Bell 412
Bell 412 | |
---|---|
Bell 412EP of the Los Angeles City Fire Department | |
Role | Multipurpose utility helicopter |
National origin | United States/Canada |
Manufacturer | Bell Helicopter |
First flight | August 1979 |
Introduction | 1981 |
Status | In service |
Primary users | Royal Air Force See Operators for others |
Produced | 1979–present |
Number built | Over 869 |
Developed from | Bell 212 |
Variants | Bell CH-146 Griffon |
The Bell 412 is a twin-engine utility helicopter of the Huey family manufactured by Bell Helicopter. It is a development of the Bell 212, with the major difference being the composite four-blade main rotor.
Design and development
Development began in the late 1970s with two Bell 212s being converted into 412 prototypes. An advanced four-blade main rotor with a smaller diameter replaced the 212's two-blade rotor. A Bell 412 prototype first flew in August 1979. The initial model was certified in January 1981 with deliveries commencing in the same month.[1]
The 412 model was followed by the 412SP (Special Performance) version featuring larger fuel capacity, higher takeoff weight and optional seating arrangements. In 1991, the 412HP (High Performance) variant with improved transmission replaced the SP version in production.[1] The current production version, 412EP (Enhanced Performance), is equipped with a dual digital automatic flight control system. In 2013 Bell introduced the 412EPI which includes an electronic engine control (FADEC) for a PT6T-9 engine upgrade, and a glass cockpit display system similar to the Bell model 429. Also featured is a Garmin touchscreen navigation system, and the BLR Strake and Fast Fin upgrades for improved hover performance.[2]
Over 700 Model 412s (including 260 by AgustaWestland) have been built.[3]
Variants
- Bell 412
- Standard Model with P&WC PT6T-3B
- Bell 412SP
- Special Performance version with P&WC PT6T-3BF engines
- Bell 412HP
- High performance version with P&WC PT6T-3BG or -3D engines
- Bell 412EP
- Enhanced performance version with P&WC PT6T-3DF engines
- Bell 412EPI
- Glass cockpit version with P&WC PT6T-9 electronic controlled engines
- Bell 412CF (CH-146 Griffon)
- 100 custom-built utility transport helicopters for the Canadian Forces, based on 412EP and designated by Bell as 412CF
- Bell Griffin HT1
- Advanced training helicopter based on the Bell 412EP, operated by the Royal Air Force (RAF) since 1997 as an advanced flying trainer. Operated by the Defence Helicopter Flying School at RAF Shawbury and the Search and Rescue Training Unit at RAF Valley.
- Bell Griffin HAR2
- Search and Rescue helicopter based on the Bell 412EP, operated by No. 84 Squadron RAF since 2003 at RAF Akrotiri in Cyprus.
- Agusta-Bell AB 412
- Civil utility transport version, built under license in Italy by Agusta.[4]
- Agusta-Bell AB 412EP
- Italian-built version of the Bell 412EP.[4]
- Agusta-Bell AB 412 Grifone
- Military utility transport version, built under licence in Italy by Agusta.[4]
- Agusta-Bell AB 412 CRESO
- Italian-built version, fitted with a ground surveillance radar.
- NBell 412
- Indonesian IPTN's licensed product of Bell 412[4]
- Subaru-Bell UH-X
- Modified version of the Bell 412 EPI; 150 on order to meet the JGSDF's requirement for a UH-1J replacement.[5][6][7]
Operators
The Bell 412 is used by private and commercial operators. It is particularly popular in the oil industries, military and for law enforcement use.
Military operators
- Dominican Air Force (2 on order)[8]
- National Navy of Uruguay (2 on order)[13]
Governmental operators
- Babcock Mission Critical Services,[15]
- Department of Fire and Emergency Services[16]
- Emergency Management Queensland[17]
- New South Wales Police Force[18]
- MedSTAR[19][20]
Incidents and accidents
On April 4, 1991, a Bell 412 collided with a small plane carrying United States Senator H. John Heinz III, which killed the senator.
On December 10, 2006, a Bell 412 medical helicopter Mercy Air 2 crashed in mountainous terrain near Hesperia, California. All three crew members on board died.
On February 6, 2008, a Bell 412 crashed due to a malfunction, killing Major General Javed Sultan, the commanding officer for Kohat garrison, along with two brigadiers and five other military personnel in South Waziristan Agency, Pakistan.[43][44]
Specifications (412EP)
Data from International Directory of Civil Aircraft,[45] Bell 412EP Product Specifications[46]
General characteristics
- Crew: one-two pilots
- Capacity: up to 13 passengers, maximum external load of almost 6,614 lb (3,000 kg)[3]
- Length: 56 ft 1 in (17.1 m)
- Rotor diameter: 46 ft (14.0 m)
- Height: 15 ft (4.6 m)
- Disc area: 1,662 ft² (154.4 m²)
- Empty weight: 6,789 lb (3,079 kg)
- Max. takeoff weight: 11,900 lb (5,397 kg)
- Fuselage length: 43 ft (13.1 m)
- Powerplant: 1 × Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6T-3D or PT6T-3DF Twin-Pac turboshafts, 1,250 shp (932 kW), 900 shp (671 kW) for each power section
Performance
- Maximum speed: 140 knots (161 mph, 259 km/h)
- Cruise speed: 122 knots (140 mph, 226 km/h)
- Range: 609 mi (up to 980km)
- Service ceiling: 20,000 ft (6,096 m)
- Rate of climb: 1,350 ft/min (6.86 m/s)
- Power/mass: 0.2663 hp/lb (437 W/kg)
See also
Related development
Related lists
References
- 1 2 Bell 412. Airliners.net
- ↑ "Bell Helicopter Introduces the Bell 412EPI: Boosts Performance and Reliability" (Press release). Las Vegas, NV: Textron. 4 March 2013. Retrieved 11 March 2016.
- 1 2 Bell/Agusta Bell 412 – Medium Transport Helicopter, USA/Italy, Aerospace-Technology.com
- 1 2 3 4 Model 212 Twin Huey: USN-USMC UH-1N / Model 412 Archived February 28, 2008, at the Wayback Machine.. Vectorsite.net, 1 December 2007.
- ↑ Foreign firms bid for $2 billion chopper deal The Japan Times/Reuters Accessed 10th October 2014
- ↑ Waldron, Greg (June 20, 2018). "Bell targets Asia-Pacific attack helicopter opportunities". Retrieved July 17, 2018.
- ↑ "Subaru and Bell announce collaboration on commercial 412 helicopter upgrade". textron.com. July 16, 2018. Retrieved July 17, 2018.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 "World Air Forces 2018". Flightglobal Insight. 2018. Retrieved 16 June 2018.
- ↑ http://defence-blog.com/aviation/azerbaijan-showcase-recently-received-bell-412-helicopters-military-parade.html/amp
- ↑ "Introduction (Coast guard, Korea, South), Coast guard". janes.com. Retrieved 17 February 2013.
- ↑ "South Korean Coast Guard Bell 412EP". Retrieved 17 February 2013.
- ↑ "Turkey And Georgia Conducted A Naval Exercise". Retrieved 29 December 2012.
- ↑ Porfilio, Gabriel (10 January 2018). "Uruguay navy authorised to buy two Bell 412s from Italy". IHS Jane's 360. Archived from the original on 15 January 2018. Retrieved 15 January 2018.
- ↑ "World Air Forces 2015". Flightglobal Insight. 2015. Retrieved 4 January 2015.
- ↑ "Australian Aircraft Register searching for Australian Helicopters Pty Ltd". Civil Aviation Safety Authority Australia.
- ↑ "RAC Rescue Helicopters".
- ↑ "Queenslanders Gov.t Fleet". qld.gov.au. Retrieved 10 April 2013.
- ↑ "Bell 412EPI helicopter for NSW Police Force".
- ↑ http://www.adelaidenow.com.au/news/south-australia/goat-rams-grounds-motor-accident-commission-rescue-chopper/news-story/8ce9e5990741caba053afa0f60495099
- ↑ "MAC Rescue Helicopter Australia Air Ambulances".
- ↑ "PF tem mais dois helicópteros que não levantam voo há quase dois anos". CorreioBraziliense.com.br. Archived from the original on 20 September 2013. Retrieved 11 November 2013.
- ↑ "New helos for the Coast Guard". janes.com. Retrieved 16 June 2018.
- ↑ "ARCHIVED - Bell 412 (ASRA)". Archived from the original on 2013-12-24.
- ↑ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-02-03. Retrieved 2014-01-28.
- ↑ "BELL 412 -Aviación Policial de la Policía Nacional". National Police of Colombia. Retrieved 14 April 2017.
- ↑ "Czech-Republic Police". ©Copyright 2012 Helis.com. Retrieved 29 December 2012.
- ↑ "The Border Guard's vessels and aircraft".
- ↑ "Agusta AB-412 in Carabinieri". Retrieved 1 January 2013.
- ↑ "AB-412 Guardia di Finanza". Retrieved 1 January 2013.
- ↑ Roelofs, Erik (April 2012). "Italy's Flying Foresters". Air International. Vol. 82 no. 4. pp. 78–81. ISSN 0306-5634.
- ↑ "第二管区海上保安本部 仙台航空基地".
- ↑ Thompson, Paul Police Air Units J-HangarSpace Retrieved February 22, 2017
- ↑ "Helikopterji in oprema". policija.si. Retrieved 23 November 2014.
- ↑ "Great Lake Saviors". Vertical Magazine. 16 November 2011.
- ↑ "Delaware Marks 40 Years of Service". © Copyright 2010 by the Airborne Law Enforcement Association. Archived from the original on 19 November 2010. Retrieved 30 December 2012.
- ↑ "LAFD Air Ops". Retrieved 30 December 2012.
- ↑ "L.A. County Fire". Archived from the original on 12 July 2007. Retrieved 30 December 2012.
- ↑ "Miami-Dade-Fire-Rescue". © 2012 Miami-Dade County.gov. Retrieved 30 December 2012.
- ↑ "NYPD Bell 412". ©Copyright 2012 Helis.com. Retrieved 30 December 2012.
- ↑ "Orange County Fire Authority's New Bell 412 Fire and Rescue Helicopters". ©Copyright 2012 FDNNTV.com. Archived from the original on 22 January 2013. Retrieved 30 December 2012.
- ↑ "San-Diego-Fire signs for Bell-412". 2012 Copyright Shephard Press Limited. Retrieved 28 December 2012.
- ↑ "Bald Eagle Rescue is a team effort". Archived from the original on 25 July 2015. Retrieved 31 December 2012.
- ↑ "Kohat GOC, six other officers die in copter crash: Technical fault caused accident: ISPR". Dawn. Retrieved 15 June 2013.
- ↑ "General killed in Pakistan crash". BBC News. 6 February 2008. Retrieved 2013-03-18.
- ↑ Frawley, Gerald. The International Directory of Civil Aircraft, 2003/2004, p. 45. Aerospace Publications, 2003. ISBN 1-875671-58-7.
- ↑ Bell Helicopter, January 2006 Archived October 15, 2012, at the Wayback Machine.
- Hoyle, Craig. "World Air Forces Directory". Flight International, Vol. 180 No. 5321, 13–19 December 2011. pp. 26–52.
External links
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