses with a total of 256 employees.[15]

In 2015 a total of 6.2% of the population received social assistance.[5] In 2011 the unemployment rate in the municipality was 1.6%.[16]

In 2015 local hotels had a total of 61,077 overnight stays, of which 55.6% were international visitors.[17]

In 2015 the average cantonal, municipal and church tax rate in the municipality for a couple with two children making 80,000 SFr. was 3% while the rate for a single person making 150,000 SFr. was 9%. The canton has a slightly lower than average tax rate for those making 80,000 SFr. and one of the lowest for those making 150,000 SFr.. In 2013 the average income in the municipality per tax payer was 116,269 SFr. and the per person average was 54,036 SFr., which is greater than the cantonal averages of 114,716 SFr. and 51,545 SFr. respectively It is also greater than the national per tax payer average of 82,682 SFr. and the per person average of 35,825 SFr.[18]

Religion

From the 2000 census, 7,891 or 73.7% are Roman Catholic, while 1,152 or 10.8% belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church. Of the rest of the population, there are less than 5 individuals who belong to the Christian Catholic faith, there are 146 individuals (or about 1.36% of the population) who belong to the Eastern Orthodox Church, and there are 17 individuals (or about 0.16% of the population) who belong to another Christian church. There are less than 5 individuals who are Jewish, and 501 (or about 4.68% of the population) who are Islamic. There are 76 individuals (or about 0.71% of the population) who belong to another church (not listed on the census), 563 (or about 5.26% of the population) belong to no church, are agnostic or atheist, and 354 individuals (or about 3.31% of the population) did not answer the question.[19]

Crime

In 2014 the crime rate, of the over 200 crimes listed in the Swiss Criminal Code (running from murder, robbery and assault to accepting bribes and election fraud), in Küssnacht was 33.6 per thousand residents. This rate is only 52.0% of the average rate in the entire country. During the same period, the rate of drug crimes was 6.5 per thousand residents, which is 65.7% of the national rate. The rate of violations of immigration, visa and work permit laws was 2.8 per thousand residents, which is only 57.1% of the rate for the entire country.[20]

References

  1. 1 2 Arealstatistik Standard - Gemeindedaten nach 4 Hauptbereichen
  2. 1 2 Swiss Federal Statistical Office - STAT-TAB, online database – Ständige und nichtständige Wohnbevölkerung nach institutionellen Gliederungen, Geburtsort und Staatsangehörigkeit (in German) accessed 30 August 2017
  3. ↑ Küssnacht in German, French and Italian in the online Historical Dictionary of Switzerland.
  4. ↑ "Arealstatistik Land Use - Gemeinden nach 10 Klassen". http://www.landuse-stat.admin.ch. Swiss Federal Statistical Office. 24 November 2016. Retrieved 27 December 2016. External link in |website= (help)
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 Regionalporträts 2017: Swiss Federal Statistical Office (in German) accessed 18 May 2017
  6. ↑ Federal Statistical Office - Ständige und nichtständige Wohnbevölkerung nach institutionellen Gliederungen, Geburtsort und Staatsangehörigkeit (Land) accessed 31 October 2016
  7. 1 2 3 Swiss Federal Statistical Office Archived 2016-01-05 at the Wayback Machine. accessed 31-Aug-2009
  8. ↑ Swiss Federal Statistical Office - Ständige und nichtständige Wohnbevölkerung nach institutionellen Gliederungen, Geschlecht, Zivilstand und Geburtsort (in German) accessed 8 September 2016
  9. ↑ Statistical Atlas of Switzerland - Anteil Einfamilienhäuser am gesamten Gebäudebestand, 2015 accessed 18 May 2017
  10. ↑ Swiss Federal Statistical Office STAT-TAB - Thema 09 - Bau- und Wohnungswesen (in German) accessed 5 May 2016
  11. ↑ Swiss Federal Statistical Office STAT-TAB Bevölkerungsentwicklung nach institutionellen Gliederungen, 1850-2000 (in German) accessed 27 April 2016
  12. ↑ Swiss inventory of cultural property of national and regional significance, (in German) accessed 17 August 2016
  13. ↑ "Nationalratswahlen 2015: Stärke der Parteien und Wahlbeteiligung nach Gemeinden" [National council elections 2015: strength of the parties and voter turnout by municipality] (in German). Swiss Federal Statistical Office. Archived from the original on 2 August 2016. Retrieved 18 July 2016.
  14. ↑ "Die Raumgliederungen der Schweiz 2016" (in German, French, Italian, and English). Neuchâtel, Switzerland: Swiss Federal Statistical Office. 17 February 2016. Retrieved 14 December 2016.
  15. ↑ Federal Statistical Office -Arbeitsstätten und Beschäftigte nach Gemeinde, Wirtschaftssektor und Grössenklasse accessed 31 October 2016
  16. ↑ "Arbeitslosenquote 2011". Statistical Atlas of Switzerland. Swiss Federal Statistical Office. Retrieved 4 May 2017.
  17. ↑ Federal Statistical Office - Hotellerie: Ankünfte und Logiernächte der geöffneten Betriebe accessed 31 October 2016
  18. ↑ "18 - Öffentliche Finanzen > Steuern". Swiss Atlas. Swiss Federal Statistical Office. Retrieved 26 April 2017.
  19. ↑ Canton Schwyz Statistics Archived 2011-06-09 at the Wayback Machine. (in German) accessed 27 August 2009
  20. ↑ Statistical Atlas of Switzerland accessed 5 April 2016
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