170s

Roman Empire

• The Suebian tribes of the Marcomanni cross the Danube and invade northern Italy. The Roman army (20,000 men) is destroyed near Carnuntum in Pannonia.
• The Marcomanni plunder Opitergium (modern Oderzo) and besiege Aquileia. This is the first time hostile forces entered Italy since 101 BC.
• Emperor Marcus Aurelius writes in Sirmium (Pannonia) his first of 12 books of the Meditations in Koine Greek.
• The Costoboci cross the Danube (Dacia) and ravage Thrace in the Balkan Peninsula. They reached Eleusina, near Athens, and destroyed the temple of the Eleusinian Mysteries.
• Marcus Aurelius orders humane treatment for Christians and slaves throughout the Roman Empire.
• An Equestrian Statue of Marcus Aurelius is erected in Rome.
• The Porta Nigra is built in Augusta Treverorum (modern Trier).

Arts and sciences

• The fundamental works of Ptolemy on cartography are published.

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