David Lewis (Jesuit priest)

St. David Lewis, S.J.
David Lewis, engraving by Alexander Voet (1683)
Martyr, Priest, Tad y Tlodion
("Father of the Poor")[1]
Born 1616
Abergavenny, Monmouthshire, Wales
Died 1679 (aged 62–63)
Usk, Monmouthshire, Wales
Venerated in Catholic Church
Beatified 15 December 1929[2] by Pope Pius XI
Canonized 25 October 1970[2], Vatican City, by Pope Paul VI
Feast 27 August

David Lewis (1616 – 27 August 1679) was a Jesuit Catholic priest and martyr who was also known as Charles Baker. Lewis was canonized by Pope Paul VI in 1970 as one of the Forty Martyrs of England and Wales and is venerated as a saint in the Catholic Church.

Early life

Lewis, the youngest of nine children of Protestant Reverend Morgan Lewis, the headmaster of a grammar school, and Margaret Pritchard, a Catholic, was born at Abergavenny, Monmouthshire, Wales, in 1616.[3]

At 16 years of age, while visiting Paris, he converted to Catholicism and subsequently went to study at the English College in Rome, where he assumed the alias "Charles Baker", a common practice to avoid spies and informers in the employ of the Crown. He was ordained a Catholic priest on 20 July 1642. Three years later, he joined the Society of Jesus.[2] He came back to his native place and worked for a year and then he was appointed "the Spiritual Director to the seminarians at the English College" in Rome. After his mission in Rome had been completed he came back to Wales and was working for 30 years in the apostolate paying much attention to the poor people and people in need.[4]

Arrest and execution

Excerpt from the last words of Fr. Lewis
My religion is Roman Catholic; in it I have loved above these forty years; in it now I die, and so fixedly die, that if all the good things in the world were offered to me to renounce it, all should not remove me one hair’s breadth from the Roman Catholic faith. A Roman Catholic I am; a Roman Catholic priest I am; a Roman Catholic priest of that order known as the Society of Jesus, I am;"

[5][6]

Oil painting after the engraving, Llantarnam Abbey

He was arrested on 17 November 1678 at St Michael's Church, Llantarnam, then in Monmouthshire, and condemned at the Assizes in Monmouth in March 1679 as a Catholic priest and for saying Catholic Masses. He was being accused of attempting to kill Charles II and trying to restore Catholic faith in the land of Wales. He was betrayed by an apostate couple who had been promised an award of 50 pounds for the Jesuit's capture, and another sum of 200 pounds was promised by a Welsh magistrate to those who could help in his exposure.[7] Like John Wall and John Kemble, he was then sent to London to be examined by Titus Oates (the originator of the Popish Plot) and other informers.

He was brought for trial at the Lenten Assizes in Monmouth on 16 March 1679. He was brought to the bar on a charge of high treason – for having become a Catholic priest and then remaining in England, contrary to the Jesuits, etc. Act 1584.[8]

He pleaded not guilty to the charge of being an accessory to the Popish Plot, but five or six witnesses claimed they had seen him say Mass and perform other priestly duties. For this Lewis was found guilty and sentenced to death by Sir Robert Atkyns. The condemned priest was brought to Newgate Prison in London with John Kemble (Herefordshire) and questioned about the "plot". Oates and his fellow informers William Bedloe, Stephen Dugdale and Miles Prance were unable to prove anything against him. Lord Shaftesbury advised him that if he gave evidence about the "plot" or renounced his Catholic faith, that his life would be spared and he would be greatly rewarded. Lewis said in his dying speech, "discover the plot I could not, as I knew of none; and conform I would not, for it was against my conscience".[8]His last words before execution were very touching and full of faith:

Grave of St David Lewis

He was finally brought back to Usk in Monmouthshire for his execution by John Arnold of Monmouthshire, prayed at the Gunter Mansion and was hanged on 27 August 1679 and then posthumously disemboweled. It was a tribute to the great esteem in which he was held that the crowd, who were mainly Protestants, insisted that he be allowed to hang until he was dead, and that he receive a proper burial.[10] The Sheriff, who knew and liked Lewis, registered a silent protest by refusing to attend the execution, which he had postponed for as long as he could.[11]

After the Titus Oates affair (1679–80), the remaining Welsh-speaking Catholic clergy were either executed or exiled. Lewis was the last Welshman to become a Jesuit until 2001, more than 300 years later.[12]

Recognition

Together with John Wall, John Kemble and 37 other martyrs, David Lewis was canonized by Pope Paul VI in 1970 – the Forty Martyrs of England and Wales. In November 2007, a plaque was erected on the spot where Lewis was arrested near Llantarnam Abbey.[13]

Notes

    Citations

    1. ↑ Williams, Peter N. (2003). Presenting Wales from a to Y - The People, the Places, the Traditions. Trafford Publishing. p. 151. ISBN 9781553954828. Retrieved 2014-07-12.
    2. 1 2 3 "St David Lewis, SJ". The Jesuit Singapore Website. Retrieved 2014-07-12.
    3. ↑ Dodd, Arthur Herbert (1929-12-15). "Dictionary of Welsh Biography". The National Library of Wales. Retrieved 2014-07-12.
    4. ↑ and martyrs Retrieved on 17 Jan 2018
    5. ↑ Challoner, Richard (1836). Modern British Martyrology: Commencing with the Reformation, A.D. 1535, 26th Henry VIII. to A.D. 1684, 24th Charles II. London: Keating, Brown, & Co. p. 240. Retrieved 2014-07-12.
    6. ↑ Cambden, Burnet (1720). The dying speeches and behaviour of the several state prisoners that have been executed the last 300 years. London. p. 350. Retrieved 2014-07-12.
    7. ↑ and martyrs Retrieved on 17 Jan 2018
    8. 1 2 Roberts, Alun (2002). Welsh National Heroes. Y Lolfa. p. 40. ISBN 9780862436100. Retrieved 2014-07-12.
    9. ↑ "The Jesuits". Retrieved January 17, 2018.
    10. ↑ Kenyon, J.P. The Popish Plot Phoenix Press reissue 2000 p206
    11. ↑ Kenyon p.206
    12. ↑ Llywelyn, Dorian (Summer 2014). "Ties That Bind Us". LMU. Vol. 4 no. 2. Loyola Marymount University. p. 48.
    13. ↑ "Ceremony for a martyred saint". BBC News. 2007-11-17. Retrieved 2014-07-12.

    References

    • Herbermann, Charles, ed (1913). "Ven. Charles Baker". Catholic Encyclopedia. Robert Appleton Company.
    • Jones, Gareth A. (1999). In Thoroughgoing Service: The Life of Saint David Lewis. Archdiocese of Cardiff. Retrieved 2014-07-12.
    Attribution
    •  "Baker, Charles (1617-1679)". Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
    •  This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: "Baker, Charles (1617-1679)". Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
    •  This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). "Ven. Charles Baker". Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton.
    This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.