Electromigrated nanogaps

Electromigrated Nanogaps are gaps formed in metallic bridges formed by the process of electromigration.

Theory

A nanosized contact formed by electromigration acts like a waveguide for electrons. The nanocontact essentially acts like a one-dimensional wire with a conductance of $G =2e^2/h$ . The current in a wire is the velocity of the electrons multiplied by the charge and number per unit length, $I = veN/L$ or $G=veN/LV$ . This gives a conductance of $G=ve^2N/LE$ . In nano scale bridges the conductance falls in discrete steps of multiples of the quantum conductance $G =2e^2/h$ .

Uses

Electromigrated Nanogaps have shown great promise as electrodes in use in molecular scale electronics.^[1]
Researcher have used feedback controlled electromigration to investigate the magnetoresistance of a quantum spin valve.

References

↑ Liang; et al. (2002). "Kondo resonance in a single-molecule transistor". Nature. 417 (6890): 725–9. doi:10.1038/nature00790. PMID 12066180.

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[Shores1-1] Liang; et al. (2002). "Kondo resonance in a single-molecule transistor". Nature. 417 (6890): 725–9. doi:10.1038/nature00790. PMID 12066180.