Glossary of meteorology
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This glossary of meteorology is a list of definitions about meteorology, its sub-disciplines, and related fields.
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Atmospheric physics |
| Meteorology |
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Weather (category) · (portal) |
| Climatology |
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Climate (category) |
| Glossaries |
| Glossary of meteorology |
A
- Advection -
- Actinoform cloud
- Actinometer
- Adiabatic process
- Aerology
- Aerobiology
- Aerography – the production of weather charts.
- Aerosol
- Ageostrophy
- Air mass – a volume of air defined by its temperature and content of water vapor.
- Air-mass thunderstorm
- Air parcel -
- Almanac – annual publication of calendar events.
- Altocumulus castellanus cloud
- Altocumulus cloud –
- Altostratus cloud –
- American Meteorological Society (AMS) -
- Anabatic wind –
- Anemometer – a scientific instrument used to measure wind speed.
- Annular tropical cyclone –
- Anticyclone –
- Anticyclonic rotation
- Anticyclonic tornado -
- Anticyclogenesis
- Arcus cloud –
- Arctic cyclone -
- Area forecast
- Atlantic hurricane –
- Atmospheric convection –
- Atmospheric pressure –
- Atmospheric sciences –
- Atmospheric sounding
- Autumn –
- Avalanche -
B
- Backscatter
- Ball lightning -
- Barbs
- Barograph – a scientific instrument used to measure atmospheric pressure over time.
- Baroclinity or baroclinicity - baroclinic
- Barotropity or barotropicity - barotropic
- Barometer – a scientific instrument used to measure atmospheric pressure.
- Beaufort scale –
- Bernoulli's principle
- Black ice –
- Blizzard –
- Blowing dust or sand
- Blowing snow –
- Bomb
- Bounded weak echo region (BWER)
- Bow echo -
- Breeze
- Bulk Richardson number (BRN)
- Buoyancy
- Bushfire
- Buys Ballot's law
C
- Canadian Meteorological and Oceanographic Society (CMOS)
- Canadian Meteorological Centre (CMC)
- Capping inversion –
- Castellanus
- Ceiling
- Ceiling balloon –
- Ceiling projector –
- Ceilometer –
- Center for Analysis and Prediction of Storms (CAPS)
- Cirrocumulus cloud –
- Cirrostratus cloud –
- Cirrus cloud –
- Clear ice –
- Climate –
- Climatology –
- Cloud –
- Cloud base
- Cloudburst –
- Cloud drop effective radius
- Coastal Flooding -
- Cold front –
- Cold wave –
- Cold-core low
- Colorado low
- Convection
- Convective available potential energy (CAPE)
- Convective condensation level –
- Convective inhibition (CIN)
- Convective instability
- Convective outlooks
- Convective storm detection
- Convergence
- Convergence zone
- Crosswind
- Crow instability -
- Cumulonimbus cloud –
- Cumulus congestus cloud –
- Cumulus humilis cloud –
- Cumulus mediocris cloud –
- Cyclone –
- Cyclonic rotation
- Cyclogenesis
D
- Dark adaptor goggles –
- Dawn –
- Daytime –
- dBZ
- Debris cloud -
- Deformation –
- Dense fog –
- Depression –
- Derecho –
- Detention basin –
- Detention dam –
- Dew –
- Dew point (Td) –
- Dew point depression –
- Diablo wind –
- Diamond dust –
- Divergence -
- Diffluence –
- Diffuse sky radiation –
- Disdrometer –
- Diurnal temperature variation –
- Dobson unit –
- Doldrums –
- Doppler on Wheels (DOW) -
- Doppler weather radar –
- Downburst -
- Downdraft –
- Drifting snow –
- Drizzle –
- Drought –
- Dry line –
- Dry microburst –
- Dry punch –
- Dry season –
- Dry thunderstorm –
- DSD
- Dual polarization weather radar
- Dust devil –
- Dust storm –
E
- Eddy -
- Ekman layer
- Ekman number
- Ekman spiral
- Ekman transport
- Energy-helicity index (EHI) -
- El Niño –
- El Niño–Southern Oscillation –
- Emagram
- Enhanced Fujita scale (EF scale) -
- Entrainment -
- Environment and Climate Change Canada -
- Environmental Modeling Center (EMC) -
- Environmental Research Laboratories (ERL) -
- Environmental Science Services Administration (ESSA) - The predecessor agency (1965-1970) to NOAA (1970-present).
- Equivalent temperature ( )
- Equivalent potential temperature ( ) -
- Eulerian equations
- European windstorm –
- Explosive cyclogenesis –
- Extratropical cyclone –
- Extreme weather –
- Eye of a tropical cyclone -
F
- Fata Morgana
- Fetch
- Field mill –
- Fire whirl –
- Firestorm –
- Flash flood –
- Flash freezing –
- Flood –
- Fog –
- Foehn wind –
- Forward-flank downdraft (or front-flank downdraft) (FFD) -
- Fractus cloud (Fr) -
- Freezing drizzle –
- Freezing fog –
- Freshet -
- Freezing rain –
- Front -
- Frontogenesis -
- Frontolysis
- Frost –
- Fujita scale (F scale) -
- Funnel cloud -
G
H
- Haboob –
- Hail –
- Hailstorm -
- Haines Index –
- Halo
- Hard rime –
- Harmattan
- Haze –
- Hazardous seas warning –
- Hazardous seas watch –
- Heat burst –
- Heat index –
- Heat lightning –
- Heat wave –
- Heavy snow warning –
- Helicity -
- High-pressure area –
- Hodograph
- Hook echo -
- Horseshoe vortex -
- Humidity –
- Humidex
- Humilis
- Hurricane –
- Hurricane hunters –
- Huayco -
- Hydrometeorology –
- Hydrosphere
- Hydrostatic equilibrium
- Hygrometer – A scientific instrument used to measure humidity.
- Hypsometer
- Hygroscopy
I
J
K
- KDP
- Katabatic wind
- Khamsin
- Kinematics -
- K-index -
- Kelvin temperature scale
- Kelvin–Helmholtz instability -
- Khamsin
- Köppen climate classification –
L
- LDR
- Lagrangian equations
- La Niña –
- Lake-effect snow –
- Land breeze –
- Landfall –
- Landslide -
- Landspout –
- Lapse rate –
- Latitude –
- Lee trough -
- Lee wave –
- Lemon technique -
- Lenticular cloud –
- Level of free convection (LFC) –
- Lidar –
- Lifted condensation level (LCL) –
- Lifted index (LI) –
- Light pillar
- Lightning –
- Lightning activity level –
- Lightning detection –
- Lightning strike –
- Line echo wave pattern (LEWP) –
- Longitude –
- Low level jet
- Low-level windshear alert system –
- Low-pressure area (L) –
- Low-topped supercell (LT) -
- Luminance
- Lysimeter
M
- MAFOR
- Marine cloud brightening
- Marine stratocumulus
- Mesoscale convective complex (MCC) –
- Mesoscale convective discussion (MCD) –
- Mesoscale convective system (MCS) –
- Mesoscale convective vortex (MCV) –
- Mesoscale meteorology –
- Mesocyclone –
- Mesohigh –
- Mesolow –
- Mesonet –
- Mesovortices
- METAR –
- Météo-France
- Meteorology –
- Microburst –
- Micronet – A weather observation network even denser than a mesonet, such as the Oklahoma City Micronet.
- Microscale meteorology –
- Mini-supercell – A distinct kind of supercell that is smaller than a typical supercell.
- Mini-tornado – A fallacious term often used in news media to refer to damaging winds with a thunderstorm, indifferently caused by tornadoes or microburst, on a small area.
- Misocyclone (Landspout) –
- Misoscale meteorology –
- Mixing ratio –
- Modified Fujita scale (f scale) – A proposed update in 1992 by Ted Fujita to his original Fujita scale from 1971
- Moisture convergence – Area where moisture is concentrating due to the air flow near surface.
- Mountain breeze
- Mountain-gap wind
- Multicellular thunderstorm
- Multiple-vortex tornado –
- Moisture –
- Monsoon –
- Morning Glory cloud -
- Mudflow –
- Mudslide -
N
- US National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) -
- US National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) -
- US National Hurricane Center (NHC) -
- US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) -
- US National Science Foundation (NSF) -
- US National Severe Storms Forecast Center (NSSFC) - A predecessor forecasting center to SPC that was located in Kansas City, Missouri.
- US National Severe Storms Laboratory (NSSL) - A NOAA lab in Norman, Oklahoma tasked with researching severe weather.
- US National Tornado Database - The official NOAA record of all known tornadoes within the US from 1950 to present.
- US National Weather Center (NWC) -
- US National Weather Service (NWS) -
- US National Weather Service Training Center (NWSTC) -
- Negatively tilted (or negative tilt) -
- Nephelometer –
- Nephoscope –
- NEXRAD
- Nimbostratus cloud –
- Noctilucent cloud –
- Nor'easter –
- Novaya Zemlya effect -
- Nowcasting
- Numerical weather prediction –
O
P
- Paleoclimatology
- Pan evaporation
- Pancake ice
- Pampero
- Parcel
- Partial pressure
- Particularly Dangerous Situation
- Pascal (unit)
- Pascal's law
- Pearson scale (or Fujita-Pearson scale) - A tornado rating scale developed by Allen Pearson differentiating path length (P) and path width (P) to accompany NOAA Fujita scale (F) ratings (F-P-P scale).
- Permafrost
- Photometeor
- PhiDP ( )
- Pileus
- Pilot balloon
- Pilot report (PIREP) –
- Polar low
- Polar mesospheric clouds –
- Polar stratospheric cloud –
- Polar vortex –
- Potential temperature ( ) -
- Potential vorticity
- Power flash - A sudden bright light caused when an overhead power line is severed or especially when a transformer explodes. Severe weather being one of the common causes.
- Precipitable water -
- Pressure gradient -
- Pressure gradient force (PGF) -
- Pressure system -
- Precipitation –
- Precipitation types -
- Prevailing winds –
- Psychrometer
- Psychrometrics
- Pulse-Doppler radar -
- Pulse storm –
- Pyranometer –
- Pyrgeometer
- Pyrheliometer
Q
R
- Radiation fog
- Radiosonde –
- Radius of maximum wind (RMW) -
- Rain –
- Rainbow –
- Raindrop size distribution
- Rain and snow mixed –
- Rain gauge –
- Rain shadow –
- Rain of animals -
- Rankine vortex -
- Rear flank downdraft (RFD) -
- Rhohv ( )
- Ridge -
- Rapid intensification –
- Rear flank downdraft –
- Relative humidity –
- Rime: Hard rime and Soft rime
- Roll cloud -
- Remote sensing -
- Rossby number -
- Rossby wave -
- Rotation
S
- Sandstorm -
- Sastrugi
- Satellite tornado
- Scud (Scattered Cumulus Under Deck)
- Sea breeze –
- Sea spray
- Season –
- Severe thunderstorm –
- Severe weather –
- Shelf cloud
- Shortwave trough
- SIGMET
- Simoom –
- Single cell thunderstorm
- Sirocco –
- Skew-T log-P diagram
- Skywarn - The storm spotting program of the US National Weather Service. Skywarn organizations have also been formed in Europe. The Canadian program is Canwarn.
- Skipping tornado
- Slush –
- Snow –
- Snow gauge –
- Snow roller –
- Snow grains –
- Snowsquall –
- Snowstorm -
- SODAR –
- Solarimeter –
- Sounding rocket –
- Spring –
- Sprite –
- Squall line -
- St. Elmo's fire -
- Standard atmosphere
- Stationary front –
- Steam devil -
- Stevenson screen –
- Storm –
- Storm cell –
- Storm chasing
- Storm Data - A National Climatic Data Center (NCDC) publication beginning in 1959 detailing quality controlled tornado and other severe weather summaries as the official NOAA record of such events.
- Storm shelter -
- Storm spotting
- Storm surge –
- US Storm Prediction Center (SPC)
- Storm Track (magazine)
- Straight-line wind
- Stratocumulus cloud –
- Stratus cloud –
- Summer –
- Stüve diagram
- Sun Dog -
- Sunshine recorder –
- Sunshower -
- Supercell –
- Subtropical cyclone -
- Surface weather analysis –
- Surface weather observation -
- Synoptic scale meteorology –
T
- Tail cloud -
- Temperature –
- Temperature Inversion -
- Tephigram
- Terminal aerodrome forecast (TAF)
- Terminal Doppler Weather Radar (TDWR) -
- Thermal -
- Thermodynamics -
- Thermodynamic diagrams
- Thermo-hygrograph –
- Thermometer –
- Thunder -
- Thundersnow –
- Thunderstorm –
- Thunderstorm asthma -
- Tilted updraft
- Tornado –
- Tornado Alley -
- Tornado climatology
- Tornado debris signature (TDS) -
- Tornado emergency -
- Tornado family -
- Tornadogenesis
- Tornado outbreak -
- Tornado outbreak sequence -
- Tornado preparedness -
- Tornado vortex signature (TVS)-
- Tornado warning –
- Tornado watch –
- TORRO (TORnado and storm Research Organisation) -
- TORRO scale -
- TOTO (TOtable Tornado Observatory) -
- Tropical cyclone –
- Tropical cyclone scales –
- Tropical cyclogenesis
- Tropical depression
- Tropical disturbance –
- Tropical storm -
- Tropical wave
- Tropics –
- Tropopause
- Troposphere
- Trough -
- Trowal
- Tsunami -
- Turbulence -
- Twilight –
- TWISTEX (Tactical Weather-Instrumented Sampling in/near Tornadoes EXperiment) -
- Typhoon –
U
- Unstable airmass
- Updraft -
- Upper-air chart
- Upper-air sounding
- Upper-air trough
- Upper-level low
- Upper-level outflow
- Upslope fog
- Urban heat island
- US Standard Atmosphere
- University Corporation for Atmospheric Research (UCAR) -
- UTC (Coordinated Universal Time) -
V
W
- Wall cloud –
- Warm front –
- Warning Decision Training Branch (WDTB) -
- Waterspout –
- Weak echo region (WER) -
- Weather –
- Weather balloon –
- Weather bomb
- Weather front –
- Weather forecasting –
- Weather map –
- US Weather Prediction Center (WPC) -
- Weather Surveillance Radar (WSR)
- Weather reconnaissance –
- Weather satellite –
- Weather station –
- Weather vane –
- Weatherwise - A photographically adorned general interest weather magazine that frequently publishes articles on tornadoes and other severe weather.
- Wet-bulb temperature
- Wet-bulb globe temperature
- Wet season –
- Whirlwind –
- Wildfire -
- Willy-willy
- Wind -
- Wind chill –
- Wind direction –
- Wind gradient –
- Wind profiler -
- Wind shear –
- Wind speed –
- Windstorm -
- Windsock –
- Winter –
- Winter storm –
- Winter waterspout -
- World Meteorological Organization (WMO) -
X
Y
Z
See also
Internal links
External links
References
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