John Waters

John Waters
Waters at Pen America/Free Expression Literature, May 2014
Born John Samuel Waters Jr.
(1946-04-22) April 22, 1946
Baltimore, Maryland, U.S.
Education Boys' Latin School of Maryland
Occupation Film director, screenwriter, producer, actor
Years active 1964–present
Notable work Hairspray
Pink Flamingos
Serial Mom
Multiple Maniacs
Home town Lutherville, Maryland, U.S.

John Samuel Waters Jr. (born April 22, 1946) is an American film director, screenwriter, author, actor, stand-up comedian, journalist, visual artist, and art collector, who rose to fame in the early 1970s for his transgressive cult films.[1]

Early life

Waters was born in Baltimore, Maryland, the son of Patricia Ann (née Whitaker) (1924–2014) and John Samuel Waters (1916–2008), who was a manufacturer of fire-protection equipment.[2] His family were upper-middle class Roman Catholics.[3] Waters grew up in Lutherville, Maryland, a suburb of Baltimore. His boyhood friend and muse Glenn Milstead, later known as Divine, also lived in Lutherville.[4]

The film Lili inspired an interest in puppets in the seven-year-old Waters, who proceeded to stage violent versions of Punch and Judy for children's birthday parties. Biographer Robrt L. Pela says that Waters' mother believes the puppets in Lili had the greatest influence on Waters' subsequent career (though Pela believes tacky films at a local drive-in, which the young Waters watched from a distance through binoculars, had a greater effect).[5]

Cry-Baby was also a product of Waters' boyhood, because of his fascination as a 7-year-old with the "Drapes" then receiving intense news coverage because of the murder of a young "drapette", coupled with his awed admiration for a young man who lived across the street and who possessed a hot rod.[6][7]

Waters was privately educated at the Calvert School in Baltimore. After attending Towson Jr. High School in Towson, Maryland,[8] and Calvert Hall College High School in nearby Towson, he ultimately graduated from Boys' Latin School of Maryland.[9]

In 1962, for his 16th birthday, Waters received an 8mm movie camera from his maternal grandmother, Stella Whitaker.

Career

Early career

Waters' first short film was Hag in a Black Leather Jacket. According to Waters, the film was shown only once in a "beatnik coffee house" in Baltimore, although in later years he has included it in his traveling photography exhibit.

Waters enrolled at New York University (NYU). The school, however, was not what Waters had in mind:

NYU...I was there for about five minutes. I don't know what I was thinking about. I went to one class and they kept talking about Potemkin and that isn't what I wanted to talk about. I had just gone to see Olga's House of Shame. That was what I was more into.

Extremely influential to his creative mind, Waters tells Robert K. Elder in an interview for The Film That Changed My Life, was The Wizard of Oz (1939).

I was always drawn to forbidden subject matter in the very, very beginning. The Wizard of Oz opened me up because it was one of the first movies I ever saw. It opened me up to villainy, to screenwriting, to costumes. And great dialogue. I think the witch has great, great dialogue.[10]

Waters has further credited his influences as, among others, Rainer Werner Fassbinder, Herschell Gordon Lewis, Federico Fellini, William Castle and Ingmar Bergman. He has stated that he takes an equal amount of joy and influence from high-brow "art" films and sleazy exploitation films.[11]

In January 1966, Waters and some friends were caught smoking marijuana on the grounds of NYU; he was soon kicked out of his NYU dormitory. Waters returned to Baltimore, where he completed his next two short films Roman Candles and Eat Your Makeup.[2] These were followed by the feature-length films Mondo Trasho and Multiple Maniacs.

Waters' films would become Divine's primary star vehicles. All of Waters' early films were shot in the Baltimore area with his company of local actors, the Dreamlanders. In addition to Divine, the group included Mink Stole, Cookie Mueller, Edith Massey, David Lochary, Mary Vivian Pearce, Susan Walsh, and others. These early films were among the first picked up for distribution by the fledgling New Line Cinema. Waters' later films premiered at Baltimore's Senator Theatre and sometimes at the Charles Theatre.

Waters' early campy movies present exaggerated characters in outrageous situations with hyperbolic dialogue. Pink Flamingos, Female Trouble, and Desperate Living, which he labeled the Trash Trilogy, pushed hard at the boundaries of conventional propriety and movie censorship. A particularly notorious scene from Pink Flamingos, added as a non sequitur to the film's end, featured—in one continuous take without special effects—a small dog defecating and Divine eating its feces.

Move toward the mainstream

Waters in New York City (2007, age 60)

Waters' 1981 film Polyester starred Divine opposite former teen idol Tab Hunter. Since then, his films have become less controversial and more mainstream, although works such as Hairspray, Cry-Baby, Serial Mom, Pecker, and Cecil B. Demented still retain his trademark inventiveness. The film Hairspray was turned into a hit Broadway musical that swept the 2003 Tony Awards, and a film adaptation of the Broadway musical was released in theaters on July 20, 2007, to positive reviews and commercial success. Cry-Baby, itself a musical, was also converted into a Broadway musical.

In 2004, the NC-17-rated A Dirty Shame marked a return to his earlier, more controversial work of the 1970s. He had a cameo in Jackass Number Two, which starred Dirty Shame co-star Johnny Knoxville, and another small role as paparazzo Pete Peters in 2004's Seed of Chucky.

John Waters signing a fan's jean jacket sleeve at the Massachusetts College of Art in Boston, 1990.

In 2007, Waters became the host ("The Groom Reaper") of 'Til Death Do Us Part, a program on America's Court TV network featuring dramatizations of marriages that soured and ended in murder.

In 2008, Waters was planning to make a children's Christmas film called Fruitcake[12] starring Johnny Knoxville and Parker Posey.[13] Filming was planned for November 2008,[14] but it was shelved in January 2009.[15] In 2010, Waters told the Chicago Tribune that "Independent films that cost $5 million are very hard to get made. I sold the idea, got a development deal, got paid a great salary to write it—and now the company is no longer around, which is the case with many independent film companies these days."[16]

Waters has often created characters with alliterated names for his films including Corny Collins, Cuddles Kovinsky, Donald and Donna Dasher, Dawn Davenport, Fat Fuck Frank, Francine Fishpaw, Link Larkin, Motormouth Maybelle, Mole McHenry, Penny and Prudy Pingleton, Ramona Ricketts, Sandy Sandstone, Sylvia Stickles, Todd Tomorrow, Tracy Turnblad, Ursula Udders, Wade Walker, and Wanda Woodward.

Fine art

Waters with historian Jon Wiener in 2010

Since the early 1990s, Waters has been making photo-based artwork and installations that have been internationally exhibited in galleries and museums. In 2004, the New Museum in New York City presented a retrospective of his artwork curated by Marvin Heiferman and Lisa Phillips. His most recent exhibition was Rear Projection in April 2009, at the Marianne Boesky Gallery in New York and the Gagosian Gallery in Los Angeles.[17] Waters has been represented by C. Grimaldis Gallery in Baltimore, Maryland, since 2002.[18]

Waters' pieces are often comical, such as Rush (2009), a super-sized, tipped-over bottle of poppers (nitrite inhalants) and Hardy Har (2006), a photograph of flowers that squirts water at anyone who traverses a taped line on the floor. Waters has characterized his art as conceptual: "The craft is not the issue here. The idea is. And the presentation."[19]

Other interests

Waters is a bibliophile, with a collection of over 8,000 books. In 2011, during a visit to the Waters house in Baltimore, Andrew Edgecliffe-Johnson observed:

Bookshelves line the walls but they are not enough. The coffee table, desk and side tables are heaped with books, as is the replica electric chair in the hall. They range from Taschen art tomes such as The Big Butt Book to Jean Genet paperbacks and a Hungarian translation of Tennessee Williams with a pulp fiction cover. In one corner sits a doll from the horror spoof Seed of Chucky, in which Waters appeared. It feels like an eccentric professor's study, or a carefully curated exhibition based on the life of a fictional character.[20]

Waters has had his fan mail delivered to Atomic Books, an independent bookstore in Baltimore, for over 20 years.[21]

Puffing constantly on a cigarette, Waters appeared in a short film shown in film art houses announcing that "no smoking" is permitted in the theaters. The 'No Smoking' spot, starring Waters, was directed by Douglas Brian Martin and produced by Douglas Brian Martin and Steven M. Martin along with two other short films, for the Nuart Theatre (a Landmark Theater) in West Los Angeles, California, in appreciation to the theater for showing Pink Flamingos for many years. It is shown immediately before any of his films, and before the midnight movie showing of The Rocky Horror Picture Show. Waters has since quit smoking himself.

Waters played a minister in Blood Feast 2: All U Can Eat, which was directed by one of his idols, Herschell Gordon Lewis, and is a sequel to one of his favorite exploitation films.

Waters serves as a board member of Maryland Film Festival, and has selected and hosted one favorite feature film within each Maryland Film Festival since its launch in 1999. Waters' picks have ranged from Joseph Losey's Boom! to Gaspar Noé's I Stand Alone.

He is a contributor to Artforum magazine and author of its annual year-end list of top-ten films.[22]

Carsick

With the motif "My life is so over-scheduled, what will happen if I give up control?", Waters completed a hitchhiking journey across the United States from Baltimore to San Francisco, turning his adventures into a book entitled Carsick.[23] On May 15, 2012, while on the hitchhiking trip, Waters was picked up by 20-year-old Myersville, Maryland, councilman Brett Bidle, who thought Waters was a homeless hitchhiker standing in the pouring rain. Feeling bad for Waters, he agreed to drive him four hours to Ohio.[24]

The next day, indie rock band Here We Go Magic tweeted that they had picked John Waters up hitchhiking in Ohio. He was wearing a hat with the text "Scum of the Earth".[25] In Denver, Colorado, Waters reconnected with Bidle (who had made an effort to catch up with him); Bidle then drove him another 1,000 miles (1,600 km) to Reno, Nevada. Before parting ways, Waters arranged for Bidle to stay at his San Francisco apartment: "I thought, you know what, he wanted an adventure, too ... He's the first Republican I'd ever vote for."[23]

Bidle later said: "We are polar opposites when it comes to our politics, religious beliefs. But that's what I loved about the whole trip. It was two people able to agree to disagree and still move on and have a great time. I think that's what America's all about."[23]

Awards

In 1999, Waters was honored with the Filmmaker on the Edge Award at the Provincetown International Film Festival. In September 2015, the British Film Institute ran a programme to celebrate 50 years of Waters films which included all of his early films, some previously unscreened in the UK. Waters also programmed a side-bar including six of his favourite British films and took part in an on-stage interview with BFI season curator Justin Johnson.

In 2014, Waters was nominated for a Grammy for the spoken word version of his book, Carsick. His followup record, Make Trouble, was produced by Grammy-winning producer, Ian Brennan, and released on Jack White's Third Man Records in the fall of 2017.[26]

In 2018, Waters was named an Officier of the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres, a cultural award from the French government.[27]

Personal life

In 2009, Waters advocated the parole of former Manson family member Leslie Van Houten. He devotes a chapter to Van Houten in his book Role Models published by Farrar, Straus and Giroux in May 2010.[28][29][30]

In 2011, Waters visited Lake Forest College to give a speech, and was interviewed by the professor Davis Schneiderman.[31]

Although he maintains apartments in New York City and San Francisco, and a summer home in Provincetown, Waters still mainly resides in his hometown of Baltimore, Maryland, where all his films are set. He is recognizable by his trademark pencil moustache.

An openly gay man, Waters is an avid supporter of gay rights and gay pride.[32]

Waters was a great fan of the music of Little Richard when growing up. Ever since he shoplifted a copy of the Little Richard song "Lucille" in 1957, at the age of 11, Waters asserted, "I've wished I could somehow climb into Little Richard's body, hook up his heart and vocal cords to my own, and switch identities." In 1987, Playboy magazine employed Waters, then aged 41, to interview his idol, but the interview did not go well, with Waters later remarking: "It turned into kind of a disaster."[33]

Recurring cast members

Waters often casts certain actors/actresses more than once in his films.

ActorMondo Trasho (1969)Multiple Maniacs (1970)Pink Flamingos (1972)Female Trouble (1974)Desperate Living (1977)Polyester (1981)Hairspray (1988)Cry-Baby (1990)Serial Mom (1994)Pecker (1998)Cecil B. Demented (2000)A Dirty Shame (2004)
Divine
Regi Davis
Patricia Hearst
Jean Hill
Ricki Lake
David Lochary
Traci Lords
Susan Lowe
Edith Massey
Cookie Mueller
Mary Vivian Pearce
Mink Stole
Susan Walsh
Alan J. Wendl
Channing Wilroy

Filmography

YearTitleCredited asNotesRef(s)
DirectorWriterProducerActor
1964 Hag in a Black Leather Jacket Yes Yes Yes Yes Short film [34]
1966 Roman Candles Yes Yes Yes Yes Short film [35]
1968 Eat Your Makeup Yes Yes Yes Yes Short film [35]
1969 Mondo Trasho Yes Yes Yes No [36]
1970 The Diane Linkletter Story Yes Yes Yes No Short film [37]
Multiple Maniacs Yes Yes Yes No [37]
1972 Pink Flamingos Yes Yes Yes Yes Role: Mr. Jay (voice) [38]
1974 Female Trouble Yes Yes Yes No [39]
1977 Desperate Living Yes Yes Yes No [40]
1981 Polyester Yes Yes Yes No [41]
1986 Something Wild No No No Yes Role: Used car salesman [42]
1988 Hairspray Yes Yes Yes Yes Role: Dr. Frederickson [43]
1989 Homer and Eddie No No No Yes Role: Robber #1 [44]
1990 Cry-Baby Yes Yes No No [45]
1994 Serial Mom Yes Yes No No Role: Ted Bundy (voice, uncredited) [46]
1998 Pecker Yes Yes No No [47]
1999 Sweet and Lowdown No No No Yes Role: Mr. Haynes [48]
2000 Cecil B. Demented Yes Yes No No [49]
2002 Blood Feast 2: All U Can Eat No No No Yes Role: The Reverend [50]
2004 Seed of Chucky No No No Yes Role: Pete Peters [51]
A Dirty Shame Yes Yes No No [52]
2007 Hairspray No Yes No Yes Original screenplay
Role: Flasher		 [53]
The Junior Defenders No No No Yes Role: Narrator [54]
In the Land of Merry Misfits No No No Yes Role: Narrator [55]
2011 Mangus! No No No Yes Role: Jesus [56]
Of Dolls and Murder No No No Yes Role: Narrator [57]
2012 Excision No No No Yes Role: William [58]
2014 Suburban Gothic No No No Yes Role: Cornelius [59]
Mugworth No No No Yes Role: Sir Butler (voice) [60]
2015 Alvin and the Chipmunks: The Road Chip No No No Yes Role: Airplane passenger [61]

Television

Actor

Voice actor

Other appearances

Documentary appearances

Other works

Books by Waters

  • Waters, John (1981). Shock Value. New York: Dell Pub. Co. ISBN 044057871X.
  • Waters, John (2003) [1987]. Crackpot: The Obsessions of John Waters. New York: Scribner. ISBN 0026244403.
  • Waters, John; Hainley, Bruce (2003). Art: A Sex Book. New York: Thames & Hudson. ISBN 0500284350.
  • Waters, John (2010). Role Models. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux. ISBN 9780374251475.
  • Waters, John (2014). Carsick: John Waters Hitchhikes Across America. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux. ISBN 0374298637.
  • Waters, John (2017). Make Trouble. Chapel Hill, NC: Algonquin Books. ISBN 1616206357.
Screenplays
  • Waters, John (1988). Trash Trio: Three Screenplays: Pink Flamingos, Desperate Living, Flamingos Forever. New York: Vintage Books. ISBN 0394759869.
  • Waters, John (2005). Hairspray, Female Trouble and Multiple Maniacs: Three More Screenplays. New York: Thunder's Mouth Press. ISBN 1560257024.
Photo collections
  • Waters, John (1997). Director's Cut. New York: Scalo. ISBN 393114156X.
  • Waters, John (2006). Unwatchable. New York: Marianne Boesky Gallery. ISBN 0977950301.

References

Notes
  1. ↑ "John Waters". Biography.
  2. 1 2 "John Waters Biography (1946–)". Filmreference.com. Retrieved January 3, 2013.
  3. ↑ "John Waters – Biography". Movies.nytimes.com. Retrieved January 3, 2013.
  4. ↑ Kaltenbach, Chris. "Divine fans want to build a monument to late actor". Baltimore Sun. Retrieved 2017-07-01.
  5. ↑ Pela 2002
  6. ↑ Kay, Kimberley (April 3, 2008). "Cry-Baby and John Waters' Journey to Broadway". Broadway.com. Retrieved November 4, 2014.
  7. ↑ Waters, John (2010). Role Model. MacMillan. ISBN 1429944579.
  8. ↑ Towsontown Jr. High Yearbook, "The Key". Towson, Maryland 1959–1960, p. 33
  9. ↑ "Noteworthy Alumni". Boys' Latin School of Maryland. Retrieved June 28, 2018.
  10. ↑ Waters, John. Interview by Robert K. Elder. The Film That Changed My Life by Robert K. Elder. Chicago: Chicago Review Press, 2011. N. p281. Print.
  11. ↑ Cills, Hazel. "Teenage Girls Assaulted by Wild Animals! An Interview With John Waters". Rookie. Retrieved February 13, 2017.
  12. ↑ Smith, Zack. "Interview". Indyweek.com. Retrieved January 3, 2013.
  13. ↑ Guarino, David R. (May 22, 2008). "Yuletide Indigestion: John Waters Makes Fruitcake". Gay Chicago. pp. 56–61.
  14. ↑ Stewart, Sara (June 15, 2008). "John Waters. The director comes to New York for his one-man show, and savors another big night at the Tonys". New York Post. Retrieved March 31, 2011.
  15. ↑ "Waters' Kids Movie Scrapped". Contactmusic. January 16, 2009. Retrieved March 31, 2011.
  16. ↑ Metz, Nina (December 3, 2010). "John Waters loves Christmas. Really". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved March 31, 2011.
  17. ↑ Waters 2006
  18. ↑ "John Waters". C. Grimaldis Gallery. Archived from the original on September 6, 2014. Retrieved January 3, 2013.
  19. ↑ Levi, Lawrence (2009-09). "Inside Man". Modern Painters, September 2009. Retrieved from http://www.artinfo.com/news/story/32381/inside-man/.
  20. ↑ Edgecliffe-Johnson, Andrew (18 November 2011). "John Waters on the couch". FT (Financial Times) Magazine.
  21. ↑ "John Waters Fan Mail". Atomic Books. Retrieved 2018-02-21.
  22. ↑ Waters, John. "Contributors". Artforum.
  23. 1 2 3 Itzkoff, Dave (May 25, 2012). "John Waters Tries Some Desperate Living on a Cross-Country Hitchhiking Odyssey". The New York Times. Retrieved May 28, 2012.
  24. ↑ Wilson, Ike (May 24, 2012). "A hitchhiker's guide ...: Myersville man gives filmmaker John Waters a ride". FrederickNewsPost.com. Archived from the original on May 26, 2012. Retrieved May 28, 2012.
  25. ↑ Rosen, Jill (May 18, 2012). "Baltimore Insider". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved May 28, 2012.
  26. ↑ "In Conversation: Ian Brennan & John Waters".
  27. ↑ "John Waters and Dennis Lim to Receive Insignia Of The Order Of Arts and Letters". Cultural Services of the French Embassy in the United States. April 16, 2018. Retrieved May 19, 2018.
  28. ↑ "Leslie Van Houten: A Friendship". Huffingtonpost.com. August 3, 2009. Retrieved January 3, 2013.
  29. ↑ "John Waters Gets Serious". Baltimore Sun. August 9, 2009. Retrieved January 3, 2013.
  30. ↑ "John Waters Argues For Murderer's Release". Wbur.org. Retrieved January 3, 2013.
  31. ↑ Schneiderman, Davis. "My Type Doesn't Know Who I Am: An Interview with John Waters". The Nervous Breakdown. Retrieved July 8, 2012.
  32. ↑ "Fans". Dreamland News. Retrieved January 3, 2013.
  33. ↑ Waters, John (November 28, 2010). "When John Waters met Little Richard". The Guardian. London. Retrieved November 30, 2009.
  34. ↑ "Hag in a Black Leather Jacket (1964)". British Film Institute. Retrieved June 28, 2018.
  35. 1 2 Levy, Ariel (March 24, 2008). "Still Waters". New York. Retrieved June 28, 2018.
  36. ↑ "Mondo Trasho, directed by John Waters". Time Out London. Retrieved June 28, 2018.
  37. 1 2 Blevins, Joe (April 22, 2016). "Revisit the raw, early films of John Waters, Baltimore's Pope Of Trash". The A.V. Club. Retrieved June 28, 2018.
  38. ↑ "Pink Flamingos". American Film Institute. Retrieved June 28, 2018.
  39. ↑ "Female Trouble". American Film Institute. Retrieved June 28, 2018.
  40. ↑ Hoberman, J.; Rosenbaum, Jonathan (1983). Midnight Movies. Harper & Row. p. 165.
  41. ↑ Maslin, Janet (May 29, 1981). "'POLYESTER', AN OFFBEAT COMEDY". The New York Times. Retrieved June 28, 2018.
  42. ↑ Spitz, Marc (May 13, 2011). "Something Genre Crossing, Something Bold". The New York Times. Retrieved June 28, 2018.
  43. ↑ "Hairspray". American Film Institute. Retrieved June 28, 2018.
  44. ↑ "Homer and Eddie (1989)". Turner Classic Movies. Retrieved June 28, 2018.
  45. ↑ "Cry-Baby". American Film Institute. Retrieved June 28, 2018.
  46. ↑ "Serial Mom". American Film Institute. Retrieved June 28, 2018.
  47. ↑ "Pecker". American Film Institute. Retrieved June 28, 2018.
  48. ↑ Stratton, David (September 13, 1999). "Sweet and Lowdown". Variety. Retrieved June 28, 2018.
  49. ↑ "Cecil B. Demented". American Film Institute. Retrieved June 28, 2018.
  50. ↑ Harvey, Dennis (July 15, 2003). "Blood Feast 2: All U Can Eat". Variety. Retrieved June 28, 2018.
  51. ↑ "Chucky kills John Waters in movie". United Press International. April 13, 2004. Retrieved June 28, 2018.
  52. ↑ "A Dirty Shame". American Film Institute. Retrieved June 28, 2018.
  53. ↑ Johnson, Caitlin (July 22, 2007). "John Waters Stays True To His Roots". CBS News. Retrieved June 29, 2018.
  54. ↑ Harrison, Margot (August 29, 2007). "Lights, Camera... Action?". Seven Days. Retrieved June 29, 2018.
  55. ↑ Menounos, Maria (May 2, 2007). "Making In The Land Of Merry Misfits". The Huffington Post. Retrieved June 29, 2018.
  56. ↑ Anderson-Minshall, Diane (December 3, 2011). "Come to Jesus With Star Heather Matarazzo". The Advocate. Retrieved June 29, 2018.
  57. ↑ "New Documentary 'Of Dolls & Murder' Explores Macabre in Miniature". PBS NewsHour. October 13, 2010. Retrieved June 29, 2018.
  58. ↑ Murray, Noel (October 31, 2012). "Excision". The A.V. Club. Retrieved June 29, 2018.
  59. ↑ McMahon, Oliver (July 14, 2014). "Watch: Kat Dennings Fails to Seduce John Waters In NSFW Trailer for 'Suburban Gothic'". Indiewire. Retrieved June 29, 2018.
  60. ↑ Walker, Jennifer (2014). Moon Baltimore. Avalon Publishing.
  61. ↑ "John Waters has a cameo in latest 'Alvin and the Chipmunks' movie". Chris Kaltenbach. The Baltimore Sun. December 17, 2015. Retrieved December 18, 2015.
  62. ↑ "Pope of trash and princess of pop". Q&A. Australian Broadcasting Corporation. October 24, 2011. Retrieved October 25, 2011.
  63. ↑ "The Drexel InterView - Pennoni Honors College".
  64. ↑ "Guest of Cindy Sherman (2008)". www.imdb.com. Retrieved September 8, 2009.
  65. ↑ "Tab Hunter Confidential (2015) - Full Cast & Crew". www.imdb.com. Retrieved June 21, 2016.
Bibliography
  • Pela, Robrt L. (2002). Filthy: The Weird World of John Waters. Alyson Publishing. ISBN 1-55583-625-9.

Further reading

  • Ives, John G. (1992). John Waters. New York: Thunder's Mouth Press. ISBN 156025033X.
  • Phillips, Lisa; Solondz, Todd (2004). John Waters: Change of Life. ISBN 0810943069.
  • Maier, Robert (2011). Low Budget Hell: Making Underground Movies with John Waters. Davidson, N.C.: Full Page Publishing. ISBN 9780983770800.
  • Stevenson, Jack (1996). Desperate Visions 1: Camp America: The Films of John Waters & the Kuchar Brothers: Interviews & Essays. London: Creation Books. ISBN 1871592348.
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