Kidney bean

Kidney beans, red, boiled without salt
Uncooked red kidney beans
Nutritional value per 100 g (3.5 oz)
Energy 532 kJ (127 kcal)
22.8 g
Sugars 0.32 g
Dietary fiber 7.4 g
0.50 g
8.67 g
Vitamins Quantity %DV†
Thiamine (B1)
14%
0.16 mg
Riboflavin (B2)
5%
0.058 mg
Niacin (B3)
4%
0.578 mg
Vitamin B6
9%
0.12 mg
Folate (B9)
33%
130 μg
Vitamin C
1%
1.2 mg
Vitamin E
0%
0.03 mg
Vitamin K
8%
8.4 μg
Minerals Quantity %DV†
Calcium
3%
28 mg
Iron
23%
2.94 mg
Magnesium
13%
45 mg
Potassium
9%
403 mg
Sodium
0%
2 mg
Zinc
11%
1.07 mg
Other constituents Quantity
Water 66.94
Link to USDA Database entry
†Percentages are roughly approximated using US recommendations for adults.
Source: USDA Nutrient Database

The kidney bean is a variety of the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris). It is named for its visual resemblance in shape and colour to a kidney. Red kidney beans should not be confused with other red beans, such as adzuki beans.

Classification

There are different classifications of kidney beans, such as:

  • Red kidney bean (also known as: common kidney bean, Rajma in India, Surkh (Red) Lobia in Pakistan).
  • Light speckled kidney bean (and long shape light speckled kidney bean).
  • Red speckled kidney bean (and long shape light speckled kidney bean).
  • White kidney bean (also known as cannellini or Lobia in India or Safaid (White) Lobia in Pakistan).

Dishes

Curried rajma served with fried rice - a popular north Indian dish

Red kidney beans are commonly used in chili con carne and are an integral part of the cuisine in northern regions of India, where the beans are known as rajma and are used in a dish of the same name. Red kidney beans are used in New Orleans and much of southern Louisiana for the classic Monday Creole dish of red beans and rice. The smaller, darker red beans are also used, particularly in Louisiana families with a recent Caribbean heritage. Small kidney beans used in La Rioja, Spain, are called caparrones. In the Netherlands and Indonesia, kidney beans are usually served as soup called brenebon.[1] In the Levant a common dish consisting of kidney bean stew usually served with rice is known as fasoulia.

Bean Paste
Kidney beans are generally prepared from dried beans and boiling until they are soft. Kidney beans are dark red in color when they are whole cooked. Kidney bean paste can be made by cooking and pulverizing the beans to a dry paste.

Toxicity

Raw kidney beans contain relatively high amounts of phytohemagglutinin, and thus are more toxic than most other bean varieties if not pre-soaked and subsequently heated to the boiling point for at least 10 minutes. The US Food and Drug Administration recommends boiling for 30 minutes to ensure they reach a sufficient temperature long enough to completely destroy the toxin.[2] Cooking at the lower temperature of 80 °C (176 °F), such as in a slow cooker, can increase this danger and raise the toxin concentration up to fivefold.[3] Canned red kidney beans, though, are safe to use immediately.[4][5][6]

References

  1. ↑ "Recipe: Soup Brenebon". FAO.
  2. ↑ "Bad Bug Book (2012)" (pdf). Foodborne Pathogenic Microorganisms and Natural Toxins Handbook: Phytohaemagglutinin. Food and Drug Administration. 2012. Retrieved 26 December 2013. Consumers should boil the beans for at least 30 minutes to ensure that the product reaches sufficient temperature
  3. ↑ Phytohaemagglutinin. Foodborne Pathogenic Microorganisms and Natural Toxins Handbook, US Food and Drug Administration (2009)
  4. ↑ "Be Careful With Red Kidney Beans in The Slow Cooker". Mother Earth News.
  5. ↑ "Cooking safely with slow cookers and crock pots". foodsmart.govt.nz.
  6. ↑ "Raw Kidney Beans". Home Food Preservation (Penn State Extension).
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