Timeline of Kurdish uprisings
This is an incomplete list of Kurdish uprisings.
List of conflicts
Date | Uprising | Location | Result |
---|---|---|---|
838-841[1] | Kurdish-Yazidi uprising against the Abbasids | Abbasid Caliphate | Suppressed |
955-1071[2][3][4][5] | War against the Musafirid. | Rawadid dynasty | Victory |
990–1085 | Kurdish uprising | The Marwanids | Victory, led to the birth of the Marwanids dynasty |
1506–1510 | Kurdish-Yazidi uprising against the Safavids[6] | Suppressed when the Yazidi leader, Shír Ṣárim, was defeated in battle. | |
1609–1610 | Battle of Dimdim[7] | Suppressed | |
1775 | Bajalan uprising[8] | Suppressed | |
1806–1808 | Baban uprising[9] | Suppressed | |
1880–1881 | Revolt by Sheikh Ubeydullah of Nehri against the Qajars.[10][11] | Suppressed | |
1919 - 1922 - First Mahmud Barzanji Revolt | First Mahmud Barzanji revolt | Suppressed | |
1918–1922 | First Simko Shikak revolt | Suppressed | |
1918–2003 | Iraqi–Kurdish conflict | Victory | |
1918–present | Kurdish–Iranian conflict | Ongoing | |
6 March 1921 - 17 June 1921 | Koçgiri Rebellion | Suppressed | |
November 1922 - July 1924 | Second Mahmud Barzanji revolt | Creation of the Kingdom of Kurdistan[12][13] | |
8 February - March, 1925 | Sheikh Said rebellion[14] | Suppressed | |
1926 | Second Simko Shikak revolt | Suppressed, Simko Shikak flees to Mandatory Iraq | |
October 1927 - September 17, 1930 | First, second and third Ararat rebellion[15][16][17][18][19] | Suppressed, Republic of Ararat disbanded. | |
1931–1932 | Ahmed Barzani revolt | Suppressed, low-level insurgency continues through 1933, another revolt by Barzanis erupts in 1943 | |
1935 | Yazidi revolt of 1935 | Suppressed | |
20 March 1937 - November, 1937 and 2 January 1938 - December, 1938 | Dersim Rebellion | Suppressed, see Dersim Massacre | |
1941–1944 | Hama Rashid revolt | Suppressed, Hama Rashid driven into Iraq | |
November 1945 - December 15, 1946 | Iran crisis of 1946[20] | Creation of the Soviet-backed Republic of Mahabad, revolt later suppressed | |
11 September 1961 - 1970 | First Iraqi–Kurdish War | Stalemate, led to the Iraqi-Kurdish Autonomy Agreement of 1970 | |
1967 | 1967 Kurdish revolt in Iran | Suppressed | |
April 1974 - 1975 | Second Iraqi–Kurdish War | Suppressed, the Iraqi government re-establishes control over Kurdistan | |
1976–1978 | PUK insurgency | Indecisive, led to the Kurdish rebellion of 1983 | |
1979 | 1979 Kurdish rebellion in Iran | Suppressed | |
1983–1985 | Kurdish rebellion of 1983 | Indecisive, led to the Al-Anfal Campaign | |
15 August 1984 – present | Kurdish–Turkish conflict | Ongoing [21][22][23][24][25][26][27] | |
1986–1996 | KDPI insurgency | Suppressed; KDPI announces unilateral cease-fire in 1996 | |
1 March – 5 April 1991 | 1991 uprisings in Iraq | Victory; establishment of the Kurdish Autonomous Republic, also known as Iraqi Kurdistan | |
March 2004 | 2004 al-Qamishli riots | Suppressed | |
1 April 2004–present | Iran–PJAK conflict | Ongoing | |
19 July 2012–present | Syrian Kurdistan campaign of the Syrian civil war. | Kurdish fighters have taken control of 365 towns and villages in Syrian Kurdistan and 2 districts in Aleppo by September 2012.[28] | |
24 July 2015 – present | Kurdish–Turkish conflict | Ongoing | |
19 April 2016 – present | Western Iran clashes | Ongoing | |
24 August 2016 – 29 March 2017 | Turkish military intervention in Syria | Turkish-led gains against ISIL, status quo ante bellum against SDF | |
15 – 27 October 2017 | 2017 Iraqi–Kurdish conflict | Ceasefire | |
References
- ↑ M. Th. Houtsma, 1993, E. J. Brill's First Encyclopaedia of Islam, 1913-1936: Volume 4 - Page 1136, Brill
- ↑ Hugh Kennedy, The Prophet and the Age of the Caliphates The Kurdish dynasties which emerged in the second half of tenth century...the Rawwadids
- ↑ Sharaf Khan Bidlisi The Sharafnam̂a Rawwadi Kurds..
- ↑ Mehrdad R. Izady The Sharafnam̂a, or, The history of the Kurdish nation, 1597 "Rawwadi Kurds.."
- ↑ Ian Richard Netto, Encyclopaedia of Islam "There was a succession of Kurdish dynasties such as ... Rawwadids of Tabriz and Azerbayjan"
- ↑
- ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on October 11, 2008. Retrieved February 21, 2007.
- ↑ , p.533.
- ↑ , p.9
- ↑
- ↑
Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Kūrdistān § History". Encyclopædia Britannica. 15 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 951. - ↑ Encyclopedia of the Peoples of Africa and the Middle East, Kingdom of Kurdistan. Retrieved 5 November 2014.
- ↑ Der Kurdistan-Irak-Konflikt: der Weg zur Autonomie seit dem ersten Weltkrieg. Retrieved 5 November 2014.
- ↑
- ↑ Yusuf Mazhar, Cumhuriyet, 16 Temmuz 1930, ... Zilan harekatında imha edilenlerin sayısı 15,000 kadardır. Zilan Deresi ağzına kadar ceset dolmuştur...
- ↑ Ahmet Kahraman, ibid, p. 211, Karaköse, 14 (Özel muhabirimiz bildiriyor) ...
- ↑ Ayşe Hür, "Osmanlı'dan bugüne Kürtler ve Devlet-4" Archived 2011-02-25 at the Wayback Machine., Taraf, October 23, 2008, Retrieved August 16, 2010.
- ↑ M. Kalman, Belge, tanık ve yaşayanlarıyla Ağrı Direnişi 1926–1930, Pêrî Yayınları, İstanbul, 1997, ISBN 975-8245-01-5, p. 105.
- ↑ "Der Krieg am Ararat" (Telegramm unseres Korrespondenten) Berliner Tageblatt, October 3, 1930, "... die Türken in der Gegend von Zilan 220 Dörfer zerstört und 4500 Frauen und Greise massakriert."
- ↑ "CSP – Major Episodes of Political Violence, 1946–2008". Systemicpeace.org. June 12, 2013. Archived from the original on January 21, 2014. Retrieved November 14, 2013.
- ↑ "The PKK's withdrawal: An historic step". The Economist. 30 April 2013. Retrieved 22 July 2013.
- ↑ Letsch, Constanze (8 May 2013). "PKK begins to withdraw from Turkey". The Guardian. Retrieved 22 July 2013.
- ↑ "Nearly half of PKK terrorists reportedly withdraw from Turkey". Today's Zaman. 24 June 2013. Archived from the original on 26 June 2013. Retrieved 22 July 2013.
- ↑ "Turkey: PKK leader calls halt to armed struggle". Ansamed. 21 March 2013. Retrieved 21 March 2013.
- ↑ "Cautious Turkish PM welcomes Öcalan's call for end to armed struggle". Hürriyet daily news. 21 March 2013. Retrieved 21 March 2013.
- ↑ "Kurdish separatist group leader Öcalan calls to stop armed struggle". Trend AZ. 21 March 2013. Retrieved 21 March 2013.
- ↑ "Ocalan's farewell to arms brings Kurds hope for peace". Euronews. 21 March 2013. Retrieved 21 March 2013.
- ↑ "Vacuum of uprising gives Syrian Kurds rare freedom". Archived from the original on 23 September 2012. Retrieved 5 November 2014.
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