Brodiaea coronaria

Brodiaea coronaria
Crown brodiaea
Scientific classification
Kingdom:Plantae
Clade:Angiosperms
Clade:Monocots
Order:Asparagales
Family:Asparagaceae
Subfamily:Brodiaeoideae
Genus:Brodiaea
Species: B. coronaria
Binomial name
Brodiaea coronaria
Subspecies

Brodiaea coronaria subsp. coronaria
Brodiaea coronaria subsp. rosea

Synonyms

See text.

Brodiaea coronaria is the type species of Brodiaea[2] and also known by the common names harvest brodiaea and crown brodiaea.[3][4] It is native to western North America from British Columbia to northern California, where it grows in mountains and grasslands.

Description

Brodiaea coronaria is a perennial herb growing from a corm and producing an erect inflorescence with a few basal leaves. The inflorescence is up to about 25 centimeters tall and bears lilylike flowers on an array of pedicels.

Each flower is a tube several centimeters long opening into a bell-shaped corolla of six bright purple lobes each up to 3 centimeters long. In the center are three stamens and whitish sterile stamens known as staminodes.

Taxonomy

Nomenclature

The history of the scientific name of this species is somewhat tangled. The plant was first collected by Archibald Menzies during the Vancouver Expedition, and published as Hookera coronaria by Richard Salisbury in Paradisus Londinensis early in 1808.[5] However, Salisbury had fallen out with fellow botanist James Edward Smith. Smith first published a moss genus, Hookeria, and then published a description of Salisbury's Hookera coronaria as Brodiaea grandiflora.[6]

If it was Smith's intention to replace Salisbury's name, as has been suggested,[6] it was partly successful, since although Salisbury's Hookera coronaria has priority over Smith's Brodiaea grandiflora, names as similar as Hookera and Hookeria are considered to be confusing and a formal proposal to conserve the names Brodiaea and Hookeria over the name Hookera was accepted.[7] However, Salisbury's epithet coronaria still stands since Smith's Brodiaea grandiflora is now considered to have been an illegitimate name when published. In 1917, after the Kew Rule had vanished from botanical nomenclature, Willis Jepson formally published the combination Brodiaea coronaria, now accepted as the botanical name for this species.[1]

Synonyms

Synonyms, in full or in part, include:[8]

  • Hookera coronaria Salisb. (basionym)
  • Hookera grandiflora (Sm.) Kuntze
  • Brodiaea grandiflora Sm.
  • Hookera rosea Greene
  • Brodiaea rosea (Greene) Baker

Subspecies

There are two subspecies of this plant:

  • Brodiaea coronaria subsp. coronaria – crown brodiaea[9]
  • Brodiaea coronaria subsp. rosea – Indian Valley brodiaea; a rare pink-flowered subspecies endemic to a small region in the Inner North California Coast Ranges (Tehama, Glenn, and Lake Counties) in northwestern California.[10][11]
At the center of the flower are three stamens and whitish sterile stamens or staminodes (Anacortes, Washington).

References

  1. 1 2 "Brodiaea coronaria (Salisb.) Jeps., Madroño 1: 61 (1917)". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 2013-09-08.
  2. ↑ "Brodiaea". Index Nominum Genericorum. International Association for Plant Taxonomy. 1996-02-09. Retrieved 2008-06-27.
  3. ↑ Pojar, Jim; MacKinnon, Andy (1994). Plants of the Pacific Northwest Coast: Washington, Oregon, British Columbia & Alaska. Canada: Lone Pine Publishing. p. 107.
  4. ↑ "Brodiaea coronaria". Natural Resources Conservation Service PLANTS Database. USDA. Retrieved 2008-06-27.
  5. ↑ "Plant Name Details for Brodiaea coronaria" (HTML). International Plant Names Index (IPNI). International Organization for Plant Information (IOPI). Retrieved 2008-06-27.
  6. 1 2  Boulger, George Simonds (1897). "Salisbury, Richard Anthony". In Lee, Sidney. Dictionary of National Biography. 50. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
  7. ↑ Rickett, H.W. & Stafleu, F.A. (1959). "Nomina generica conservanda et rejicienda spermatophytorum". Taxon. 8 (7): 213–243. doi:10.2307/1217883.
  8. ↑ "Search for name". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 2013-09-13.
  9. ↑ USDA Plants Profile for Brodiaea coronaria ssp. coronaria (crown brodiaea)
  10. ↑ Jepson Manual — Brodiaea coronaria ssp. rosea
  11. ↑ CalFlora Database — Brodiaea coronaria ssp. rosea. accessed 8.2.2013
  • "Brodiaea coronaria (Salisb.) Engl". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 2008-06-28.
  • Bailey, Liberty Hyde; Miller, Wilhelm (1900). "Brodiaea". "Cyclopedia of American Horticulture": plants sold in the United States and Canada, with geographical and biographical sketches (Volume 1 A-D ed.). The Macmillan Company. Retrieved 2008-06-28.
  • LeRoy, Abrams; Ferris, Roxana Stinchfield (1923). "LILY FAMILY". An Illustrated Flora of the Pacific States: Washington, Oregon, and California. Stanford University Press. pp. 1192 pages. ISBN 0-8047-0003-6. Retrieved 2008-06-28.
  • Weathers, John (1901). "Classification of Plants". "A Practical Guide to Garden Plants": that may be grown in the open air in the British Islands, with culture and propagation info. Longmans, Green, and Co. pp. 1192 pages. Retrieved 2008-06-28.
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