Royal Badge of Wales

The Royal Badge of Wales
Details
Adopted 2008
Motto Pleidiol Wyf I'm Gwlad, Welsh for "I am true to my country"
Badge Within a circular riband vert fimbriated Or bearing the motto Pleidiol Wyf i'm Gwlad in letters the same and ensigned with a representation of the Crown proper, an escutcheon quarterly Or and gules four lions passant guardant counterchanged armed and langued azure, encircled by a wreath alternating of leek, thistle, clover, leek and rose.

A Royal Badge for Wales was approved in May 2008. It is based on the arms borne by the thirteenth-century Welsh prince Llywelyn the Great (blazoned quarterly Or and gules, four lions passant guardant counterchanged), with the addition of St Edward's Crown atop a continuous scroll which, together with a wreath consisting of the plant emblems of the four countries of the United Kingdom, surrounds the shield.[1] The motto which appears on the scroll, PLEIDIOL WYF I'M GWLAD ("I am true to my country"), is taken from the National Anthem of Wales and is also found on the Welsh designs for £1 coins minted from 1985 until 2000. The badge formerly appeared on the covers of Assembly Measures;[2] since the 2011 referendum, it now appears on the cover of Acts[3] passed by the National Assembly for Wales and its escutcheon, ribbon and motto are depicted on the Welsh Seal.

The current badge follows in a long line of heraldic devices representing Wales. Its predecessors have all been variations on either the Red Dragon, an ancient emblem revived by Henry VII, or the arms of Llywelyn. Whereas the arms of England, Scotland and Ireland are represented in the Royal Arms of the United Kingdom, Wales has no such representation due to it having been annexed and incorporated into the Kingdom of England; therefore Wales had no status as a nation within the Kingdom of England, and the succeeding United Kingdom. The device introduced in 2008 is accordingly a heraldic badge, rather than a coat of arms; Wales currently has no official coat of arms.

History

Coat of arms of Llywelyn the Great

Coat of arms of Llywelyn

Before the Norman conquest, Wales was ruled by a number of kings and princes, whose dominions shifted and sometimes merged following the vagaries of war, marriage and inheritance. All these kings and princes were ascribed personal coats of arms, often retrospectively if they lived before the dawn of heraldry, and these were borne by their descendants in Wales. The two principal Welsh kingdoms were those of Gwynedd, in the north, and Deheubarth in the south. Of these, the more successful, and the last, finally, to fall, was that of Gwynedd, and the arms now borne by the Princes of Wales as an inescutcheon since 1910 are the historic arms of the dynasty of Gwynedd as borne by the last native Princes of Wales, including Llywelyn the Great and Llywelyn ap Gruffudd. These arms have the blazon Quarterly Or and Gules, four lions passant guardant counterchanged, armed and langued Azur.

Red Dragon badge

The 1953 Royal Badge of Wales

A royal heraldic badge for Wales has been used since the reign of Henry VII, which is: On a mount Vert a dragon passant with wings elevated Gules.[4] In 1953 the badge was given an augmentation of honour. The augmented badge is blazoned: Within a circular riband Argent fimbriated Or bearing the motto Y DDRAIG GOCH DDYRY CYCHWYN ["the red dragon inspires action"], in letters Vert, and ensigned with a representation of the Crown proper, an escutcheon per fesse Argent and Vert and thereon the Red Dragon passant.[5] Winston Churchill, the prime minister at the time, detested the badge's design, as is revealed in the following Cabinet minute from 1953:[6]

In 1956 this badge was added to the arms of the Welsh capital city Cardiff by placing it on collars around the necks of the two supporters of the shield.[7] The badge was the basis of a flag of Wales[8] in which it was placed on a background divided horizontally with the top half white and bottom half green. In 1959 Government use of this flag was dropped in favour of the current flag[9][10] at the urging of the Gorsedd of Bards.[11]

The badge was used by the Welsh Office and its successor the Wales Office until January 2017.[12] [13] It was used in the interim logo of the National Assembly for Wales until the "dynamic dragon" logo was adopted.[14]

There is a further badge for Wales, belonging to the Princes of Wales since 1901, of the red dragon on a mount but with a label of three points Argent about the shoulder to difference it from the monarch's badge.[15] (A similar label of three points is used in his arms, crest and supporters for the same reason.)

Use of the arms of Llywelyn for Wales

When in 1911 the future King Edward VIII was made Prince of Wales, a warrant exemplifying his arms was issued. Along with the usual royal arms differenced by a "label" of three points, his main coat of arms included an "inescutcheon surtout" crowned with the heir apparent's coronet and containing the arms of Llywelyn of Gwynedd to represent the principality of Wales.[16]

It is unclear whether, before this date, they were thought of as the "arms of Wales" or simply as the "arms of Llywelyn". But they had certainly not previously been used by heirs to the English or British thrones; indeed, in his 1909 book A Complete Guide to Heraldry, Arthur Charles Fox-Davies had written: "It is much to be regretted that the arms of HRH The Prince of Wales do not include...any allusion to his dignities of Prince of Wales or Earl of Chester." The only allusion, before this innovation, to Wales in the royal arms had been the inclusion, among many other badges, of on a mount vert a dragon rouge – the royal badge on which the present flag of Wales is based.

In the 1960s, A banner of the principality's arms, defaced with an inescutcheon of his heraldic coronet, was introduced for the Prince of Wales's use in Wales.

In 2007 the Presiding Officer of the National Assembly for Wales entered into discussions with the Prince of Wales and the College of Arms regarding a grant of arms for official use by the assembly.[17] A new royal badge designed by the Garter King of Arms, Peter Gwynne-Jones, was granted in 2008 based on the arms of Llywelyn.[18]

See also

References

  1. ↑ "First Welsh law's royal approval". BBC. 9 July 2008. Retrieved 6 March 2016.
  2. ↑ "Example of badge use on Welsh measure" (PDF). Retrieved 6 March 2016.
  3. ↑ "Example of badge used on the first Welsh act" (PDF). Retrieved 16 January 2017.
  4. ↑ Parker, J. A Glossary of Terms Used in Heraldry, [1894] 2000
  5. ↑ "No. 39798". The London Gazette. 13 March 1953. p. 1437.
  6. ↑ Arms for Wales | The National Archives
  7. ↑ Hartemink, R. International Civic Arms
  8. ↑ Flags of the World, "Wales"
  9. ↑ Barraclough, EMC. Flags of the World, 1965.
  10. ↑ Hansard (unofficial text) archive experiment, HC Deb 23 February 1959 C121-2
  11. ↑ Lofmark, C. A History of the Red Dragon Archived 7 September 2008 at the Wayback Machine.
  12. ↑ Wales Office Archived 13 January 2008 at the Wayback Machine.
  13. ↑ https://www.gov.uk/government/organisations/office-of-the-secretary-of-state-for-wales
  14. ↑ BBC NI – Learning – A State Apart – Intergovernmental Relations – Overview
  15. ↑ "No. 27385". The London Gazette. 10 December 1901. p. 8714.
  16. ↑ "No. 28473". The London Gazette. 7 March 1911. p. 1939.
  17. ↑ BBC NEWS | Politics | Wales politics | Wales@Westminster newslog
  18. ↑ Betsan Powys. "Leeks and all". BBC. Retrieved 6 March 2016.

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