Zentralstadion (1956)

For other uses of Central Stadium, see Central Stadium.
Zentralstadion
Full name Zentralstadion
Former names Frankfurter Wiesen
Stadion der Hunderttausend
Sportforum Leipzig[1]
Location Leipzig, Germany
Coordinates 51°20′44.86″N 12°20′53.59″E / 51.3457944°N 12.3482194°E / 51.3457944; 12.3482194Coordinates: 51°20′44.86″N 12°20′53.59″E / 51.3457944°N 12.3482194°E / 51.3457944; 12.3482194
Owner German Democratic Republic
Operator Leipzig
Capacity 120,000[2]
Construction
Built 4 March 1955 (1955-03-04)
Opened 4 August 1956 (1956-08-04)
Renovated 2004 as Red Bull Arena (Leipzig)
Closed 2000
Demolished seats, fences and floodlights only
Construction cost 9mio USD
Architect Werner March (sketch), Eitel Jackowski (complete), Heinz Schütze (complete),[3]Rudolf Lossner (buildings)[4]
Project manager Walter Ulbricht
Tenants
Deutscher Turn- und Sportbund
DHFK Leipzig
Trade Sports- Associations of sports societies in the GDR

Central Stadium (German: Zentralstadion, German pronunciation: [tsɛnˈtra:lˈʃta:di̯ɔn]) was a multi-use stadium in Leipzig, Germany. It was initially used as the stadium of 1. FC Lokomotive Leipzig matches. In 2004, it was renovated into the current Red Bull Arena.

The capacity of the stadium was 120,000 spectators. In its construction, roughly 1,5 million Cubic metre debris of bombing of Leipzig in World War II were used. The name came after the Soviet society which was using the term Central Stadium for their stadiums within the towns.

Final review

After the 1896 Summer Olympics, the city of Leipzig begun to plan a stadium in its town. The Zentralstadion was built first for the sports students within the Sportforum Leipzig, as the stadium of 100,000. Beside it was the Olympic style swimming stadium. After the sports university, rowing channel and the swimming stadium, they began to plan for a new stadium downtown. The citizens wanted to get the Olympic Games for Leipzig. They used the blueprints of the architect Werner March, the architect of the Olympiastadion (Berlin). To finish the plan, they needed only 15 months. The reason is that 180,000 volunteers worked there without salary. Walter Ulbricht himself named the stadium into "Stadion der Hunderttausend" (stadium of 100,000). He decided that the German Gym and Sports Celebrations must take place there only.[5][6][7][8][9]

First soccer teams from other cities and towns were the Honved Budapest and 1.FC Kaiserslautern. The next event with filled stadium is the Friedensfahrt. The most pretigious club soccer event there was the won semifinal match of the 1986–87 European Cup Winners' Cup.[10] Up to 1987, the stadium was still up to date. In 1977 better flood lights with more lumens were installed, but had the problem that the houses of beside the stadium had power cuts during matches. Peoples had no light in their flats (Leipzig Waldstraßen District).

It is still the German stadium with the most spectators during a match. For matches of the GDR national team attendance was regularly 80,000 up to 120,000 spectators.

Architecture

Reasons for the new construction as part of the Sports Forum Leipzig

Since the War of the Fourth Coalition, pedagogues (Ernst Moritz Arndt & Friedrich Ludwig Jahn) became the idea to invent German national sports celebrations for defending as Lützow Free Corps against the French invaders.[11] Decades later: Leipzig was one of the richest towns in Germany. They had so many festivals for sports celebrated. Other towns in Germany tried or celebrated the same but had never over 100,000 or more participants, during the time of the Kingdom of Saxony, Weimar Republic and the Third Reich, except during the 1936 Summer Olympics. The leader Walter Ulbricht wanted to have own national games and that needs a Stadium which does commemorate for the 100,000 fallen soldiers during the Battle of Leipzig, for norms and principles of the First Geneva Convention (humanity law).[12] And Their motto was of course and after their anthem of East Germany Risen from Ruins.

Construction time

Workers are happy to have debris for their stadium: motivated, social, lack of food stuff and clothes

Heinz Haferkorn (regional leader of the Free German Youth) was the official in charge for the volunteers and got the order to find 200 volunteers, for every working day.[13] They begin their work on August 2, 1955. For financial reasons, the still existing debris of the 1945 bombings was used. The official architect was Karl Souradny, despite only completing the ground drawings and never visiting the site.[14] All in all 180,000 volunteers worked together 735,992 hours for the stadium, costs for machines, concrete and tools amounted to 28 millions East German mark (or 5,6 million Deutsche Mark).[15] A small train had been brought nonstop debris to the stadium. They didn't throw this on walls but created a mixture with ash, soil with bricks and compressed it with water.[16]

Renovation controversies

1990, due riots in other countries of Europe and in Leipzig's Alfred-Kunze-Sportpark, the leader Rudolf Krause of the interior ministry in Leipzig ordered the ban of the Central Stadium. Rioters getting no real penalties when they can demolish in stadiums.[17] The bell may not toll and the flame never more ignited, of the Werner Seelenbinder Tower.[18] Initiators are the chancellor Gerhard Schröder, Otto Schily and Wolfgang Tiefensee.

In the years after the German reunification, the stadium was underused. None of the football clubs of Leipzig played in the Bundesliga, the German top soccer division in Germany. Due to the rising maintenance costs, the City of Leipzig decided to build a new stadium in 1997, albeit far smaller and just for the purpose of soccer. The new Zentralstadion (now named Red Bull Arena) was built inside the old stadium and lies embedded between the wall of the old Central Stadium. However, its capability was below 45.000, less than half of the old capacity.

Some critics noted that the similar sized Olympiastadion in Berlin was renovated in the same period and therefore the Central Stadium could have been saved and further maintained. in 2000, Germany won the right to host the 2006 Fifa World Cup, prompting renovation of many of the German soccer stadiums, including the Olympiastadion. There was a considerable interest for tickets for the later World Cup Games in the stadium (up to 70.000 requests), further questioning the reducing in capacity with the new stadium.

International Soccer Matches of the East Germany national football team

Between 1957 and 2004, all matches were broadcast by the Deutscher Fernsehfunk and later Eurosport. 2,812,000 visitors came to the matches in all. The Soviet Union was the team with the most matches as foreign team here. The average of the visitor numbers is 63,909 without club team matches, Spartakiade and the East German Sports Festival. The East German national team won 20 matches with 13 drawns and 10 defeats. One match was hosted as national stadium for Poland. 21 matches took place as qualifying matches. 23 matches were exhibition matches.

Date Local time Home Final score (halftime score) Visitor Game type Attendance
1957-05-19**:**Germany East Germany2:1 (1:1) Goals scored:Charles (WAL) 6', Wirth (GDR) 21', Tröger (GDR) 61′Wales Wales1958 FIFA World Cup qualification – Referee: Nikolay Latyshev Soviet Union105,000[19]
1957-10-27**:**Germany East Germany1:4 (1:3) Goals scored: Kraus (TCH) 4′, Moravčík (TCH) 23', Müller (GDR) 23′, Novák (TCH) 43', Kraus (TCH) 88′Czech Republic Czechoslovakia1958 FIFA World Cup qualification – Referee: Pierre Schwinte France110,000[20]
1957-11-09**:**Poland Poland0:2 (0:1) Goals scored: Streltsov (URS) 31′, Fiedosov (URS) 75′Soviet Union Soviet Union1958 FIFA World Cup qualification – Referee: Clough John Harold England110,000[21][22]
1958-09-14**:**Germany East Germany3:2 (1:1) Goals scored: Schröter (GDR) 25′, Penalty Constantin (ROU) 27′, Penalty Assmy (GDR) 57′, Ene (ROU) 61′, Wirth (GDR) 76′Romania RomaniaExhibition match – Referee: Nikolai Balakin Soviet Union60,000
1958-11-02**:**Germany East Germany4:1 (2:1) Goals scored: Assmy (GDR) 4′, Müller (GDR) 12′, Hennum (NOR) 42′, Schröter (GDR) 56′, Müller (GDR) 65′Norway NorwayExhibition match – Referee: Antonín Vrbovec Czech Republic60,000[23]
1959-08-12**:**Germany East Germany2:1 (2:0) Goals scored: Schröter (GDR) 3′, Franz (GDR) 44′, Kadraba (TCH) 53′Czechoslovakia CzechoslovakiaExhibition match – Referee: Nikolai Latychev Soviet Union100,000[24][25]
1960-08-17**:**East Germany East Germany0:1 (0:0) Goals scored: Ponedelnik (URS) 75′Soviet Union USSRExhibition match – Referee: Josef Stoll Austria70,000[26]
1961-05-14**:**East Germany East Germany1:1 (0:0) Goals scored: Groot (NED) 63′, Erler (GDR) 80′Netherlands Netherlands1962 FIFA World Cup qualification – Referee: Carl Jorgensen Denmark70,000[27]
1961-05-14**:**East Germany East Germany4:1 (2:1) Goals scored: Schröter (GDR) 8′, Madsen (DEN) 20′, Ducke (GDR) 29′, Schröter (GDR) 56′, Schröter (GDR) 88′Denmark DenmarkExhibition match – Referee: Józef Kowal Poland30,000[28]
1961-05-14**:**East Germany East Germany2:2 (0:2) Goals scored: Zambata (YUG) 20′, Jerković (YUG) 43′, Wirth (GDR) 45′, Schröter (GDR) 52′Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia YugoslaviaExhibition match – Referee: Václav Korelus Czechoslovakia35,000[29][30]
1964-05-23**:**East Germany East Germany1:1 (?:?) Goals scored: ? (GDR) ?′, ? (URS) ?′Soviet Union USSRExhibition match – Referee: ?80,000
1965-05-23**:**East Germany East Germany1:1 (1:1) Goals scored: Vogel (GDR) 17′, Bene (HUN) 28′Hungary Hungary1966 FIFA World Cup qualification – Referee: Fredrik Johansson Sweden110,000[31]
1965-10-31**:**East Germany East Germany1:0 (1:0) Goals scored: Nöldner (GDR) 1′Austria AUT1966 FIFA World Cup qualification – Referee: Samuel Carswell Northern Ireland95,000
1966-04-27**:**East Germany East Germany4:1 (3:1) Goals scored: Ducke (GDR) 2′, Nöldner (GDR) 23′, Kindvall (SWE) 43′, Frenzel (GDR) 57′Sweden SwedenExhibition match – Referee: Laurens Van Ravens Netherlands50,000[32]
1966-07-02**:**East Germany East Germany5:2 (2:0) Goals scored: Nöldner (GDR) 3′, Frenzel (GDR) 44′, Tobar (CHI) 62′, Vogel (GDR) 72′, Fräßdorf (GDR) 79′, Marcos (CHI) 81′, Geisler (GDR) 86′Chile ChileExhibition match – Referee: Per Engblom Finland45,000[33]
1967-04-05**:**East Germany East Germany4:3 (0:2) Goals scored: Mulder (NED) 10′, Keizer (NED) 12′, Vogel (GDR) 50′, Frenzel (GDR) 62′, Keizer (NED) 65′, Frenzel (GDR) 69′, Frenzel (GDR) 85′Netherlands NetherlandsUEFA Euro 1968 qualifying – Referee: Hannes Sigurðsson Iceland40,000[34]
1967-10-1117:00East Germany East Germany3:2 (1:2) Goals scored: Dyreborg (DEN) 25′, Körner (GDR) 35′, Søndergaard (DEN) 38′, Pankau (GDR) 59′, Pankau (GDR) 73′Denmark DenmarkUEFA Euro 1968 qualifying – Referee: Ryszard Banasiuk Poland25,000[35]
1967-10-2914:00East Germany East Germany1:0 (0:0) Goals scored: Frenzel (GDR) 51′Hungary HungaryUEFA Euro 1968 qualifying – Referee: Robert Helies France110,000[36]
1968-04-24**:**East Germany East Germany3:2 (?:?) Goals scored: ?Bulgaria Bulgaria? – Referee: ? 35,000
1969-07-25**:**East Germany East Germany2:2 (1:1) Goals scored: Löwe (GDR) 6′, Löwe (GDR) 6′, Puzach (URS) 35′, Khmelnytskyi (URS) 59′, Frenzel (GDR) 87′Soviet Union Soviet UnionExhibition match – Referee: Gyula Emsberger Hungary90,000[37]
1971-05-0915:00East Germany East Germany1:2 (0:2) Goals scored: Filipović (YUG) 11′, Džajić (YUG) 19′, Puzach (YUG) 35′, Löwe (GDR) 70′Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia YugoslaviaUEFA Euro 1972 qualifying – Referee: Paul Schiller Austria100,000[38]
1971-09-18**:**East Germany East Germany1:1 (0:0) Goals scored: Borja (MEX) 50′, Löwe (GDR) 80′Mexico MexicoExhibition match – Referee: Gyula Emsberger Hungary20,000[39]
1972-05-27**:**East Germany East Germany1:0 (0:0) Goals scored: Irmscher (GDR) 81′Uruguay UruguayExhibition match – Referee: Bohumil Smejkal Czech Republic20,000[40]
1973-03-26**:**East Germany East Germany2:0 (?:?) Goals scored: ?Romania RomaniaExhibition match – Referee: ? 95,000[41]
1974-05-29**:**East Germany East Germany1:1 (0:0) Goals scored: Streich (GDR) 66', Channon (GDR) 68'England EnglandExhibition match – Referee: György Müncz Hungary100,000[42][43]
1974-12-0717:30East Germany East Germany0:0 (0:0) Goals scored: 0Belgium BelgiumUEFA Euro 1976 qualifying – Referee: Sergio Gonella Italy35,000

[44]

1975-10-1214:30East Germany East Germany2:1 (0:0) Goals scored: Bathenay (FRA) 50′, Streich (GDR) 55′, Vogel (GDR) 77′France FranceUEFA Euro 1976 qualifying – Referee: Erik Fredriksson Sweden35,000

[45][46]

1976-04-07**:**East Germany East Germany0:0 (0:0) Goals scored: 0Czech Republic CzechoslovakiaFootball at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's qualification – Referee: Vladimir Rudnev Soviet Union45,000[47]
1977-07-28**:**East Germany East Germany2:1 (1:1) Goals scored: Häfner (GDR) 8', Bubnov (USSR) 22', Sparwasser (GDR) 90'Soviet Union Soviet UnionExhibition match – Referee: Marian Kuston Poland95,000[48]
1977-10-12**:**East Germany East Germany1:1 (0:1) Goals scored: Hattenberger (AUT) 43', Löwe (GDR) 50'Austria Austria1978 FIFA World Cup qualification – Referee: Ian Foote Scotland100,000[49]
1978-04-04**:**East Germany East Germany0:1 (0:0) Goals scored: Åslund (SWE) 75'Sweden SwedenExhibition match – Referee: Bogdan Dotchev Bulgaria25,000[50]
1978-09-06**:**East Germany East Germany2:1 (1:0) Goals scored: Pommerenke (GDR) 20', Eigendorf (GDR) 66', Ondruš (TCH) 84'Czechoslovakia CzechoslovakiaExhibition match – Referee: Franz Wöhrer Austria15,000[51]
1979-04-18**:**East Germany East Germany2:1 (0:1) Goals scored: Boniek (POL) 7', Streich (GDR) 50', Lindemann (GDR) 63'Poland PolandUEFA Euro 1980 qualifying – Referee: Azim Zade Soviet Union55,000[52]
1979-11-2117:00East Germany East Germany2:3 (2:1) Goals scored: Schnuphase (GDR) 17', Streich (GDR) 33', Thijssen (NED) 45', Kist (NED) 50', Kerkhof (NED) 67'Netherlands NetherlandsUEFA Euro 1980 qualifying – Referee: António Garrido Portugal100,000[53][54]
1980-04-16**:**East Germany East Germany2:0 (0:0) Goals scored: Weber (GDR) 64', Streich (GDR) 69'Greece GreeceExhibition match – Referee: Torben Månsson Denmark20,000[55]
1980-10-15**:**East Germany East Germany0:0 (0:0) Goals scored:0Spain SpainExhibition match – Referee: Jan Veverka Czechoslovakia30,000[56]
1981-10-10**:**East Germany East Germany2:3 (0:2) Goals scored: Szarmach (POL) 2', Smolarek (POL) 5', Schnuphase (GDR) 53', Smolarek (POL) 62', Streich (GDR) 63'Poland Poland1982 FIFA World Cup qualification – Referee: Augusto Lamo Castillo Spain85,000[57][58]
1982-04-14**:**East Germany East Germany1:0 (1:0) Goals scored: Hause (GDR) 20'Italy ItalyExhibition match – Referee: Dusan Krchnak Czechoslovakia28,000[59][60]
1983-03-3017:00East Germany East Germany1:2 (0:1) Goals scored: Elst (BEL) 35', Vandenbergh (BEL) 70', Streich (GDR) 82'Belgium BelgiumUEFA Euro 1984 qualifying Group 1 – Referee: John Carpenter Republic of Ireland75,000[61]
1983-06-26**:**East Germany East Germany1:3 (1:2) Goals scored: Blokhin (URS) 10', Streich (GDR) 24', Oganesyan (URS) 35', Yevtushenko (URS) 64'Soviet Union Soviet UnionExhibition match – Referee: Károly Palotai Hungary70,000[62]
1984-10-20**:**East Germany East Germany2:3 (1:1) Goals scored: Glowatzky (GDR) 11', Baždarević (YUG) 30', Vokri (YUG) 48', Ernst (GDR) 59', Šestić (YUG) 80'Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia Yugoslavia1986 FIFA World Cup qualification – Referee: Horst Brummeier Austria63,000[63]
1985-09-11**:**East Germany East Germany2:0 (0:0) Goals scored: Ernst (GDR) 53', Kreer (GDR) 81'France France1986 FIFA World Cup qualification – Referee: Pietro D'Elia Italy78,000[64][65]
1987-07-28**:**East Germany East Germany0:0 (0:0) Goals scored: 0Hungary HungaryExhibition match – Referee: Jan Damgaard Denmark71,000[66]
1989-05-20**:**East Germany East Germany1:1 (0:1) Goals scored: Polster (AUT) 3', Kirsten (GDR) 86'Austria Austria1990 FIFA World Cup qualification – Referee: Alphonse Constantin Belgium22,000[67]

German Sports Festival (National Olympics for East Germans)

banner with logo of the sports festival and SV Dynamo

During this festival came at least 150,000.

  • 1956 (2.–5. August): II. Deutsches Turn- und Sportfest
  • 1959 (13.–16. August): III. Deutsches Turn- und Sportfest
  • 1963 (1.–4. August): IV. Deutsches Turn- und Sportfest
  • 1969 (24.–27. July): V. Turn- und Sportfest der DDR
  • 1977 (25.–31. July): VI. Turn- und Sportfest der DDR und VI. Kinder- und Jugendspartakiade
  • 1983 (25.–31. July): VII. Turn- und Sportfest der DDR und IX. Kinder- und Jugendspartakiade
  • 1987 (27. July–2. August): VIII. Turn- und Sportfest der DDR und XI. Kinder- und Jugendspartakiade

See also with 100,000 or more

References

  1. ↑ Andreas Debski; Michael Kraske; Ingolf Rackwitz (2006). Zentralstadion Leipzig. Vom Stadion der Hunderttausend zum Fussballtempel. Das Neue Berlin. p. 20. ISBN 978-3360012807.
  2. ↑ http://www.fussballfanseiten.de/FFSBlog/?page_id=823
  3. ↑ Andreas Debski; Michael Kraske; Ingolf Rackwitz (2006). Zentralstadion Leipzig. Vom Stadion der Hunderttausend zum Fussballtempel. Das Neue Berlin. p. 20. ISBN 978-3360012807.
  4. ↑ Andreas Debski; Michael Kraske; Ingolf Rackwitz (2006). Zentralstadion Leipzig. Vom Stadion der Hunderttausend zum Fussballtempel. Das Neue Berlin. p. 25. ISBN 978-3360012807.
  5. ↑ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WcE4oRAo2iA
  6. ↑ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lF-XLRqqzaM
  7. ↑ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UGwx0MQmghI
  8. ↑ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BHmbDYXsrkU
  9. ↑ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hJa1wAcmCcM
  10. ↑ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B96xBqnrFZY
  11. ↑ Andreas Debski; Michael Kraske; Ingolf Rackwitz (2006). Zentralstadion Leipzig. Vom Stadion der Hunderttausend zum Fussballtempel. Das Neue Berlin. p. 9. ISBN 978-3360012807.
  12. ↑ Andreas Debski; Michael Kraske; Ingolf Rackwitz (2006). Zentralstadion Leipzig. Vom Stadion der Hunderttausend zum Fussballtempel. Das Neue Berlin. pp. 8–18. ISBN 978-3360012807.
  13. ↑ Andreas Debski; Michael Kraske; Ingolf Rackwitz (2006). Zentralstadion Leipzig. Vom Stadion der Hunderttausend zum Fussballtempel. Das Neue Berlin. p. 23. ISBN 978-3360012807.
  14. ↑ Andreas Debski; Michael Kraske; Ingolf Rackwitz (2006). Zentralstadion Leipzig. Vom Stadion der Hunderttausend zum Fussballtempel. Das Neue Berlin. p. 23. ISBN 978-3360012807.
  15. ↑ Andreas Debski; Michael Kraske; Ingolf Rackwitz (2006). Zentralstadion Leipzig. Vom Stadion der Hunderttausend zum Fussballtempel. Das Neue Berlin. p. 25. ISBN 978-3360012807.
  16. ↑ Andreas Debski; Michael Kraske; Ingolf Rackwitz (2006). Zentralstadion Leipzig. Vom Stadion der Hunderttausend zum Fussballtempel. Das Neue Berlin. p. 26. ISBN 978-3360012807.
  17. ↑ Andreas Debski; Michael Kraske; Ingolf Rackwitz (2006). Zentralstadion Leipzig. Vom Stadion der Hunderttausend zum Fussballtempel. Das Neue Berlin. p. 134. ISBN 978-3360012807.
  18. ↑ Andreas Debski; Michael Kraske; Ingolf Rackwitz (2006). Zentralstadion Leipzig. Vom Stadion der Hunderttausend zum Fussballtempel. Das Neue Berlin. p. 28. ISBN 978-3360012807.
  19. ↑ "HISTORISCHE HIGHLIGHTS IM ALTEN ZENTRALSTADION LEIPZIG" (in German). 4 November 2014.
  20. ↑ Werner Skrentny: Das grosse Buch der deutschen Fußballstadien. Verlag Die Werkstatt, Göttingen 2000, ISBN 978-3-89533-668-3.
  21. ↑ http://www.leipziger-fussballverband.de/cms2/index.php?page=157
  22. ↑ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0VvDdVIHk48
  23. ↑ http://www.weltfussball.de/spielbericht/freundschaft-1958-november-ddr-norwegen/
  24. ↑ http://www.leipziger-fussballverband.de/cms2/index.php?page=157
  25. ↑ http://www.fussballdaten.de/freundschaftsspiele/1959/ddr-cssr/
  26. ↑ http://www.weltfussball.de/spielbericht/freundschaft-1960-august-ddr-udssr/
  27. ↑ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RMjE2rC8gXI
  28. ↑ http://www.weltfussball.de/spielbericht/freundschaft-1962-mai-ddr-daenemark/
  29. ↑ http://www.weltfussball.de/spielbericht/freundschaft-1962-september-ddr-jugoslawien/
  30. ↑ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L0U_iNAESlo
  31. ↑ http://www.fussballdaten.de/wm/1966/europa/qualifikation/gruppe6/ddr-ungarn/
  32. ↑ http://www.fussballdaten.de/freundschaftsspiele/1966/ddr-schweden/
  33. ↑ http://www.fussballdaten.de/freundschaftsspiele/1966/ddr-chile/
  34. ↑ http://www.weltfussball.de/spielbericht/em-qualifikation-1966-1967-gruppe-5-ddr-niederlande/
  35. ↑ http://de.uefa.com/uefaeuro/season=1968/matches/round=178/match=3891/
  36. ↑ http://de.uefa.com/uefaeuro/season=1968/matches/round=178/match=3892/index.html
  37. ↑ http://www.fussballdaten.de/freundschaftsspiele/1969/ddr-russland/
  38. ↑ http://de.uefa.com/uefaeuro/season=1972/matches/round=187/match=3809/index.html
  39. ↑ http://www.ran.de/datenbank/fussball/freundschaft/ma2187191/ddr_mexiko/direkter-vergleich/
  40. ↑ http://www.fussballdaten.de/freundschaftsspiele/1972/ddr-uruguay-1/
  41. ↑ "Auswahl-Länderspiele in Leipzig". Leipziger Fussballverband. June 6, 2012. Retrieved November 2014. Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  42. ↑ "DDR v England 29th MAY 1974 Joachim Streich" (in German). Youtube. June 6, 2012. Retrieved November 2014. Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  43. ↑ "Freundschaft 1974 » Mai » DDR - England 1:1". www.weltfussball.de/ (in German). Retrieved November 2014. Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  44. ↑ UEFA, Anonym (27 June 2012). "Geschichte Vorrunde der Qualifizierung UEFA Europameisterschaft 1976" [Qualifying round for the UEFA European Cup 1976] (in German). Retrieved November 2014. Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  45. ↑ UEFA, Anonym (27 June 2012). "Geschichte Vorrunde der Qualifizierung UEFA Europameisterschaft 1976" [Qualifying round for the UEFA European Cup 1976] (in German). Retrieved November 2014. Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  46. ↑ Youtube, Anonym (21 December 2012). "EM 76 Qualifier DDR v France 12th OCT 1975" [Qualifying round for the UEFA European Cup 1976 GDR vs.FRA] (in German). Retrieved November 2014. Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  47. ↑ Fußballdaten.de. "Die Spielstatistik DDR - Tschechien" [The soccer data GDR vs. Czechoslovakia] (in German). Retrieved November 2014. Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  48. ↑ http://www.weltfussball.de/, Anonym (2000). "DDR Donnerstag, 28. Juli 1977 UdSSR" [GDR vs. USSR July 28, 1977] (in German). Retrieved November 2014. Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  49. ↑ Fußballdaten.de. "Qualifikationsrunde der WM 1978" [Qualification round of the FIFA World Cup 1978] (in German). Retrieved November 2014. Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  50. ↑ weltfussball.de. "Fußballländerspiele 1978" [Soccer international matches 1978] (in German). Retrieved November 2014. Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  51. ↑ http://www.ran.de/, RAN. "Direkter Vergleich DDR gegen CSSR" [Directly comparison between EAST GERMANY vs. CZECHOSLOVAKIA] (in German). Retrieved November 2014. Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  52. ↑ Youtube. "Fußball-EM 1980 Qualifikation: DDR - Polen 2:1" [GDR vs- Poland UEFA Qualifying 1980] (in German). Retrieved November 2014. Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  53. ↑ Youtube. "EM 80 Qualifier DDR v Holland 21st NOV 1979" [GDR vs- Netherlands UEFA Qualifying 1980] (in German). Retrieved November 2014. Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  54. ↑ Youtube. "Vorrunde (Gruppe 4)" [UEFA Qualifying 1980] (in German). Retrieved November 2014. Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  55. ↑ Weltfußball. "Direckter Vergleich DDR gegen GRE" [Directly comparison GDR vs. GRE 1980] (in German). Retrieved November 2014. Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  56. ↑ Fußballdaten. "Direkter Vergleich DDR gegen Spanien" [Directly comparison GDR vs. ESP 1980] (in German). Retrieved November 2014. Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  57. ↑ Youtube (March 2011). "Fußball WM 1982 Qualifikation: DDR - Polen 2:3" [Soccer World Cup Qualifikation for 1982 GDR vs Poland] (in German). Retrieved November 2014. Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  58. ↑ Weltfußball (2010). "WM-Quali. Europa 1980/1981 » Gruppe 7 » DDR - Polen 2:3" [Soccer World Cup Qualifikation 1982 in Europe GDR vs Poland] (in German). Retrieved November 2014. Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  59. ↑ Youtube (March 2011). "Fußball-Länderspiel 1982: DDR - Italien 1:0" [Soccer national match GDR vs Italy 1:0] (in German). Retrieved December 2014. Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  60. ↑ Fußballdaten.de (2010). "Spielstatistik DDR gegen Italien 1982 1:0" [Match date GDR versus Italy 1:0 in 1982] (in German). Retrieved December 2014. Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  61. ↑ Weltfußball (2010). "UEFA.com > UEFA EURO > 1984 > Spiele > Vorrunde > German Dem. Rep.-Belgien" [UEFA.com > UEFA EURO > 1984 > Matches > Qualifying Round> German Dem. Rep.-Belgium] (in German). Retrieved December 2014. Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  62. ↑ Weltfußball (2010). "Freundschaft 1983 » Juli » DDR - UdSSR 1:3" [Friendship 1983 » July » GDR - USSR 1:3] (in German). Retrieved December 2014. Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  63. ↑ Weltfußball (2010). "WM 86 Qualifier DDR v Yugoslavia 20th OCT 1984". Retrieved December 2014. Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  64. ↑ Weltfußball (2010). "WM 86 Qualifier DDR v France 11 SEP 1985". Retrieved December 2014. Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  65. ↑ Youtube (6 December 2011). "Fußball-WM 1986 Qualifikation: DDR - Frankreich 2:0" [WC 1986 Qualification: GDR vs. France 2:0]. Retrieved December 2014. Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  66. ↑ Weltfußball (2010). "Freundschaft 1987 » Juli » DDR - Ungarn 0:0" [Exhibition match 1987 » July » GDR - Hungary 0:0] (in German). Retrieved December 2014. Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  67. ↑ Youtube (2010). "WM 90 Qualifier DDR v Austria 20th MAY 1989". Retrieved December 2014. Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)

Notes

The Austrian Biedermeier architecture style (elegant, simple and symmetric)

Further reading

  • Andreas Debski; Michael Kraske; Ingolf Rackwitz (2006). Zentralstadion Leipzig. Vom Stadion der Hunderttausend zum Fussballtempel (in German). Das Neue Berlin. p. 191. ISBN 978-3360012807.
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