Demographics of Panama

This article is about the demographic features of the population of Panama, including population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.

Population

Panama's population, (1961-2003).

Panama's population was 4,034,119 people in 2016, compared to 860,000 in 1950.[1] The proportion of the population aged below 15 in 2010 was 29%. 64.5% of the population were aged between 15 and 65, with 6.6% of the population being 65 years or older.[2]

Total population
(x 1000)		 Proportion
aged 0–14
(%)		 Proportion
aged 15–64
(%)		 Proportion
aged 65+
(%)
1950 86040.255.74.1
1955 98341.854.14.1
1960 1 13642.952.84.3
1965 1 31943.851.84.4
1970 1 52643.951.84.3
1975 1 75442.852.84.4
1980 1 99040.455.04.6
1985 2 23337.657.64.7
1990 2 48735.259.95.0
1995 2 75733.361.55.2
2000 3 05531.862.65.5
2005 3 36630.463.75.9
2010 3 67829.064.56.6
2015 4 08028.164.67.3

Structure of the population [3]

Structure of the population (01.07.2013) (Estimates - Data refer to projections based on the 2010 Population Census):

Age Group Male Female Total %
Total 1 934 264 1 916 471 3 850 735 100
0-4 187 797 179 822 367 619 9,55
5-9 184 487 176 909 361 396 9,39
10-14 180 579 173 379 353 958 9,19
15-19 170 895 164 639 335 534 8,71
20-24 160 414 155 878 316 292 8,21
25-29 154 493 150 986 305 479 7,93
30-34 147 618 144 488 292 106 7,59
35-39 140 942 138 936 279 878 7,27
40-44 130 725 130 042 260 767 6,77
45-49 113 877 114 213 228 090 5,92
50-54 96 564 98 076 194 640 5,05
55-59 76 084 78 641 154 725 4,02
60-64 58 974 62 105 121 079 3,14
65-69 45 360 48 700 94 060 2,44
70-74 33 839 37 313 71 152 1,85
75-79 23 622 27 020 50 642 1,32
80-84 14 944 17 956 32 900 0,85
85-89 8 174 10 458 18 632 0,48
90-94 3 573 4 938 8 511 0,22
95-99 1 119 1 678 2 797 0,07
100+ 184 294 478 0,01
Age group Male Female Total Percent
0-14 552 863 530 110 1 082 973 28,12
15-64 1 250 586 1 238 004 2 488 590 64,63
65+ 130 815 148 357 279 172 7,25

Population distribution

More than half the population lives in the Panama City-Colón metropolitan corridor.

Province Capital city Population(2010 Est.)[4]
Bocas del ToroBocas del Toro118,405
CocléPenonomé237,840
ColónColón250,802
ChiriquíDavid426,790
DariénLa Palma46,011
HerreraChitré112,538
Los SantosLas Tablas90,984
PanamáCiudad de Panamá1,796,674
VeraguasSantiago226,847
Comarca Capital city Population
Emberá-WounaanUnión Choco9,497
Kuna de MadugandíN/DN/D
Kuna YalaEl Porvenir37,545
Kuna de WargandíN/DN/D
Ngöbe-BugléBuabidi150,550

Ethnic groups

Ethnic Groups in Panama %[5]

  Mestizos (mixed Amerindian and White) (58%)
  Native Americans (12.3%)
  Black or African descent (9.2%)
  Mulattos (6.8%)
  White (13%)

The culture, customs, and language of Panama are predominantly Caribbean Spanish. In 2010 the population was 65% Mestizo (mixed white, Native American), 9.2% Black, 6.8% mulattoes, 13% White and 6% Native Americans.[5]

Ethnic groups in Panama include Spanish, British and Irish, Dutch, French, Germans, Italians, Portuguese, Poles, Russians or Ukrainians, (a large number are Jews), Greeks, and Americans.

Afro-Panamanian groups include West Indies/Caribbean (esp. Afro-Caribbean) nationalities, in which thousands of Barbadian and Jamaican workers played a role in the construction of the Panama Canal. During the Atlantic Slave Trade, thousands of West Africans were transported to various places in Panama. This took place around the 1500s, making half of all Panamanians contain African ancestry. There has also been immigration of Arabs and Asians: in particular Chinese, Lebanese, Palestinians, South Asians (from India and Pakistan) and Syrians.

Indigenous

Population of Panama according to ethnic group[6]
Ethnic
group		 Census 1990Census 2000Census 2010
Number%Number%Number%
Non-indigenous2,135,06091.72,553,94690.02,988,25487.7
Amerindian194,2698.3285,23110.0417,55912.3
Total2,329,3292,839,1773,405,813
Indigenous population of Panama according to ethnic group[6]
Ethnic
group		 Census 1990Census 2000Census 2010
Number%Number%Number%
Ngäbe (Guaymi)123,62663.6169,13059.3260,05862.3
Buglé (Bokota)3,7841.918,7246.626,8716.4
Kuna47,29824.361,70721.680,52619.3
Emberá14,6597.522,4857.931,2847.5
Wounaan2,6051.36,8822.47,2791.7
Teribe/Naso2,1941.13,3051.24,0461.0
Bribri2,5210.91,0680.3
Other1030.14600.1
Not declared4770.25,9671.4

Chinese

Panama has a considerable population of Chinese origin. The first Chinese immigrated to Panama from southern China in the 19th century to help build the Panama Railroad. There followed several waves of immigrants, especially after the 1970s, when the ensuing decades saw up to 80,000 immigrants from all over China. At least 50,000 Panamanians are ethnic Chinese, though some estimates count as many as 135,000. Most of the Chinese population reside in the province of Chiriquí. Some studies suggest that almost 1 million Panamanians have at least one Chinese ancestor. [7][8]

African Panamanians

Afro-Panamanians first arrived during the colonial era. They are intermixed in the general population or live in small Afro-Panamanian communities along the Atlantic Coast and in villages within the Darién jungle. Most of the people in Darien are fishermen or small-scale farmers growing crops such as bananas, rice and coffee as well as raising livestock. Other Afro-Panamanians descend from later migrants from the Caribbean who came to work on railroad-construction projects, commercial agricultural enterprises, and (especially) the canal. Important Afro-Caribbean community areas include towns and cities such as Colón, Cristobal and Balboa, in the former Canal Zone, as well as the Río Abajo area of Panama City. Another region with a large Afro-Caribbean population is the province of Bocas del Toro on the Caribbean coast just south of Costa Rica.[9]

Most of the Panamanian population of West Indian descent owe their presence in the country to the monumental efforts to build the Panama Canal in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Three-quarters of the 50,000 workers who built the canal were Afro Caribbean migrants from the British West Indies. Thousands of Afro-Caribbean workers were recruited from Jamaica, Barbados and Trinidad.[9]

Languages

Many languages, including seven indigenous languages, are spoken in Panama, although Spanish is the official and dominant language. The local variant is Panamanian Spanish. English is sometimes spoken by many professionals and those working in the business or governmental sectors of society.

Indigenous languages include Guaymí, Kuna, Northern Embera and Teribe. Bocas del Toro Creole is also spoken.

Religion

Religion in Panama (2013) [10]

  Roman Catholic (85%)
  Protestants (15%)

The majority of Panamanians are Christian; most are Roman Catholics as a result centuries of Spanish colonial influence. Other faiths exist in Panama by the country's tolerance and freedom of religion, there are large Protestant, Jewish, Bahá'í, Muslim and Hindu religious groups in Panama.

Vital statistics

Registration of vital events is in Panama not complete. The Population Departement of the United Nations prepared the following estimates.[2]

Period Live births
per year		 Deaths
per year		 Natural change
per year		 CBR* CDR* NC* TFR* IMR* Life expectancy
total		 Life expectancy
males		 Life expectancy
females
1950-195538 00011 00027 00041.412.029.55.769256.855.957.8
1955-196044 00011 00033 00041.710.631.15.878059.558.660.5
1960-196550 00011 00039 00040.99.231.65.796862.161.163.3
1965-197055 00012 00044 00038.88.130.75.415864.363.265.6
1970-197559 00011 00048 00036.17.029.24.884866.765.168.5
1975-198061 00011 00050 00032.55.926.64.193969.267.271.5
1980-198562 00011 00051 00029.55.424.13.633471.068.673.7
1985-199064 00012 00053 00027.35.122.33.242972.469.675.4
1990-199567 00013 00054 00025.54.920.62.962673.670.876.5
1995-200071 00014 00057 00024.64.819.82.872474.672.277.2
2000-200574 00015 00059 00023.14.818.32.762075.673.078.3
2005-201075 00017 00058 00021.34.916.42.621776.473.679.5
2010-201519.85.014.82.48
2015-202018.45.113.32.36
* CBR = crude birth rate (per 1000); CDR = crude death rate (per 1000); NC = natural change (per 1000); IMR = infant mortality rate per 1000 births; TFR = total fertility rate (number of children per woman)

Births and deaths

[3] [11]

Year Population Live births Deaths Natural increase Crude birth rate Crude death rate Rate of natural increase TFR
1952 29 013 6 791 22 222 36.0 8.4 27.6
1953 31 428 7 638 23 790 37.9 9.2 28.7
1954 33 521 7 511 26 010 39.3 8.8 30.5
1955 34 592 8 059 26 533 39.4 9.2 30.2
1956 35 582 8 352 27 230 39.3 9.2 30.1
1957 37 743 8 656 29 087 40.5 9.3 31.2
1958 37 733 8 364 29 369 39.3 8.7 30.6
1959 40 296 8 959 31 337 40.8 9.1 31.7
1960 42 359 8 827 33 532 39.9 8.3 31.6
1961 44 207 8 851 35 356 40.4 8.1 32.3
1962 46 274 8 239 38 035 41.1 7.3 33.8
1963 46 656 9 239 37 417 40.2 8.0 32.2
1964 47 419 8 743 38 676 39.6 7.3 32.3
1965 48 377 9 035 39 342 39.2 7.3 31.9
1966 49 394 9 184 40 210 38.9 7.2 31.7
1967 50 795 8 938 41 857 38.8 6.8 32.0
1968 52 489 9 568 42 921 38.9 7.1 31.8
1969 52 799 9 791 43 008 38.0 7.0 31.0
1970 53 287 10 225 43 062 37.1 7.1 30.0 5.0
1971 54 948 9 857 45 091 37.2 6.7 30.5
1972 54 910 9 076 45 834 36.0 6.0 30.0
1973 52 091 9 161 42 930 33.2 5.8 27.4
1974 52 772 9 001 43 771 32. 6 5.6 27.0
1975 53 790 8 683 45 107 32.3 5.2 27.1
1976 53 002 8 564 44 438 30.8 5.0 25.8
1977 52 722 8 036 44 686 29.8 4.5 25.3
1978 53 040 7 555 45 485 29.1 4.1 25.0
1979 52 919 8 192 44 727 28.2 4.4 23.8
1980 52 626 7 959 44 667 26.9 4.1 22.8 3.4
1981 53 873 7 976 45 897 26.9 4.0 22.9
1982 54 491 8 142 46 349 26.7 4.0 22.7
1983 55 222 8 499 46 723 26.4 4.1 22.3
1984 56 659 8 250 48 409 26.5 3.9 22.6
1985 58 038 8 991 49 047 26.6 4.1 22.5
1986 57 655 8 942 48 713 25.9 4.0 21.9
1987 57 647 9 105 48 542 25.3 4.0 21.3
1988 58 459 9 382 49 077 25.2 4.0 21.2
1989 59 069 9 557 49 512 25.1 4.1 21.0
1990 59 904 9 799 50 105 25.0 4.1 20.9 2.9
1991 60 080 9 683 50 397 24.6 4.0 20.6
1992 59 905 10 143 49 762 24.1 4.1 20.0
1993 59 191 10 669 48 522 23.3 4.2 19.1
1994 59 947 10 983 48 964 23.2 4.3 18.9
1995 61 939 11 032 50 907 23.5 4.2 19.3
1996 63 401 11 161 52 240 23.7 4.2 19.5
1997 68 009 12 179 55 830 25.0 4.5 20.5
1998 62 351 11 824 50 527 22.6 4.3 18.3
1999 64 248 11 938 52 310 22.9 4.2 18.7
2000 64 839 11 841 52 998 22.7 4.1 18.6 2.7
2001 63 900 12 442 51 458 21.3 4.1 17.2
2002 61 671 12 428 49 243 20.2 4.1 16.1
2003 61 753 13 248 48 505 19.8 4.3 15.5
2004 62 743 13 475 49 268 19.8 4.2 15.6
2005 63 645 14 180 49 465 19.7 4.4 15.3
2006 65 764 14 358 51 406 20.0 4.4 15.6
2007 67 634 14 775 52 589 19.4 4.3 15.1
2008 68 759 15 115 53 644 19.4 4.3 15.1
2009 68 364 15 498 52 866 19.0 4.3 14.7 2.5
2010 3 405 813 67 955 16 542 51 413 18.6 4.5 14.1 2.4
2011 73 292 16 367 56 925 19.7 4.4 15.3 2.5
2012 75 486 17 350 58 136 19.9 4.6 15.3 2.5
2013 73 804 17 767 56 037 19.2 4.6 14.6
2014 75 183 18 171 57 012 19.2 4.6 14.6
2015 75 901 18 182 57 919 19.1 4.6 14.5
2016 75 184 18 882 56 302 18.6 4.7 13.9 2.4
2017 74 832 18 388 56 444 18.3 4.7 13.6

See also

References

  1. ↑ "World Population Prospects: The 2017 Revision". ESA.UN.org (custom data acquired via website). United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Retrieved 10 September 2017.
  2. 1 2 Population Division of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat, World Population Prospects: The 2012 Revision Archived May 6, 2011, at the Wayback Machine.
  3. 1 2 http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/dyb2.htm
  4. ↑ http://www.contraloria.gob.pa/dec/Publicaciones/13-03/Boletin9.pdf
  5. 1 2 "CIA - The World Factbook -- Panama". CIA. Archived from the original on 22 August 2013. Retrieved 2013-10-07.
  6. 1 2 Instituto Nacional de Estadistica y Censo (INEC)
  7. ↑ Jackson, Eric (May 2004). "Panama's Chinese community celebrates a birthday, meets new challenges". The Panama News. 10 (9). Archived from the original on September 16, 2007. Retrieved November 7, 2007.
  8. ↑ "President Chen's State Visit to Panama". Government Information Office, Republic of China. October 2003. Archived from the original on August 14, 2007. Retrieved November 7, 2007.
  9. 1 2 "Panama : Afro-Panamanians". Minority Rights Group International. Archived from the original on December 3, 2012. Retrieved June 26, 2010.
  10. ↑ "Central America and Caribbean :: PANAMA". CIA The World Factbook.
  11. ↑ "Estadísticas Vitales, Volumen III - Defunciones: Año 2015". Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Censo - INEC. Retrieved 16 February 2018.

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