Iris tuberosa

Iris tuberosa
Iris tuberosa
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
(unranked): Angiosperms
(unranked): Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Iridaceae
Subfamily: Iridoideae
Tribe: Irideae
Genus: Iris
Subgenus: Hermodactyloides
Section: Reticulatae
Species: I. tuberosa
Binomial name
Iris tuberosa
Synonyms
Iris tuberosa
Iris tuberosa

Iris tuberosa is a species of non-rhizomatous plant of the genus Iris, with the common names snake's-head,[2] snake's-head iris,[3] widow iris, black iris, or velvet flower-de-luce.

Distribution

A native of the Mediterranean region, it is found in the northern Mediterranean littoral and western Europe.[4]

Cultivation

It is grown from tuberous bulbs planted in the autumn. It grows best in full sun to partial shade, and requires well-drained soil. In can naturalise in grassy areas but grows well in rock gardens or containers.[5] It is a common ornamental garden plant, flowering in early spring. It is rather tender in the UK.[6]

Taxonomic history

After being split off from the genus Iris in the nineteenth century into a separate genus,[7] Hermodactylus, it has most recently been returned to the genus Iris,[8][9] following molecular studies at Kew.[10] According to the proposed molecular classification of irises of Tillie, Chase and Hall,[10] this species is now best seen as a member of the subgenus Hermodactyloides, the reticulate-bulbed bulbous irises.

References

  1. ↑ GBIF: Hermodactylus tuberosus
  2. ↑ Thomas Ignatius M. Forster (1828)Circle of the seasons, and perpetual key to the calendar and almanack, p. 162, at Google Books
  3. ↑ "BSBI List 2007". Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland. Archived from the original (xls) on 2015-01-25. Retrieved 2014-10-17.
  4. ↑ Schede di botanica : Hermodactylus tuberosus (L.) Salisb.
  5. ↑ Paghat's Garden Paghat's Garden: Snake's-head or Widow Iris
  6. ↑ Caledonian Horticultural Society, Edinburgh Memoirs, Volume 3 (1823), p. 251, at Google Books
  7. ↑ David Joyce: The Genus Iris
  8. ↑ Pacific Bulb Society
  9. ↑ "Is It Clear, My Friend?". Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Retrieved 3 Sep 2011.
  10. 1 2 Tillie N, Chase MW, Hall T. 2002 Molecular studies in the genus Iris L.: a preliminary study. Ann. Bot. n.s. (Italy) 1. (2): 105-112 (2001)

Bibliography

  • Telegraph: How to grow Hermodactylus
  • Manning, John; Goldblatt, Peter (2008). The Iris Family: Natural History & Classification. Portland, Oregon: Timber Press. pp. 204–207. ISBN 0-88192-897-6.
  • Goldblatt, P., (1990) Phylogeny and classification of Iridaceae. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 77:607-627.
  • Reeves, G., Chase, M.W., Goldblatt, P., Rudall, P., Fay, M.F., Cox, A.V., LeJeune, B., & Souza-Chies, T., (2001). Molecular systematics of Iridaceae: Evidence from four plastid DNA regions. Am. J. Bot. 88:2074-2087.
  • Iridaceae: in L. Watson and M.J. Dallwitz (1992 onwards). The families of flowering plants: descriptions, illustrations, identification, information retrieval
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