Bidental consonant
Places of articulation |
Tongue shape |
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Secondary articulation |
See also |
Bidental consonants are consonants articulated with both the lower and upper teeth. They are normally found only in speech pathology, and are distinct from interdental consonants such as [n̪͆], which involve the tongue articulated between the teeth rather than the teeth themselves. The diacritic for bidental consonants in the extensions to the IPA is the same superscript plus subscript bridge, ⟨ ̪͆ ⟩. This is used for three sounds in disordered speech:
- A bidental percussive, [ʭ], produced by striking the teeth against each other (gnashing or chattering the teeth).
- A voiceless bidental fricative, [h̪͆], a fricative made through clenched teeth with no involvement of the tongue or the lips. [tʰ̪͆] is [t] with bidental aspiration. "Bidental (consonant) produced by air passing through the closed front teeth."[1]
- A voiced bidental fricative, [ɦ̪͆].
There is at least one confirmed attestation of a bidental consonant in normal language. The Black Sea sub-dialect of the Shapsug dialect of Adyghe has a voiceless bidental fricative where other dialects have [x], as in хы
References
- ↑ Matthews, Peter Hugoe (2003). The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Linguistics, p.40. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199202720.
Further reading
- Ladefoged, Peter; Maddieson, Ian (1996). The Sounds of the World's Languages. Oxford: Blackwell. ISBN 0-631-19814-8.
- Chart of extended IPA symbols for disordered speech (PDF)