Anand (1971 film)

Anand
Directed by Hrishikesh Mukherjee
Produced by Hrishikesh Mukherjee
N.C. Sippy
Written by Bimal Dutta
Gulzar
D.N. Mukherjee
Hrishikesh Mukherjee
Biren Tripathy
Starring Rajesh Khanna
Amitabh Bachchan
Sumita Sanyal
Music by Salil Chowdhury
Cinematography Jaywant Pathare
Edited by Hrishikesh Mukherjee
Distributed by Digital Entertainment
Shemaroo Video Pvt. Ltd.
Release date
 March 12, 1971
Running time
 123 minutes
Country India
Language Hindi-Urdu[1]

Anand (lit. Bliss) is a 1971 Indian drama film, co-written and directed by Hrishikesh Mukherjee, with dialogues written by Gulzar. It stars Rajesh Khanna in the lead role, with a supporting cast including Amitabh Bachchan, Sumita Sanyal, Ramesh Deo and Seema Deo. The film won several awards, including the Filmfare Award for Best Film in 1972. In 2013, it was listed in Anupama Chopra's book 100 Films To See before You Die.[2] This film is counted among the 17 consecutive hit films of Rajesh Khanna between 1969 and 1971, by adding the two-hero films Marayada and Andaz to the 15 consecutive solo hits he gave from 1969 to 1971.[3] It was also Amitabh Bachchan's first hit.[4]

The film was loosely inspired by the Akira Kurosawa film Ikiru (1952).[5] It was later remade in Malayalam as Chitrashalabham (1998).[6]

Plot

The film begins with a ceremony arranged to felicitate Dr. Bhaskar (Amitabh Bachchan), a doctor who has just written a successful book titled Anand. Bhaskar is a cancer specialist and after the congratulatory speeches, he reveals that the book is not a work of fiction, but taken from his own diary and pertains to his experiences with a real person named Anand.

The flashback starts with Bhaskar, fresh from his training as an oncologist, trying to treat the poor for no charge, but often disheartened by the fact that he cannot cure all the ailments in the world. He becomes pessimistic after seeing the suffering, illness and poverty all around him. He is straightforward and won't treat the imaginary ailments of the rich. His friend, Dr. Kulkarni follows a slightly different path. He treats the imaginary illnesses of the rich and uses that money to treat the poor.

One day, Kulkarni introduces Bhaskar to Anand (Rajesh Khanna), who has lymphosarcoma of the intestine, a rare type of cancer. Anand has a cheerful nature and despite knowing the truth that he is not going to survive for more than six months, he maintains a nonchalant demeanour and always tries to make happy everyone around him. His cheerful and vibrant nature soothes Bhaskar, who has a contrasting nature and they become good friends.

Anand's condition gradually deteriorates, but he does not want to spend his remaining time in a hospital bed; he instead roams freely and helps everyone. He discovers that Bhaskar has strong feelings for Renu (Sumita Sanyal), whom he treated previously for pneumonia. He helps Bhaskar to express his love and convinces Renu's mother to bless their marriage. He tells Bhaskar that everyone should remember him as a lively person and not as a cancer patient. His end comes and he dies amongst his friends and everyone remembers him as a vibrant and lively person. Bhaskar becomes more philosophical and continues to help the helpless with more empathy and maturity.

Cast

Production

Anand was originally supposed to star actors Kishore Kumar and Mehmood in lead roles.[7] One of the producers, N.C. Sippy, had earlier served as Mehmood's production manager. The character Babu Moshai was to be played by Mehmood. Mukherjee was asked to meet Kishore Kumar to discuss the project. However, when he went to Kishore Kumar's residence, he was driven away by the gatekeeper due to a misunderstanding. Kishore Kumar (himself a Bengali) had done a stage show organized by another Bengali man, and was involved in a dispute with this man over financial matters. He had instructed his gatekeeper to drive away this "Bengali", if he ever visited the house. The gatekeeper mistook Mukherjee to be this "Bengali", and refused him entry. The incident hurt Mukherjee and he decided not to work with Kumar.[7] Consequently, Mehmood had to leave the film as well. Both Raj Kapoor and Shashi Kapoor were offered the lead before Rajesh Khanna.[8]

Film expert and musicologist Rajesh Subramanian says that Mukherjee shot the film in 28 days.[9] The screenplay of Anand was written by Gulzar (who also wrote dialogues and lyrics of a few songs), Bimal Dutt, D.N. Mukherjee and Hrishikesh Mukherjee.[10]

The character of Anand was inspired by Raj Kapoor, who used to call Mukherjee "Babu Moshay".[11] It is believed that Mukherjee wrote the film when once Kapoor was seriously ill and Mukherjee thought that he may die. The film was dedicated to Kapoor and the people of Bombay.[9] Later, Anand was remade in Malayalam, with the name Chitrashalabham, starring Jayaram and Biju Menon.[12]

Music

Anand
Yes
Soundtrack album to Anand by Salil Chowdhary
Released 1971
Language Hindi
Label Saregama
Salil Chowdhary chronology
Mere Apne
(1971)		 Anand
(1971)		 Sabse Bada Sukh
(1972)

The musical score and songs were composed by Salil Chowdhary. The lyrics were written by Gulzar and Yogesh. Gulzar wrote the poem "Maut Tu Ek Kavita Hai", which is narrated by Amitabh Bachchan.

Before confirming Chowdhary for songs, Mukherjee approached Lata Mangeshkar to get the songs composed, as she had already worked as a music director in Marathi films under the pseudonym of "Anandghan". She, however, politely refused the offer and decided to sing the songs in the film rather than composing them.[11]

# Title Singer(s) Lyricist Duration
1 "Kahin Door Jab" (Male) Mukesh Yogesh 05:52
2 "Maine Tere Liye" Mukesh Gulzar 03:09
3 "Zindagi Kaisi Hai Paheli"[13] Manna Dey Yogesh 03:30
4 "Kahin Door Jab" (Female) Lata Mangeshkar Yogesh 03:48
5 "Na Jiya Lage Na" Lata Mangeshkar Gulzar 03:22
6 "Maut Tu Ek Kavita Hai" Amitabh Bachchan Gulzar 00:47

Although Kishore Kumar had become the voice of Rajesh Khanna since the success of Aradhana, in this film, the composer Salil Chowdhury insisted on having Mukesh as he felt that the latter's voice would give the required pathos to Anand's character. Rajesh Khanna readily agreed to the suggestion. Once when asked which song was his favorite, Rajesh Khanna said it was Mukesh's song "Kahin Door Jab Din Dhal Jaye" from Anand.

Awards

National Film Awards[10]
Filmfare Awards


DVD release

Numerous DVD editions entered the market by companies like "Digital Entertainment inc.", Shemaroo Entertainment and "Eagle Home Video". These were released as non-restored, non re-mastered editions and bare bones, devoid of supplementary features.

Blu-ray release

Eagle Home Video came out with a restored edition of this movie, preserving the original aspect ratio in 4:3 pillar box and a DTS Master Audio (HD) in 2.0. The restoration took place in Shemaroo studios.

References

  1. ↑ Aḵẖtar, Jāvīd; Kabir, Nasreen Munni (2002). Talking Films: Conversations on Hindi Cinema with Javed Akhtar. Oxford University Press. p. 49. ISBN 978-0-19-566462-1. most of the writers working in this so-called Hindi cinema write in Urdu: Gulzar, or Rajinder Singh Bedi or Inder Raj Anand or Rahi Masoom Raza or Vahajat Mirza, who wrote dialogue for films like Mughal-e-Azam and Gunga Jumna and Mother India. So most dialogue-writers and most song-writers are from the Urdu discipline
  2. ↑ Mazumdar, Arunima (16 October 2013). "Anupama Chopra's 100 favourite films!". The Times of India. Retrieved 28 December 2015.
  3. ↑ "Eight lesser known facts about Rajesh Khanna on his death anniversary". 18 July 2015.
  4. ↑ "Revisiting Prakash Mehra's Zanjeer: The film that made Amitabh Bachchan". The Indian Express. 20 June 2017.
  5. ↑ Raghavendra, M. K. (2014). Seduced by the Familiar: Narration and Meaning in Indian Popular Cinema. Oxford University Press. p. 200. ISBN 9780199087983.
  6. ↑ https://www.indiatvnews.com/entertainment/bollywood/kishore-rajesh-khanna-do-the-role-of-anand-4677.html
  7. 1 2 Zaveri 2005, p. 133.
  8. ↑ Jha, Subhash K. (2005). The Essential Guide to Bollywood. Lustre Press. ISBN 9788174363787.
  9. 1 2 "It was Kishore, not Rajesh Khanna, who was to do the role of Anand". India TV. 19 June 2012. Retrieved 23 April 2015.
  10. 1 2 Malhotra, A. P. S. (13 December 2008). "Anand (1971)". The Hindu. Retrieved 28 December 2015.
  11. 1 2 Kaul, Vivek (19 June 2012). "A hand-me-down role in 'Anand' crowned Khanna's career". Firstpost. Retrieved 28 December 2015.
  12. ↑ "It was Kishore, not Rajesh Khanna, who was to do the role of Anand". Indiatvnews. Retrieved 24 March 2017.
  13. ↑ "It was an honour to sing for Rajesh Khanna: Manna Dey". India Today. 18 July 2012. Retrieved 28 December 2015.

Further reading

  • Zaveri, Hanif (2005). "A Comedy King and Superstar". Mehmood, a Man of Many Moods. Popular Prakashan. ISBN 81-7991-213-2.
  • Jha, Subhash K. (2005). The Essential Guide to Bollywood. Lustre Press. ISBN 9788174363787.

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