Gogugwon of Goguryeo

Gogugwon of Goguryeo
Hangul 고국원왕, 국강상왕[1]
Hanja 故國原王, 國岡上王
Revised Romanization Gogugwon-wang, Gukgangsang-wang
McCune–Reischauer Kogugwŏn-wang, Kukkangsang-wang
Birth name
Hangul 고사유, 유, or 쇠
Hanja 高斯由, 劉, or 釗
Revised Romanization Go Sayu, Yu, or Soe
McCune–Reischauer Ko Sayu, Yu, or Soe

King Gogugwon of Goguryeo (?–371, r. 331–371)[2] was the 16th king of Goguryeo, the northernmost of the Three Kingdoms of Korea. He was the son of King Micheon and Lady Ju.[2]

Goguryeo faced devastation by the Murong Xianbei people who attacked Goguryeo. Hwando was destroyed again by them in 341. Buyeo was also destroyed by the Xianbei in 346.[3]

The reign of Gogukwon was severely suffered from continuous foreign invasions, not only those of Chinese forces including Xianbei but also of Baekje, southernwest part of Korean peninsular. Particularly, the Xianbei state of Former Yan invaded the capital in 342, capturing Queen Ju, the mother of Gogukwon and his concubines and also digging up the corpse of his father, Micheon. Since the capital was thoroughly destroyed, Gogukwon firstly constructed Guknae seong as an alternative fortress in northern sphere[4] and temporarily moved the capital to Pyongyang, present-day capital of North Korea.[5] While he could get back the corpse of his father, it took about 13 years for his mother to return to Goguryeo.[2]

In 369, Gogukwon personally led expedition more than 20,000 troops.[6] Without success, Geunchogo's son Geungusu overtook counterattack and killed Gogugwon in battle at Pyongyang Castle, the only ruler of Goguryeo died in a battlefield.[2] He was buried in Gogugwon.

Depiction in arts and media

See also

References

  1. ↑ "고국원왕" (in Korean). Doopedia. Retrieved 2016-06-08.
  2. 1 2 3 4 "King Gogukwon". KBS Radio. KBS. Retrieved 1 February 2016.
  3. ↑ Chun, Ho-tae (2007). Koguryŏ = Koguryo, the origin of Korean power & pride. Sŏul-si: Tongbuga Yŏksa Chaedan. pp. 19–21. ISBN 9788991448834.
  4. ↑ Kim, Bushik (1145). Samguk Sagi. Retrieved 1 February 2016.
  5. ↑ Kim, Bushik (1145). Samguk Sagi. Retrieved 1 February 2016.
  6. ↑ Yoon, Nae-hyun; Lee, Hyun-hee; Park, Sung-soo (2005). New history of Korea. Paju: Jimoondang. p. 150. ISBN 9788988095850.
  7. ↑ "King Geunchogo". Hancinema. Retrieved 2016-06-13.
Gogugwon of Goguryeo
 Died: 371
Regnal titles
Preceded by
Micheon		 King of Goguryeo
331–371		 Succeeded by
Sosurim
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